Download or read book Individual Variation in the Antipredator Behavior of Captive Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta written by Lisa Anne Hollis-Brown and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Affiliative Relationships in Rhesus Macaques Macaca Mulatta and the Roles of Captivity Personality and Social Context written by Allison LaJoie Heagerty and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many social primates live in cohesive groups with stable affiliative and agonistic relationships. Although there are species typical patterns of social behavior, there is also individual variation within every species. Sources of individual variation in social behavior include aspects of the physical environment (e.g. availability and distribution of resources and population density), factors of the social environment (e.g. dominance rank and kinship ties), and psychobiological and biological factors (e.g. personality and sex). Understanding the sources of individual variation can inform our understanding of how relationships form as well as variation in larger group dynamics. In the following three chapters I explore the sources of individual variation in affiliative relationships in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Grooming is an ideal behavior for this task because it is an integral part of the life of social nonhuman primates and species of many other taxa. I begin by looking broadly at grooming patterns in captive and free-ranging social groups, and examine how captive conditions may affect grooming relationships based on age and sex of the initiator and recipient. Results show that adult females, subadult males, and juveniles allocate grooming differently in the wild than in captivity. Adult females and subadult males in captivity have stronger grooming relationships with one another, and weaker grooming relationships with juveniles, than their wild counterparts. In the second chapter I focus on how personality, sex, dominance rank, and prior familiarity shape grooming relationships in captive groups. Prior familiarity is the primary determinant of grooming relationships between individuals, followed by sex, rank, and personality of the grooming initiator. In the final chapter I examine personality variation under different social environments, and show that changes in dominance rank and early experience with high rank predict changes in the expression of boldness, sociability, and impulsivity.
Download or read book Predator Recognition Risk Assessment and Antipredator Behavior in Columbian Blacktailed Deer written by Theodore Stankowich and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behavior of Captive Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta written by Jean Balch Williams and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Swimming with Piranhas at Feeding Time My Life Doing Dumb Stuff with Animals written by Richard Conniff and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2010-06-28 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An award-winning nature writer takes readers on a thrilling journey deep intothe domains of strange--and often dangerous--animals.
Download or read book Imaginative Culture and Human Nature Evolutionary Perspectives on the Arts Religion and Ideology written by Joseph Carroll and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Captivity and Behavior written by Joseph Erwin and published by Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. This book was released on 1979 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Captive Rhesus Macaque Welfare written by Daniel Hellman Gottlieb and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rhesus macaques are one of the most commonly used primates in bio-medical research. The welfare of captive rhesus is a growing public concern, and empirical research is necessary to determine the best management practices for captive rhesus well-being. Unfortunately welfare research often has inconclusive results, which may in part be due to individual differences within animals. In this dissertation research, three independent studies on rhesus macaques are presented. The objective of the first study was to assess the efficacy of three types of foraging enrichment: puzzle balls, supertubes, and shakers. A significant increase in foraging behavior was found in all three groups, however the three enrichment devices had different effects on individual expression of stereotypy. The objective of the second study was to identify whether increasing the predictability of husbandry events could decrease stress and anxiety in singly housed animals. Results found that temporal predictability of feeding reduced stress and anxiety, and was thus considered beneficial to the animals. In both studies it was noted that not all subjects responded the same to the experimental treatments, and it was hypothesized that this was due to individual differences within subjects. The objective of the third study was to evaluate the human intruder test, a commonly used paradigm to measure individual differences in rhesus. Specifically, the aim of this study was to identify the underlying latent factors affecting different responses to the test. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of behavioral responses yielded a model with four-factors: "Activity," "Emotionality," "Aggression," and "Displacement." These results suggest that most of the variation in behavioral response to the human intruder test can be explained by these four latent factors.
