Download or read book In Vivo Intraosseous Temperature During Implant Placement the Influence of the Drilling Protocol Implant Surface and Surface Lubrication A Study in Sheep written by Michele Stocchero and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background Bone overheating during osteotomy preparation for dental implant has been extensively investigated. However, thermal changes during implant insertion were seldom reported. Several factors might influence heat generation, such as the osteotomy dimension, implant surface and the friction between implant and bone. A common approach to reach high levels of primary stability is to undersize the implant osteotomy and the use of rough implant surfaces, which might increase the risk of bone overheating.Aim/ Hypothesis The aim was to evaluate the in vivo bone temperature change at implant placement using different osteotomy dimensions, implant surfaces and frictional characteristics. It is hypothesized that the insertion in an undersized osteotomy would generate a greater temperature change.Materials and Methods On ten female Finnish Dorset crossbred sheep, four implants were placed in both metatarsal bones. To modify the implant-bone friction, the presence of a lubricant body fluid (sheep saliva) was tested. Eight experimental groups were created based on the following features: undersized and conventional osteotomy, moderately rough and turned surface, presence and absence of a lubricant fluid on the implant surface (Table 1). Intraosseous bone temperature was measured with a type-K thermocouple. The position of the sensor tip was at the distance of 1 mm from implant surface and depth of 2mm from bone surface. Bone temperature was continuously measured from just before implant placement until 1 minute after the implant placement. Maximum and minimum values were registered. The values of temperature change for each implant were calculated. Three-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the influence of the osteotomy preparation, implant surface and frictional characteristics.ResultsThe mean values of temperature change were 6.4 8,2, 4.0, 5.1, 8.1, 9.6, 3.4, and 5.2 degrees Celsious increase respectively from Group 1 to 8 (Figure 1). Regarding the surgical drilling protocol, the overall test showed that undersized groups showed significantly higher temperature than conventional osteotomy groups (P value = 0.000). In the presence or absence of a lubricant body fluid, the overall test showed that absence of a lubricant body fluid, showed significant higher temperature change than when it was present (P value = 0.002). Differences of implant surface topography, the overall test presented no statistical differences between moderately rough surface and turned surface (P value = 0.651).Conclusions and Clinical implications Intraosseous temperature change during implant insertion was mainly affected by osteotomy dimension. Undersized osteotomy induces a greater risk of bone overheating. The presence of a lubricant fluid on implant surface reduced the temperature increase, while surface characteristics did not show any influence on temperature modifications. To reduce the risk of implant failure due to bone overheating, implant installation in undersized sites should be cautiously performed in cortical bone.

Download or read book Effects of Saliva Contamination on Osseointegration During Dental Implant Surgery in Augmented Areas written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background It is suggested that multiple risk factors are involved in implant failure. According to the original osseointegration concept, an implant surgery under sterile conditions was advocated. However, all surfaces in the oral cavity are moisturised by saliva, which itself contain approximately 110 bacteria per millilitre. Consequently, there is a risk that implant and bone are contaminated during incision, osteotomy, implant insertion and bone augmentation procedures.Aim/Hypothesis The aim of this in vivo study is to investigate whether osseointegration is affected by saliva contamination during dental implant placement in an augmented site. It was hypothesized that saliva contamination during implant insertion in augmented area has a negative effect on osseointegration.Materials and Methods (984/1000 characters max)Six sheep were used in the present study. In the calvaria bone of each sheep, six bone defects, 8 mm in diameter of hemispheric shape were created and filled with three different bone graft materials. Autogenous bone, bovine bone mixed with autogenous bone (50:50), and biphasic ceramic bone substitute were used respectively. After 5 weeks of healing, 36 dental implants (Nobel Biocare Mark III, machined surface, 3.75 X 7mm), including 18 contaminated implants with fresh human saliva (Group SC) and 18 implants with no contamination (Group NC) were randomized installed in the centre of the augmented areas. After a healing period of 5 weeks, bone blocks containing implants were retrieved, and undecalcified ground sections were fabricated. For histomorphometric analysis, bone to implant contact (BIC), bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO), bone and material area (BMA) and bone area (BA) were measured. The statistical analyses were performed at a statistical difference of 0.05.Results All groups showed no inflammation signs around the implants and osseointegration in residual bone area. The overall test revealed a significantly lower amount of BIC in Group SC compared to Group NC (P=0.036) in the augmented area, however no significant difference in the area of the pre-existing bone (P=0.429). For BAFO, BMA and BA, there were no significant differences between Group SC and Group NC.Conclusion and Clinical implication Within the limitations of the present in vivo model, it was shown that saliva contamination during dental implant placement in augmented area, significantly affected the bone formation on the implant surface (BIC), however presented less effect on bone formation in areas more distant from the implant surface. The results indicate that it might be crucial to pay attention to saliva contamination during implant placement in an augmented area.

