Download or read book Indonesia Wages and Employment written by Constantino Lluch and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a continuing effort to assess wage and employment conditions in Indonesia, this report focuses on labour market conditions. The population has grown at a faster than expected rate which means that the labour force will grow faster than expected as well. In addition, output growth over the eighties is not expected to be as fast as in the past. The implications for employment and labour incomes of these factors vary according to alternative workings of the labour markets. Therefore, alternative views on how labour markets work have important and different implications for policy. A primary objective of this report is to point out these implications and to promote further study of labour markets in Indonesia. It differs from the previous view, suggesting that quality of labour does not explain wage differentials, that the problem of underutilization of young people is too great to be explained by models highlighting transitional job searching, and that social forces and economic forces which do not lead to the clearing of the labour market play a large role in the determination of wages. These factors have important consequences for policy, including the need to consider employment creation as a separate objective.
Download or read book The Benefits of Growth for Indonesian Workers written by Nisha Agrawal and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Does Indonesia Have a low Pay Civil Service written by Deon Filmer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indonesia has long been characterized as having a "low-pay civil service" which is in turn used to explain corruption at various levels of government. Analysis of individual and household level data show that the earnings of government employees, on average, is comparable to what they might earn in the private sector. Changing the structure of compensation may be an important part of civil service reform, but should not be seen as the main instrument to address corruption.
Download or read book The Benefits of Growth for Indonesian Workers written by Nisha Agrawal and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: August 1996 Does improving the conditions of workers in Indonesia require government interventions? Indonesia's rapid, broadly based pattern of growth has led to a spectacular reduction in poverty in the past 25 years. The model of development Indonesia adopted -- market-led growth combined with investments in physical and social infrastructure -- has proved to be the one most successful in alleviating poverty and benefiting workers in developing countries. The government's development efforts focused on agriculture (especially rice), education, and transport infrastructure. It emphasized providing opportunities for productive employment and gradually improving the quality of labor through education and training. The rates at which wages, employment, and incomes grew were left largely to market forces. Indonesian workers have been major beneficiaries of growth, but although the rapid growth of labor-intensive manufacturing has led to more jobs and higher wages, workers employed in these industries have expressed growing dissatisfaction. They complain about problems of child labor, the denial of centrally mandated wages and benefits to workers, poor working conditions, and the abuse of young female workers, who make up the bulk of the workforce. The government has tried to improve workers' wages and working conditions by centrally mandating higher labor standards, relying principally on minimum wages as a tool for doing so. Since 1989, minimum wages have tripled nominally and doubled in real terms. Enforcement has improved and, despite low compliance, at those higher levels minimum wages are beginning to bite. Indonesians are debating whether they need these labor-intensive industries and whether it is a mistake to base Indonesia's growth on cheap labor, because industries that exploit cheap labor could move to other countries. They argue that if labor is more expensive, manufacturers have no choice but to substitute some capital for labor, and to develop more sophisticated industries. However, Indonesia still has an abundant supply of labor and if labor-intensive industries are rejected, the capacity of the economy to absorb plentiful workers will be reduced. The main alternatives are to push up wages now (and risk the premature death of labor intensive industries) or to let wages be determined by market forces (in which case wages will rise slowly for the time being but industry's capacity to absorb labor will be higher) but strengthen institutions that could improve working conditions, such as labor unions. Agrawal recommends maintaining flexible labor markets and allowing market forces to set the pace of change, while strengthening labor unions. This paper -- a product of the Indonesia Policy and Operations Division, East Asia and Pacific, Country Department III -- is part of a larger effort in the department to develop a comprehensive labor market strategy for Indonesia. It was presented at a joint Ministry of Manpower-World Bank workshop, Indonesian Workers in the 21st Century, in Jakarta, April 2-4, 1996.
Download or read book The Impact of Minimum Wage Policy on Wages and Employment in Developing Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wages and Employment in Indonesia written by Constantino Lluch and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indonesia written by Edimon Ginting and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-02-01 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on Indonesia's most pressing labor market challenges and associated policy options to achieve higher and more inclusive economic growth. The challenges consist of creating jobs for and the skills in a youthful and increasingly better educated workforce, and raising the productivity of less-educated workers to meet the demands of the digital age. The book deals with a range of interrelated topics---the changing supply and demand for labor in relation to the shift of workers out of agriculture; urbanization and the growth of megacities; raising the quality of schooling for new jobs in the digital economy; and labor market policies to improve both labor standards and productivity.
