Download or read book In Silico Driven Metabolic Engineering Towards Enhancing Biofuel and Biochemical Production written by Richard Adam Thompson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of a secure and sustainable energy economy is likely to require the production of fuels and commodity chemicals in a renewable manner. There has been renewed interest in biological commodity chemical production recently, in particular focusing on non-edible feedstocks. The fields of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have arisen in the past 20 years to address the challenge of chemical production from biological feedstocks. Metabolic modeling is a powerful tool for studying the metabolism of an organism and predicting the effects of metabolic engineering strategies. Various techniques have been developed for modeling cellular metabolism, with the underlying principle of mass balance driving the analysis. In this dissertation, two industrially relevant organisms were examined for their potential to produce biofuels. First, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to create biodiesel in the form of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) through expression of a heterologous acyl-transferase enzyme. Several genetic manipulations of lipid metabolic and / or degradation pathways were rationally chosen to enhance FAEE production, and then culture conditions were modified to enhance FAEE production further. The results were used to identify the rate-limiting step in FAEE production, and provide insight to further optimization of FAEE production. Next, Clostridium thermocellum, a cellulolytic thermophile with great potential for consolidated bioprocessing but a weakly understood metabolism, was investigated for enhanced ethanol production. To accomplish the analysis, two models were created for C. thermocellum metabolism. The core metabolic model was used with extensive fermentation data to elucidate kinetic bottlenecks hindering ethanol production. The genome scale metabolic model was constructed and tuned using extensive fermentation data as well, and the refined model was used to investigate complex cellular phenotypes with Flux Balance Analysis. The work presented within provide a platform for continued study of S. cerevisiae and C. thermocellum for the production of valuable biofuels and biochemicals.
Download or read book Metabolic Regulation and Metabolic Engineering for Biofuel and Biochemical Production written by Kazuyuki Shimizu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global warming problem is becoming critical year by year, causing climate disaster all over the world, where it has been believed that the CO2 gas emitted from the factories and the burning of fossil fuels may be one of the reasons of global warming. Moreover, the global stock of fossil fuels is limited, and may run out soon within several tens of years. Although wind, geo-thermal, and tide energies have been considered as clean energy sources, those depend on the land or sea locations and subject to the climate change. Biofuel and biochemical production from renewable bio-resources has thus been paid recent attention from environmental protection and energy production points of view, where the current chemical and energy producing plants can be also utilized with slight modification. The so-called 1st generation biofuels have been produced from corn starch and sugarcane in particular in USA and Brazil. However, this causes the problem of the so-called "food and energy issues" as the production scale increases. The 2nd generation biofuel production from lingo-cellulosic biomass or wastes has thus been paid recent attention. However, it requires energy intensive pretreatment for the degradation of lingo-cellulosic biomass, and the fermentation is slow due to low growth rate, and thus the productivity of biofuels and bio-chemicals is low. The 3rd generation biofuel production from photosynthetic organisms such as cyanobacteria and algae has been also paid attention, because such organisms can grow with only sun light and CO2 in the air, but the cell growth rate and thus the productivity of the fuels is significantly low. The main part or core of such production processes is the fermentation by micro-organisms. In particular, it is critical to properly understand the cell metabolism followed by the efficient metabolic engineering. The book gives comprehensive explanation of the cell metabolism and the metabolic regulation mechanisms of a variety of micro-organisms. Then the efficient metabolic engineering approaches are explained to properly design the microbial cell factories for the efficient cell growth and biofuel and biochemical production.