Download or read book The Effects of Implant Temperature on Lubricant Protein Precipitation and Polyethylene Wear in Joint Simulation Studies written by Y-S Liao and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implant temperature increases as soon as a wear test starts. Frictional heating is the main reason for the temperature increase. Factors that affect the magnitude of the increase include the thermal conductivity of the implant materials, testing speed, and serum volume of the test chamber. High implant temperature can cause precipitation of soluble proteins in the serum lubricant. The protein precipitates can form a film at the wear interface and may affect laboratory wear evaluation of polyethylene liners. The effects of the implant temperature (of cobalt-chromium and zirconia femoral components) and the amount of protein precipitation from serum lubricant on the wear of UHMWPE liners has been demonstrated in a previous study using an external temperature control device. Furthermore, the nonlinear relationship of the implant temperature and the polyethylene wear has been discussed in another study, using moderately crosslinked UHMWPE liners tested against cobalt-chromium, zirconia, and alumina/zirconia composite femoral components at various temperatures. The results from both studies demonstrated that the temperature around the hip joint implants during a simulation can affect the wear rate of polyethylene. One guideline for minimizing the thermal effects on in vitro testing include circulation of coolant at an appropriate temperature to avoid overheating (due to nonstop running of the simulator) thus preventing excessive protein precipitation. This recommendation should help producing wear surfaces and wear debris that are more comparable to in vivo outcomes.

Download or read book Effect of High Insertion Torque on the Coronal Surface Roughness of Implants with Different Macro geometries An In Vitro Study written by zeev ormianer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background. Numerous studies are dealing with implants placement using different torque degrees. Most of them studied the effect of the torque values on the tissues both the bone and the soft tissue housing the implants in short and long term. Too little is described what is the effect of the friction created between the implant's high insertion torque and the bone, on the average roughness of the implant surface as supplied by the manufacturer. Aim.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different osteotomy diameters on the coronal surface roughness of standard implants, which is thought to be an important factor among others, for successful osseointegration.Materials and Methods. 100 coronally shaped micro u2013threads (NEO 3.75 mm, Alpha- Biou00ae) and 100 coronally shaped microu2013ring implants (SPI 3.75 mm Alpha- Biou00ae) were examined. Each group was divided into 4 groups of 25 implants. Sub- groups 1, 2 and 3 were inserted into bone analogs (Bone-simu00ae) with prepared decreasing osteotomies diameters of 3.65, 3.2 and 2.8 mm respectively. The insertion torque and temperature during the installation of the implant into the different diameters were monitored. Group 4, composed of implants taken from the original packages and subjected to surface roughness measurements served as control and a reference value for the inserted implants . Surface topography of the coronal surfaces of each implant of test groups was scanned using Nanofocus u03bcsurf explorer (Nanofocusu00ae) , and values were compared to the control group roughness. Results.For both groups highest insertion torque and temperature values were measured during implants insertion into 2.8 mm osteotomies (NEO: 243.26u00b136.77Ncm, 44.82u00bau00b114.34u00ba ; SPI: 239.10u00b129.50[Ncm] , 38.86u00bau00b17.52u00ba), (p

Download or read book Heat Transmission Along the Surface of Dental Implant written by Zaheed Patel and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectives: Temperature changes along an implant body have not been widely studied. The objectives of this in vitro study were (i) to establish if the temperature of the abutment influences the temperature of the implant surface, (ii) to establish the temperature transmission from abutment to implant body, and (iii) to establish for what abutment temperature the critical time/temperature threshold of 47oC for 1 minute at implant level is reached.

