Download or read book Income mobility of rural households Are female headed households participating in Ethiopia s economic growth written by Warner, James and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, Ethiopia has had one of the fastest growing economies in the world with annual growth rates averaging approximately 9.2% and 5.3% for the overall economy and the agricultural sector, respectively. Concomitant with this growth has been falling poverty rates and slightly rising inequality. While average growth has been strong, relatively little research has been performed on mobility within income quartiles, particularly among rural households. Using a panel of 1,899 households, taken from three rural household surveys carried out between 2012-2019, this paper explores the overall levels and trends of recent income mobility in rural Ethiopia. We conclude that female headed households, at the lower asset quartiles, are earning less income, marketing a smaller share of cereal crops, and experiencing less growth which, unlike comparable male headed households in lower quartiles, is leading to relative stagnation, and rising inequality. The implications for policymakers are important for improved targeting for pro-poor growth strategies as well as a better understanding of the heterogenous economic status of female headed households in rural Ethiopia more generally.

Download or read book Income Mobility of Rural Households written by James Warner and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determinants of Household Income Mobility in Rural China written by Xuehua Shi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article uses multivariate regression and decomposition analyses to assess household income mobility determinants and their contributions to income mobility in rural China from 1989 to 2006. The findings indicate that households with lower initial income level, higher share of wage income, higher educational level of household members, larger number of non-agricultural employed household members and younger heads are more mobile. Moreover, besides initial income, change in the share of wage income, change in the share of non-agricultural employed household members, and change in average year of education of household members are the most important factors that account for income mobility. These findings necessitate more emphasis on policies that promote non-agricultural employment and education to enhance household income mobility in rural China.

Download or read book Deviation of Central Town Livelihood Strategies and Household Income Mobility written by Lilong He and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the “structure-behavior” coupling paradigm, the concept of the deviation of central town is proposed to describe the“geography-market” distance between farm households and regional central towns. Using the survey data of 2115 poverty-alleviation farm households in Liangshan Yi Region, this paper discusses the impact of the deviation of central town on farm households' livelihood strategies. The results show that the livelihood strategies of Yi farmers have the characteristics of spatial differentiation, the farmers with low deviation degree have more kinetic energy for urban work, and the farmers with high deviation degree have a strong willingness to integrate into rural industry. The impact of deviation degree of central town on livelihood strate-gies is conducted through information effect to a certain extent, and is restricted by rural infrastructure and public service quality. The structure of family labor force and the policy of filing and supporting also have a moderating effect on the above effects. Further analysis shows that the deviation of central town and its livelihood strategies are also related to farmers' income mobility. Farmers with low deviation degree often choose to work in cities which is conducive to their income upward. The above analysis provides research inspiration for guiding farmers to optimize livelihood strategies, integrate into rural industrial revitalization and urban and rural economic cycle, realize effective linkage between poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and promote common prosperity in the new development stage.

Download or read book Poverty Dynamics written by Tony Addison and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-01-22 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays provides a state-of-the-art examination of the concepts and methods that can be used to understand poverty dynamics. It does this from an interdisciplinary perspective and includes the work of anthropologists, economists, sociologists, and political scientists. The contributions included highlight the need to conceptualise poverty from a multidimensional perspective and promote Q-Squared research approaches, or those that combine quantitative and qualitative research. The first part of the book provides a review of the research on poverty dynamics in developing countries. Part two focuses on poverty measurement and assessment, and discusses the most recent work of world-leading poverty analysts. The third part focuses on frameworks for understanding poverty analysis that avoid measurement and instead utilise approaches based on social relations and structural analysis. There is widespread consensus that poverty analysis should focus on poverty dynamics and this book shows how this idea can practically be taken forward.

Download or read book Economic Mobility and Agricultural Labour in Rural India written by Jean Drèze and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Income Inequality and Income Mobility in China and in the United States written by Niny Khor and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transportation for the Poor written by H.S. Maggied and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: William E. Bivens, III For the first time in more than 160years, the nation's rural areas and small towns are growing faster than its metropolitan areas. The 1980Census of Population shows that the nonmetropolitan population increased by 15.4010 during the 1970s, while the metropolitan population grew by only 9.1010. During the 1960s, rural areas and small towns had lost some 2.8 million people to cities and their suburbs, but during the 1970s at least 4 million more people moved into nonmetropolitan areas than left them. This rural oriented population growth resulted from a number of factors, including a strong preference for rural and small-town living, the decentralization of manufacturing and related services,energyand other mining developments, William E. Bivens,Ill, isthe Senior Policy Fellowfor Rural Affairs ofthe National Gover nors' Association. He is a rural development generalist providing liaison between the gover nors and federal officials and performing applied policy research to support improvements in rural development programs and systems for their delivery. Mr. Bivenswas one of the designers of the Carter Administration's Small Community and Rural Development Policy and provided the implementation link involving the formation of governors' rural development councils. Mr. Bivens attended Brown University and did postgraduate work at the University of Texas, where he also taught American government and politics. xiii xiv FOREWORD and comparatively high rural birthrates along with improved infant mortal ity rates.

Download or read book Evolution of Income Mobility in the People s Republic of China 1991 2002 written by Niny Khor and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Indonesian Rural Economy written by Thomas R Leinbach and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2003-10-30 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the most up-to-date and authoritative work on Indonesias rural non-farm development characteristics and potential. The essays, by experts and well-known specialists in the field, emphasize the changing importance of off-farm income, employment contributions of small enterprises, the role of gender and mobility in entrepreneurial behaviour and the policy implications for rural non-farm enterprises. A unique feature is the use of case studies to provide insights and context for activities. The book is both a summary of current knowledge and a call for new inquiries on this critical theme.

