Download or read book Incentives and Disincentives for Farmers in Developing Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Incentives and Disincentives for Farmers in Developing Countries written by Food and Agriculture Organization and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Providing Economic Incentives to Farmers Increases Food Production in Developing Countries Department of State Agency for International Development written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book World Review and Outlook written by Food and Agriculture Organization and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reducing Distortions to Agricultural Incentives written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the world's poorest people depend on farming for their livelihood. Earnings from farming in low-income countries are depressed partly due to a pro-urban bias in own-country policies, and partly because richer countries (including some developing countries) favor their farmers with import barriers and subsidies. Both sets of policies reduce national and global economic growth and add to inequality and poverty in developing countries. Acknowledgement of that since the 1980s has given rise to greater pressures for reform, both internal and external. Over the past two decades numerous developing country governments have reduced their sectoral and trade policy distortions, while many high-income countries continue with protectionist policies that harm developing country exports of farm products. Recent research suggests that the agricultural protectionist policies of high-income countries reduce welfare in many developing countries. Most of those studies also suggest that full global liberalization of merchandise trade would raise value added in agriculture in developing country regions, and that much of the benefit from global reform would come not just from reform in high-income countries but also from liberalization among developing countries, including in many cases own-country reform. These findings raise three key questions that are addressed in this paper: To what extent have the reforms of the past two decades succeeded in reducing distortions to agricultural incentives? Do current policy distortions still discriminate against farmers in low-income countries? And what are the prospects for further reform in the next decade or so?
Download or read book Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-03-13 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast majority of the world s poorest households depend on farming for their livelihoods. During the 1960s and 1970s, most developing countries imposed pro-urban and anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Although progress has been made over the past two decades to reduce those policy biases, many trade- and welfare-reducing price distortions remain between agriculture and other sectors and within the agricultural sector of both rich and poor countries. Comprehensive empirical studies of the disarray in world agricultural markets appeared approximately 20 years ago. Since then, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development has provided estimates each year of market distortions in high-income countries, but there have been no comparable estimates for the world s developing countries. This volume is the third in a series (other volumes cover Asia, Europe s transition economies, and Latin America and the Caribbean) that not only fills that void for recent years but extends the estimates in a consistent and comparable way back in time and provides analytical narratives for scores of countries that shed light on the evolving nature and extent of policy interventions over the past half-century. 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa' provides an overview of the evolution of distortions to agricultural incentives caused by price and trade policies in the Arab Republic of Egypt plus 20 countries that account for about of 90 percent of Sub-Saharan Africa s population, farm households, agricultural output, and overall GDP. Sectoral, trade, and exchange rate policies in the region have changed greatly since the 1950s, and there have been substantial reforms since the 1980s. Nonetheless, numerous price distortions in this region remain, others have been added in recent years, and there has also been some backsliding, such as in Zimbabwe. The new empirical indicators in these country studies provide a strong evidence-based foundation for assessing the successes and failures of the past and for evaluating policy options for the years ahead.
Download or read book Measuring Distortions to Agricultural Incentives Revisited written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Notwithstanding the tariffication component of the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, import tariffs on farm products continue to provide an incomplete indication of the extent to which agricultural producer and consumer incentives are distorted in national markets. Especially in developing countries, non-agricultural policies indirectly impact agricultural and food markets. Empirical analysis aimed at monitoring distortions to agricultural incentives thus need to examine both agricultural and non-agricultural policy measures including import or export taxes, subsidies and quantitative restrictions, plus domestic taxes or subsidies on farm outputs or inputs and consumer subsidies for food staples. This paper addresses the practical methodological issues that need to be faced when attempting to undertake such a measurement task in developing countries. The approach is illustrated in two ways: by presenting estimates of nominal and relative rates of assistance to farmers in China for the period 1981 to 2005; and by summarizing estimates from an economy-wide computable general equilibrium model of the effects on agricultural versus non-agricultural markets of the project's measured distortions globally as of 2004.
Download or read book Disincentives to Agricultural Production in Developing Countries written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Disincentives to Agricultural Production in Developing Countries written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The State of Food and Agriculture 1968 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The State of Food and Agriculture 1967 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Providing Economic Incentives to Farmers Increases Food Production in Developing Countries written by Comptroller General of the United States and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The State of Food and Agriculture written by FAO/WHO symposium Rome and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reducing Distortions to Agricultural Incentives written by Kym Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the world's poorest people depend on farming for their livelihood. Earnings from farming in low-income countries are depressed partly due to a pro-urban bias in own-country policies, and partly because richer countries (including some developing countries) favor their farmers with import barriers and subsidies. Both sets of policies reduce national and global economic growth and add to inequality and poverty in developing countries. Acknowledgement of that since the 1980s has given rise to greater pressures for reform, both internal and external. Over the past two decades numerous developing country governments have reduced their sectoral and trade policy distortions, while many high-income countries continue with protectionist policies that harm developing country exports of farm products. Recent research suggests that the agricultural protectionist policies of high-income countries reduce welfare in many developing countries. Most of those studies also suggest that full global liberalization of merchandise trade would raise value added in agriculture in developing country regions, and that much of the benefit from global reform would come not just from reform in high-income countries but also from liberalization among developing countries, including in many cases own-country reform. These findings raise three key questions that are addressed in this paper: To what extent have the reforms of the past two decades succeeded in reducing distortions to agricultural incentives? Do current policy distortions still discriminate against farmers in low-income countries? And what are the prospects for further reform in the next decade or so?
Download or read book International Trade Policies Affecting Agricultural Incentives in Developing Countries written by Kym Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, earnings from farming in many developing countries have been depressed by a pro-urban bias in own-country policies, as well as by governments of richer countries favoring their farmers with import barriers and subsidies. Both sets of policies reduce national and global economic welfare and inhibit economic growth. In particular, they add to inequality and poverty in developing countries, since three-quarters of the world?s billion poorest people depend directly or indirectly on farming for their livelihood. During the past two decades, however, numerous developing country governments have reduced their sectoral and trade policy distortions, while some high-income countries also have begun reforming their protectionist farm policies. This chapter surveys the changing extent of policy distortions to prices faced by developing country farmers. After outlining the basic measurement theory, the chapter provides a brief history of policies of advanced and developing economies and then surveys empirical studies that document the changing extent of price distortions over the past half century. It reviews the economic effects of policy reforms since the early 1980s and of interventions remaining in the early part of the present century, according to global economy wide modeling resuits. The chapter concludes by pointing to the scope and prospects for further pro-poor policy reform at home and abroad.
Download or read book Providing Economic Incentives to Farmers Increases Food Production in Developing Countries written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing Economic Incentives to Farmers Increases Food Production in Developing Countries
Download or read book Policy Reforms Affecting Agricultural Incentives written by Kym Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