Download or read book Microtomographic Evaluation of a New Implant Surface in a Challenging Bone Model Study in Rabbit written by Bruna Ghiraldini and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Surface characteristics of dental implants, such as roughness and chemistry, have a direct influence on bone response. Previous studies have shown that changes in implant microtopography may increase in vivo bone-to-implant contact and lead to improved bone anchorage. Sinus lift procedure is a safe and predictable method to gain bone height for implant placement. Diverse bone substitutes have been used for sinus lifting, with results comparable to those achieved when using autogenous bone.Aim: To micro-tomographically evaluate, in a challenging bone model (sinus lift procedure with anorganic bovine bone and immediate implant placement), the biologic response to a new implant surface, modified by the addition of nano-hydroxyapatite, comparing it to a double acid etched implant surface.Material and Methods: Sinus lifting procedures were performed bilaterally in 8 rabbits. Bone windows were prepared using a trephine bur, Then, the sinus mucosa was elevated, and the implant sites were prepared 3 mm mesially to the windows. Before placing the mini-implants, anorganic bovine bone grafts were inserted into both sinuses. After that, mini implants were randomly installed in prepared sites: in one sinus, double acid etched surface (DAA group); in the other, nano-hydroxyapatite surface (NHA group) implant. Collagen membranes were positioned over the windows and flaps were sutured. The rabbits were euthanized 4 weeks after surgery and biopsies were collected for analysis. Tomographic Tridimensional Bone to Implant Contact (IS/TS), Bone Volume Fraction (BV/TV), Trabecular Thickness (Tb.Th), Trabecular Number (Tb.N), and Total Porosity (To.po) were evaluated in the bone between and outside (adjacent bone) implant threads. Intra and Inter-groups differences were assessed by Student's t-test (p0.05). Results: Healing was uneventfully for all animals. After 4 weeks, for the bone analysis inside the threads, IS/TS for double acid etched and nano-hydroxyapatite implants showed comparable results, with mean values of 9,95 u00b1 0,17% vs. 10,01 u00b1 0,10% (p 0.05), respectively; the mean values of Total Bone Porosity was 75,77 u00b1 3,47% for NHA and 76,74 u00b1 3,08% for DAA (p > 0.05); for BV/TV, mean values were 24,23 u00b1 3,17% for NHA group and 23,26 u00b1 3,08% for DAA group (p> 0.05); for Tb.Th, there were not significant differences between NHA (0,060 u00b1 0,003mm) versus DAA groups (0,061 u00b1 0,004mm); for Tb.N, NHA group mean was 3.80 u00b1 0.43 and DAA group mean was 3.74 u00b1 0.39, without statistically significant differences (p>0.05). Bone analysis for outside the threads also showed no statistically significant differences between groups for all parameters, and no intra-group (inside versus outsite thread bone evaluation) statistically significant differences were observed (p>0.05 for all parameters).Conclusion and Clinical implications: It was concluded, in this pilot study assessing early implant evaluation in a challenging bone model, that micro-tomographical bone parameters were similar both for double acid etched and nano-hydroxyapatite surface implants. Further studies analyzing longer healing times and with histomorphometric evaluation are suggested.

Download or read book Accuracy of Template Guided Placement of Immediate Vs Late Implants in Vitro written by Werner Millesi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Predictable results and low positional deviation may be achieved when dental implants are placed via stereolithographic templates in the healed alveolar ridge. However, when guided implant placement into fresh extraction sockets is attempted, drilling precision may be compromised due to the steep angle between drill and alveolar wall.Aim: To investigate the influence of drilling protocol as well as angle between drill and bone on the precision of template-guided implant placement in an artificial bone and soft tissue model of a human maxilla.Materials and Methods: Four different angles between drill and bone surface were investigated (69 drills each): 10u00b0, 20u00b0, 30u00b0 (representing immediate implant placement) and 90u00b0 (representing late implant placement). The drilling protocol involved 2mm pilot drills with or without prior use of precision drills. Differences were evaluated via Wilcoxon tests and multivariate regession analysis.Resultats: No difference in angular deviation of late implants (2.5u00b0) was observed between both drilling protocols. A significantly higher deviation of immediate implants was seen at 10u00b0-30u00b0 angle (p

Download or read book Biomaterials written by S.V. Bhat and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As biomaterials are used in medical devices, meeting needs in such diverse surgical disciplines as ophthalmology, cardiology, neuromuscular surgery, orthopaedics, dentistry, etc., they must have intimate contact with patient's tissue or body fluids, providing a real physical interface which seriously restricts developments. This book is written for those who would like to advance their knowledge of biomaterials. The subject matter of the book is divided into twelve chapters dealing with the structure and relationship of biological and man-made biomaterials. The application of these materials for various medical devices, and recent developments in tissue engineering, are also discussed.

Download or read book Polymeric Drug Delivery Systems written by Glen S. Kwon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-04-12 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizing four major classes of polymers for drug delivery-water-soluble polymers, hydrogels, biodegradable polymers, and polymer assemblies-this reference surveys efforts to adapt, modify, and tailor polymers for challenging molecules such as poorly water-soluble compounds, peptides/proteins, and plasmid DNA.