Download or read book Genetic and Metabolic Engineering for Improved Biofuel Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass written by Arindam Kuila and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-02-19 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic and Metabolic Engineering for Improved Biofuel Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass describes the different aspects of biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. Each chapter presents different technological approaches for cost effective liquid biofuel production from agroresidues/biomass. Two chapters cover future direction and the possibilities of biomass-based biofuel production at the industrial level. The book provides a genetic and metabolic engineering approach for improved cellulase production and the potential of strains that can ferment both pentose and hexose sugars. The book also gives direction on how to overcome challenges for the further advancement of lignocellulosic biomass-based biofuel production. Covers genetic engineering approaches for higher cellulase production from fungi Includes genetic and metabolic engineering approaches for development of potential pentose and hexose fermenting strain which can tolerate high ethanol and toxic phenolic compounds Describe different bioreactors used in different steps of biomass-based biofuel production Outlines future prospects and potential of biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass
Download or read book Metabolic Engineering written by Sang Yup Lee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 1075 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn more about foundational and advanced topics in metabolic engineering in this comprehensive resource edited by leaders in the field Metabolic Engineering: Concepts and Applications delivers a one-stop resource for readers seeking a complete description of the concepts, models, and applications of metabolic engineering. This guide offers practical insights into the metabolic engineering of major cell lines, including E. Coli, Bacillus and Yarrowia Lipolytica, and organisms, including human, animal, and plant). The distinguished editors also offer readers resources on microbiome engineering and the use of metabolic engineering in bioremediation. Written in two parts, Metabolic Engineering begins with the essential models and strategies of the field, like Flux Balance Analysis, Quantitative Flux Analysis, and Proteome Constrained Models. It also provides an overview of topics like Pathway Design, Metabolomics, and Genome Editing of Bacteria and Eukarya. The second part contains insightful descriptions of the practical applications of metabolic engineering, including specific examples that shed light on the topics within. In addition to subjects like the metabolic engineering of animals, humans, and plants, you’ll learn more about: Metabolic engineering concepts and a historical perspective on their development The different modes of analysis, including flux balance analysis and quantitative flux analysis An illuminating and complete discussion of the thermodynamics of metabolic pathways The Genome architecture of E. coli, as well as genome editing of both bacteria and eukarya An in-depth treatment of the application of metabolic engineering techniques to organisms including corynebacterial, bacillus, and pseudomonas, and more Perfect for students of biotechnology, bioengineers, and biotechnologists, Metabolic Engineering: Concepts and Applications also has a place on the bookshelves of research institutes, biotechnological institutes and industry labs, and university libraries. It's comprehensive treatment of all relevant metabolic engineering concepts, models, and applications will be of use to practicing biotechnologists and bioengineers who wish to solidify their understanding of the field.
Download or read book Metabolic Engineering written by Jens Nielsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-07-03 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic engineering is a rapidly evolving field that is being applied for the optimization of many different industrial processes. In this issue of Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, developments in different areas of metabolic engineering are reviewed. The contributions discuss the application of metabolic engineering in the improvement of yield and productivity - illustrated by amino acid production and the production of novel compounds - in the production of polyketides and extension of the substrate range - and in the engineering of S. cerevisiae for xylose metabolism, and the improvement of a complex biotransformation process.
Download or read book Metabolic Pathway Engineering written by Jean F. Challacombe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-07-14 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic systems engineering combines the tools and approaches of systems biology, synthetic biology, and evolutionary engineering. This book reviews studies on metabolism, from the earliest work of Lavoisier and Buchner to current cutting-edge research in metabolic systems engineering. This technology has been used in bioengineering applications to create high-performing microbes and plants that produce important chemicals, pharmaceuticals, crops, and other natural products. Current applications include optimizing metabolic pathways to enhance degradation of biomass for biofuel production and accelerated processing of environmental waste products and contaminants. The book includes examples to illustrate the applications of this technology in the optimization of metabolic pathways to create robust industrial strains as well as in the engineering of biological processes involving health and diseases of humans, animals, and plants. Written by a seasoned computational biologist with many years of experience in genomics, bioinformatics, and systems biology, this book will appeal to anyone interested in metabolic systems analysis and metabolic pathway engineering.
Download or read book Yeast Metabolic Engineering written by Valeria Mapelli and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2014-04-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yeast Metabolic Engineering: Methods and Protocols provides the widely established basic tools used in yeast metabolic engineering, while describing in deeper detail novel and innovative methods that have valuable potential to improve metabolic engineering strategies in industrial biotechnology applications. Beginning with an extensive section on molecular tools and technology for yeast engineering, this detailed volume is not limited to methods for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but describes tools and protocols for engineering other yeasts of biotechnological interest, such as Pichia pastoris, Hansenula polymorpha and Zygosaccharomyces bailii. Tools and technologies for the investigation and determination of yeast metabolic features are described in detail as well as metabolic models and their application for yeast metabolic engineering, while a chapter describing patenting and regulations with a special glance at yeast biotechnology closes the volume. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, most chapters include an introduction to their respective topic, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and authoritative, Yeast Metabolic Engineering: Methods and Protocols aims to familiarize researchers with the current state of these vital and increasingly useful technologies.