Download or read book Wages and Employment in Indonesia written by World Bank. East Asia and Pacific Regional Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Labour Market Monitoring and Employment Policy written by Martin Godfrey and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 1993 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Consequences of Doubling the Minimum Wage written by Martin Rama and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results suggest that doubling Indonesia's minimum wage led to a 10 percent increase in average wages, a 2 percent decrease in wage employment, and a 5 percent decrease in investment. The disemployment effect appears to be considerable in small firms, but employment may actually increase in large firms.Minimum wages in Indonesia were tripled in nominal terms, and doubled in real terms, in the first half of the 1990s. Rama evaluates the effects of this hike on wage earnings, wage employment, and investment.After describing Indonesia's minimum wage policy and surveying the literature on the effects of minimum wages, Rama applies relatively simple statistical tools to individual and aggregate data. He visually inspects the wage distribution for full-time laborers and employees to assess the extent of compliance with minimum wages. He uses regression analysis involving minimalist specifications and data aggregated by province to estimate the elasticity of wage earnings, wage employment, and investment with respect to the minimum wage.A wide dispersion in the ratio of minimum wages to labor productivity across the 27 Indonesian provinces can be used to identify the effects of the minimum wage. The results suggest that minimum wages have a moderate effect on outcomes in Indonesia's labor market. Taken at face value, these results imply that doubling the minimum wage led to a 10 percent increase in average wages, a 2 percent decrease in wage employment, and a 5 percent decrease in investment. The disemployment effect appears to be considerable in small firms, but employment may actually increase in large firms.This paper - a product of the Poverty and Human Resources Division, Policy Research Department - was written as part of a broader labor study on Indonesia undertaken by East Asia and Pacific, Country Department III. The research was also supported by the Bank`s Research Support Budget under the research project The Impact of Labor Market Policies and Institutions on Economic Performance (RPO 680-96). The results of the research were presented at a joint Ministry of Manpower, Indonesia-World Bank workshop in Jakarta in April 1996. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Download or read book The Consequences of Doubling the Minimum Wage The Case of Indonesia written by Martín Rama and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: September 1996 Results suggest that doubling Indonesia's minimum wage led to a 10 percent increase in average wages, a 2 percent decrease in wage employment, and a 5 percent decrease in investment. The disemployment effect appears to be considerable in small firms, but employment may actually increase in large firms. Minimum wages in Indonesia were tripled in nominal terms, and doubled in real terms, in the first half of the 1990s. Rama evaluates the effects of this hike on wage earnings, wage employment, and investment. After describing Indonesia's minimum wage policy and surveying the literature on the effects of minimum wages, Rama applies relatively simple statistical tools to individual and aggregate data. He visually inspects the wage distribution for full-time laborers and employees to assess the extent of compliance with minimum wages. He uses regression analysis involving minimalist specifications and data aggregated by province to estimate the elasticity of wage earnings, wage employment, and investment with respect to the minimum wage. A wide dispersion in the ratio of minimum wages to labor productivity across the 27 Indonesian provinces can be used to identify the effects of the minimum wage. The results suggest that minimum wages have a moderate effect on outcomes in Indonesia's labor market. Taken at face value, these results imply that doubling the minimum wage led to a 10 percent increase in average wages, a 2 percent decrease in wage employment, and a 5 percent decrease in investment. The disemployment effect appears to be considerable in small firms, but employment may actually increase in large firms. This paper -- a product of the Poverty and Human Resources Division, Policy Research Department -- was written as part of a broader labor study on Indonesia undertaken by East Asia and Pacific, Country Department III. The research was also supported by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project The Impact of Labor Market Policies and Institutions on Economic Performance (RPO 680-96). The results of the research were presented at a joint Ministry of Manpower, Indonesia-World Bank workshop in Jakarta in April 1996. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Download or read book Wage and Employment Effects of Minimum Wage Policy in the Indonesian Urban Labor Market written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Does the Minimum Wage Affect Employment Evidence from the Manufacturing Sector in Indonesia written by Ximena V. Del Carpio and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using survey data from the Indonesian manufacturing industry, this paper investigates the impact of minimum wage on employment and wages offered by Indonesian manufacturing firms from 1993 to 2006. It shows that the estimated effects of minimum wage on employment are positive within a province (i.e., with province fixed effects), but negative within a firm (i.e., with firm fixed effects), indicating the importance of using firm panel data to reduce the endogeneity bias in estimates. It finds significant heterogeneous effects of minimum-wage changes on employment. The employment effects of minimum wages are significant and negative among small firms and less educated workers, but not among large firms and workers with high school education and above. The negative employment impact is more severe for non-production workers than for production workers. The analysis also shows that the minimum wage disproportionally affects women: most of the non-production job losses are experienced by female workers. Lastly, the paper finds that the minimum wage is more correlated with the average wage of small firms than that of large firms, suggesting that minimum wages are more binding in small firms.
Download or read book Does the Minimum Wage Affect Employment written by Ximena Del Carpio and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indonesia Labor Market Policies and International Competitiveness written by Nisha Agrawal and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Impact of Minimum Wages on Employment in a Low Income Country written by Alatas, Vivi and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Indonesian Labour Market written by Shafiq Dhanani and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-10 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the best-selling author of Asia Pacific Economies, this book, containing a thorough analysis of pre- and post-crisis environments and industry is an important addition to the literature on industrial development in developing countries.