Download or read book Repair and Regeneration of Ligaments Tendons and Joint Capsule written by William R. Walsh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-28 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and authoritative review of the most important scientific and clinically relevant topics today in ligaments, tendons, and capsular biology, including their biomechanics and surgical reconstruction. The authors review the basic science of tendons in the hand and shoulder ligaments, the current clinical status of the shoulder and cruciate ligaments, and the latest advances in research on the healing of ligament and tendon to bone, artificial ligaments, and gene therapy. They also cover the major type 1 collagen soft tissues that are of particular interest to upper extremity surgeons and sports medicine specialists.

Download or read book Cartilage Repair Strategies written by Riley J. Williams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-23 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this book is to create a comprehensive analysis of cartilage injury and repair strategies. Twenty chapters cover proven and emerging procedures and methodologies. Readers will be able to understand the clinical problem, appropriate diagnosis, and repair strategies relevant to first line and secondary cartilage repair procedures.

Download or read book Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient written by James W. Little and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Adult Hip written by John J. Callaghan and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2007 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its Second Edition, this two-volume reference is the only current book available that focuses on the adult hip. More than 100 chapters by the foremost leaders in hip surgery provide comprehensive coverage of disorders of the adult hip—from practical basic science to detailed surgical techniques including hip arthroscopy and developing techniques in minimally invasive surgery. More than 2,600 illustrations complement the text. This edition has new chapters on minimally invasive surgery of the hip. Other new topics covered include use of fiber metal mesh in acetabular revision reconstruction, revision press-fit Wagner type of stems, and implant retrievals.

Download or read book Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries written by Gregory C. Fanelli, MD and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in a revised and expanded second edition including ten new chapters, this classic text on the diagnosis and management of posterior cruciate ligament injuries represents the state of the art. Comprehensive and used-friendly, the book covers PCL anatomy and biomechanics, diagnosis and evaluation, and both surgical and non-surgical treatment strategies. Surgical chapters discuss graft selection and open and arthroscopic techniques, including both primary and revision surgery and combined reconstruction with other knee ligaments. New chapters illustrate cutting-edge and advanced surgical techniques in reconstruction and primary repair, articular cartilage resurfacing and meniscus transplant in the PCL injured knee, mechanical graft tensioning, the role of osteotomy, treatment of PCL injuries in children, results of treatment and outcomes data in PCL injuries, clinical case studies, and the editor’s experience chapter based on 24 years of treating PCL injuries. Complications, bracing and rehabilitation round out the presentation. Written and edited by leaders in the management of injuries to the knee, this will be an invaluable text for orthopedic surgeons and sports medicine practitioners alike.

Download or read book Essentials of Anesthesia for Infants and Neonates written by Mary Ellen McCann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, comprehensive guide to the special needs of infants and neonates undergoing anesthesia.

Download or read book The Thumb written by Sang Hyun Woo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, globally renowned orthopedic, plastic, and hand surgeons provide the knowledge required in order to understand and resolve the full range of problems associated with diseases, anomalies, deformities, and trauma of the thumb. The opening section describes the history of “making a thumb” and covers the fundamentals of anatomy, embryology, and functional dynamics. After careful presentation of the surgical procedures for various developmental anomalies of the thumb, subsequent sections focus on the treatment of bone and joint, tendon, and nerve problems encountered in patients with different diseases and injuries. All aspects of the surgical management of benign and malignant tumors of the thumb are then described. The final section is devoted to current and emerging treatments for trauma, including amputation and microsurgical and non-microsurgical reconstruction. The text is supported by superb clinical photographs as well as high-quality schematic drawings and video clips. The book will be of value not only to practicing surgeons but also to residents and medical students.

Download or read book Bone Pathology written by Jasvir S. Khurana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone Pathology is the second edition of the book, A Compendium of Skeletal Pathology that published 10 years ago. Similar to the prior edition, this book complements standard pathology texts and blends new but relatively established information on the molecular biology of the bone. Serving as a bench-side companion to the surgical pathologist, this new edition reflects new advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of bone. New chapters on soft-tissue sarcomas and soft-tissue tumors have been added as well as several additional chapters such as Soft-tissue pathology and Biomechanics. The volume is written by experts who are established in the field of musculoskeletal diseases. Bone Pathology is a combined effort from authors of different specialties including surgeons, pathologists, radiologists and basic scientists all of whom have in common an interest in bone diseases. It will be of great value to surgical pathology residents as well as practicing pathologists, skeletal radiologists, orthopedic surgeons and medical students.