Download or read book Income Inequality in Rural China written by John Knight and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Household Income Mobility in India 1993 2011 written by Mehtabul Azam and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using nationally representative longitudinal survey, we examine income mobility among rural Indian households over 1993-2004 and 2004-2011. We use both absolute and relative measures of mobility. Absolute measures of mobility suggest higher income mobility during 2004-2011 compared to 1993-2004, and each social group witnessed higher income mobility over 2004-2011 compared to 1993-1994. Importantly, significant differentials in income mobility exist across the Hindu castes in both the time intervals: conditional on having similar rankings in base period income distribution, the Forward Hindu Caste households have the highest probability (lowest) of upward (downward) income mobility, followed by the Other Backward Caste, Scheduled Caste, and Scheduled Tribe households. Further controlling for district and household characteristics leads to reduction in the differentials in income mobility across social groups, however, significant differentials remain. We also examine income mobility among urban households over 2004-2011. Although social group differentials in income mobility also exist in urban areas, the differentials are lower in urban areas compared to rural areas. We also find that conditional on having similar rankings in base period national income distribution, urban households have higher probability to improve their rankings in national income distribution. We find similar patterns in social group differentials in mobility over 2004-2011 using the consumption expenditure as a measure of well-being.

Download or read book The Impact of China s Priority Forest Programs on Rural Households Income Mobility written by Liu Can and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, China has undertaken unprecedented forest programs in an effort to restore damaged ecosystems and increasing farmers' income. Using survey results of 2,070 rural households in 15 counties of six provinces, we estimate the effects of China's Priority Forest Programs (PFPs) on rural households' income mobility. The effects of the area enrolled in the PFPs on rural households are mixed. It appears that larger area enrolled in the Industrial Timber Plantation Program and the Sloping Land Conversion Program pushed up rural households' income mobility, whereas greater area enrolled in the Natural Forest Protection Program constrained their income mobility, and the size of enrollment in the Desertification Combating Program around Beijing and Tianjin and the Shelterbelt Development Program in the Three-North Regions and the Yangtze River Basin seem to have little effect on rural households' income mobility.

Download or read book A Broken Social Elevator How to Promote Social Mobility written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides new evidence on social mobility in the context of increased inequalities of income and opportunities in OECD and selected emerging economies. It covers the aspects of both, social mobility between parents and children and of personal income mobility over the life course, ...

Download or read book Social Mobility in Developing Countries written by Vegard Iversen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social mobility is the hope of economic development and the mantra of a good society. There are disagreements about what constitutes social mobility, but there is broad agreement that people should have roughly equal chances of success regardless of their economic status at birth. Concerns about rising inequality have engendered a renewed interest in social mobility--especially in the developing world. However, efforts to construct the databases and meet the standards required for conventional analyses of social mobility are at a preliminary stage and need to be complemented by innovative, conceptual, and methodological advances. If forms of mobility have slowed in the West, then we might be entering an age of rigid stratification with defined boundaries between the always-haves and the never-haves-which does not augur well for social stability. Social mobility research is ongoing, with substantive findings in different disciplines--typically with researchers in isolation from each other. A key contribution of this book is the pulling together of the emerging streams of knowledge. Generating policy-relevant knowledge is a principal concern. Three basic questions frame the study of diverse aspects of social mobility in the book. How to assess the extent of social mobility in a given development context when the datasets by conventional measurement techniques are unavailable? How to identify drivers and inhibitors of social mobility in particular developing country contexts? How to acquire the knowledge required to design interventions to raise social mobility, either by increasing upward mobility or by lowering downward mobility?

Download or read book Intrahousehold resource allocation and well being written by Fatimata Dia Sow and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-09-04 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this last decade, poverty in developing countries remains the most important topic of debate at the international level. The main challenge is how to build policies and programs on a gender perspective approach taking into account gender differences in behavior between male and female at the level of the household. This study is undertaken in a context of two earner partners living in mixed farming systems in Senegal where earnings come primarily from crops and livestock. This book provides substantial research focused on household decision-making regarding resource allocation and consumption. Moreover, it attempts to show empirical findings on the analysis of welfare and well-being through an innovative combination of subjective and objective methods. The research shows how important socioeconomic and cultural factors are in determining earnings from agricultural activities. Important determinants of productivity are related to women’s land access, non-labor income (transfers from migrants), and the wife's access to credit and health care. The research illustrates also that women's bargaining power may be strongly linked to their access to livestock resources, their mobility in purchasing food and medicine and their participation in the management of household finance. Analysis of decision-making regarding expenditures shows that women, more than men, value household goods (related to food, health and schooling expenditures) more than private goods. The results suggest that policies aimed at improving household livelihoods must understand gender differences, obligations and priorities.

Download or read book Does a Good Father Now Have to Be Rich Intergenerational Income Mobility in Rural India written by Abdul Raheem Shariq Mohammed and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For developing countries, it is difficult to find income mobility studies that rely on datasets linking parents with their children. Most of the available evidence for developing countries, instead, relies on co-resident households and two-sample instrumental variables approach, which are known to suffer from selection and prediction error. The current study rectifies this important omission for rural India, and develops strategies that will be useful for similar research in other developing countries. Using a panel dataset spanning 1994-2012, I find that the intergenerational income persistence for rural India is lower than analogous evidence from other developing countries. However, the between-groups coefficient of 0.74, which is corroborated by repeated cross-sections from the National Sample Survey, indicates that India is progressing towards cross-caste equality, but at a disappointingly slow rate.