Download or read book Use of Process Design and Metabolic Engineering to Enhance Bioconversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass and Glycerol to Biofuels written by Chidozie Victor Agu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent efforts to reduce dependency on food-based substrates for industrial applications aim towards the use of inexpensive and readily available non-food based substrates such as lignocellulosic biomass (LB) and biodiesel-derived glycerol. Interestingly, the utilization of lignocellulosic sugars for biofuel production is contingent on the disruption of recalcitrant LB cell wall structure prior to enzyme hydrolysis. Disruption and hydrolysis processes generate lignocellulose-derived microbial inhibitory compounds (LDMIC) including acids, aldehydes and phenolics. Additionally, fermentation of glycerol to butanol, a next-generation biofuel, is hampered by the inability of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052, a butanol fermentation workhorse, to efficiently metabolize glycerol. Therefore, this study investigated novel strategies for enhancing butanol and ethanol production through process design and metabolic engineering. Towards process design, the bacterium Cupriavidus basilensis ATCC®BAA-699 was used to detoxify 98% of the LDMIC present in acid-pretreated Miscanthus giganteus (MG) lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates. Fermentation of the detoxified MG hydrolysates by C. beijerinckii resulted in 70%, 50%, and 73% improvement in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) concentration, yield and productivity, respectively, when compared to the fermentation of undetoxified MG hydrolysates. The second objective was to explore metabolic engineering strategies to enhance glycerol utilization by C. beijerinckii and improve butanol production in the presence of LDMIC. To realize this objective, genes that encode glycerol dehydrogenases (Gldh) and dihydroxyacetone kinase (Dhak) in a hyper-glycerol utilizing bacterium (Clostridium pasteurianum ATCC 6013) were systematically cloned into C. beijerinckii. By over-expressing two C. pasteurianum Gldh genes (dhaD1+gldA1) as a fusion protein in C. beijerinckii, we achieved 50% increase in cell growth, ABE production (up to 40%), and enhanced rate of furfural detoxification (up to 68%) during the fermentation of furfural-challenged (4 to 6 g/L) glucose+glycerol medium. Further, co-expression of dhaD1+gldA1 resulted in significant payoff in cell growth (57%), glycerol consumption (14%), and ABE productivity (27.3%) compared to over-expression of a single Gldh. In parallel, while co-expression of dhak and gldA1 in C. beijerinckii improved glycerol consumption by 37% relative to the plasmid control, over-expression of all three genes (dhaD1+gldA1+dhak) improved butanol production by >50% in the presence of 5 and 6 g/L furfural relative to the plasmid control. Objective 3 aimed to develop a high-throughput alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-dependent assay for screening hyper- or hypo- butanol producing C. beijerinckii mutant libraries. Screening of the activities of ADHs from different microorganisms showed that Thermotoga hypogea derived ADH has ~7-fold activity towards butanol than ethanol. It was rationalized that T. hypogea ADH can be used to selectively quantify butanol in the presence ofethanol (e.g., in ABE broth). Objective 4 aimed to use allopurinol to inhibit xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase and improve ethanol fermentation of LB hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Allopurinol increased S. cerevisiae growth (19%), ethanol titer (21%), ethanol productivity (20%), ethanol yield (24%), and the chronological lifespan of S. cerevisiae (>16 h) during the fermentation of 100% corn stover hydrolysate. Taken together, this study encompasses novel strategies to enhance LB and glycerol utilization and potentially improve the economics of biobutanol and bioethanol production.