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Construction Activity on the Behavior of Captive Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta written by Courtney A. Begnoche and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous studies have revealed insight into the effects of noises and vibrations on rodents, livestock, and zoo animals, but there is little information about such effects on non-human primates. This study aimed to assess the impact of construction activity on the behavior of animals in a non-human primate (rhesus macaque) facility. Construction activity and modified frequency behavioral data were divided into three phases: baseline (~3 months prior to construction), roof (construction on top of the animal facility), and honors (construction of 7 new buildings adjacent to the facility). We hypothesized that anxiety behaviors (scratch and yawn) would be increased during the construction as opposed to baseline but that overall behavioral activity would be decreased. Additionally, we predicted that these effects would be most prominent during the roof construction period. However, subjects actually exhibited a significant decrease in scratching behavior from the baseline to the honors phase (p=0.040). The average number of behaviors performed in a 15-sec interval (behavioral change) significantly decreased (p=0.034) between the baseline and honors construction periods. This same decrease was seen in the average number of different species typical behaviors performed per observation period (behavioral range; p=0.004). Both effects occurred from the baseline to honors period (p=0.015). Closer inspection of the honors construction period revealed levels of scratching, behavioral change, and behavioral range had returned to baseline during Honors 3 and 4 (All p>0.05). These data suggest that adaptation may be possible when monkeys are exposed to prolonged construction.
Download or read book Early Experience Behavior and Organization in Rhesus Monkey Macaca Mulatta Social Groups written by John Philip Capitanio and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Human Intruder Test written by Emily J. Peterson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human intruder test (HIT) is a noninvasive tool widely used for assessing anxiety in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). This thesis explores the HIT procedure and applies it to a population of monkeys with a self-injurious behavioral pathology. Individual variation on this test can be used to assess anxiety and temperament. The first experiment of this thesis applied two different procedures of the HIT to 17 monkeys at UMass. Monkeys displayed little response to the intruder, and no significant differences were detected for the two procedures. To determine whether these responses were unique to the UMass monkeys, their behavior was then compared to the behavior of monkeys at three other primate facilities. UMass monkeys showed less of a reaction compared to monkeys at other facilities. They came to the front of the cage when the intruder entered the room whereas the monkeys at other facilities moved to the back and showed virtually no threats to the intruder. One possible explanation is the increased exposure to humans that UMass monkeys experience. Even though the human running the HIT was a stranger, monkeys at UMass may not perceive a new human in front of their cage to be a threat. The second experiment tested the hypothesis that monkeys with a record of self-injurious behavior (SIB) would be more anxious in response to the HIT. The cage-side version of the HIT was applied to 41 monkeys with a record of self-injurious behavior and 36 matched controls. In contrast to our prediction, SIB subjects spent significantly less time showing anxious behavior and aggressive behavior toward the intruder as well as spent more time in the front of the cage. SIB subjects showed the same range of behaviors as controls, but significantly less behavioral change overall. These data add to the evidence from experiment one that the HIT may not be a sufficient novelty test to elicit a response in monkeys who are more often exposed to different people. An alternative explanation is that SIB is associated with a depressive like syndrome based on reduced overall activity and possibly lowered affect during the stare phase.
Download or read book The Science and Practice of Captive Animal Welfare written by Terry L. Maple and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Animal Behaviour Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Animal Cognition written by Allison B. Kaufman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-22 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook lays out the science behind how animals think, remember, create, calculate, and remember. It provides concise overviews on major areas of study such as animal communication and language, memory and recall, social cognition, social learning and teaching, numerical and quantitative abilities, as well as innovation and problem solving. The chapters also explore more nuanced topics in greater detail, showing how the research was conducted and how it can be used for further study. The authors range from academics working in renowned university departments to those from research institutions and practitioners in zoos. The volume encompasses a wide variety of species, ensuring the breadth of the field is explored.
Download or read book Handbook of Affective Sciences written by Richard J Davidson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-05-21 with total page 1218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One hundred stereotype maps glazed with the most exquisite human prejudice, especially collected for you by Yanko Tsvetkov, author of the viral Mapping Stereotypes project. Satire and cartography rarely come in a single package but in the Atlas of Prejudice they successfully blend in a work of art that is both funny and thought-provoking. The book is based on Mapping Stereotypes, Yanko Tsvetkov's critically acclaimed project that became a viral Internet sensation in 2009. A reliable weapon against bigots of all kinds, it serves as an inexhaustible source of much needed argumentation and-occasionally-as a nice slab of paper that can be used to smack them across the face whenever reasoning becomes utterly impossible. The Complete Collection version of the Atlas contains all maps from the previously published two volumes and adds twenty five new ones, wrapping the best-selling series in a single extended edition.