Download or read book MATLAB for Machine Learning written by Giuseppe Ciaburro and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2017-08-28 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extract patterns and knowledge from your data in easy way using MATLAB About This Book Get your first steps into machine learning with the help of this easy-to-follow guide Learn regression, clustering, classification, predictive analytics, artificial neural networks and more with MATLAB Understand how your data works and identify hidden layers in the data with the power of machine learning. Who This Book Is For This book is for data analysts, data scientists, students, or anyone who is looking to get started with machine learning and want to build efficient data processing and predicting applications. A mathematical and statistical background will really help in following this book well. What You Will Learn Learn the introductory concepts of machine learning. Discover different ways to transform data using SAS XPORT, import and export tools, Explore the different types of regression techniques such as simple & multiple linear regression, ordinary least squares estimation, correlations and how to apply them to your data. Discover the basics of classification methods and how to implement Naive Bayes algorithm and Decision Trees in the Matlab environment. Uncover how to use clustering methods like hierarchical clustering to grouping data using the similarity measures. Know how to perform data fitting, pattern recognition, and clustering analysis with the help of MATLAB Neural Network Toolbox. Learn feature selection and extraction for dimensionality reduction leading to improved performance. In Detail MATLAB is the language of choice for many researchers and mathematics experts for machine learning. This book will help you build a foundation in machine learning using MATLAB for beginners. You'll start by getting your system ready with t he MATLAB environment for machine learning and you'll see how to easily interact with the Matlab workspace. We'll then move on to data cleansing, mining and analyzing various data types in machine learning and you'll see how to display data values on a plot. Next, you'll get to know about the different types of regression techniques and how to apply them to your data using the MATLAB functions. You'll understand the basic concepts of neural networks and perform data fitting, pattern recognition, and clustering analysis. Finally, you'll explore feature selection and extraction techniques for dimensionality reduction for performance improvement. At the end of the book, you will learn to put it all together into real-world cases covering major machine learning algorithms and be comfortable in performing machine learning with MATLAB. Style and approach The book takes a very comprehensive approach to enhance your understanding of machine learning using MATLAB. Sufficient real-world examples and use cases are included in the book to help you grasp the concepts quickly and apply them easily in your day-to-day work.
Download or read book Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology for Increasing Biofuel Production in Microalgae written by Robert Edward Jinkerson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biotechnology for Biofuel Production and Optimization written by Carrie A Eckert and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology for Biofuel Production and Optimization is the compilation of current research findings that cover the entire process of biofuels production from manipulation of genes and pathways to organisms and renewable feedstocks for efficient biofuel production as well as different cultivation techniques and process scale-up considerations. This book captures recent breakthroughs in the interdisciplinary areas of systems and synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and bioprocess engineering for renewable, cleaner sources of energy. Describes state-of-the-art engineering of metabolic pathways for the production of a variety of fuel molecules Discusses recent advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering for rational design, construction, evaluation of novel pathways and cell chassis Covers genome engineering technologies to address complex biofuel-tolerant phenotypes for enhanced biofuel production in engineered chassis Presents the use of novel microorganisms and expanded substrate utilization strategies for production of targeted fuel molecules Explores biohybrid methods for harvesting bioenergy Discusses bioreactor design and optimization of scale-up
Download or read book Consequences of Microbial Interactions with Hydrocarbons Oils and Lipids Production of Fuels and Chemicals written by Sang Yup Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the current states of microbial and related technologies that have been developed for the efficient production of chemicals, fuels and materials by integrating strain and enzyme development, fermentation processes, and downstream processes. The book also covers how microbes and microbial products can be employed to facilitate petroleum recovery. Global consequences of bio-based production of chemicals, fuels and materials are also discussed with insights.
Download or read book Systems Metabolic Engineering written by Christoph Wittmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-15 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems Metabolic Engineering is changing the way microbial cell factories are designed and optimized for industrial production. Integrating systems biology and biotechnology with new concepts from synthetic biology enables the global analysis and engineering of microorganisms and bioprocesses at super efficiency and versatility otherwise not accessible. Without doubt, systems metabolic engineering is a major driver towards bio-based production of chemicals, materials and fuels from renewables and thus one of the core technologies of global green growth. In this book, Christoph Wittmann and Sang-Yup Lee have assembled the world leaders on systems metabolic engineering and cover the full story – from genomes and networks via discovery and design to industrial implementation practises. This book is a comprehensive resource for students and researchers from academia and industry interested in systems metabolic engineering. It provides us with the fundaments to targeted engineering of microbial cells for sustainable bio-production and stimulates those who are interested to enter this exiting research field.
Download or read book Improving Metabolic Engineering and Characterization of Clostridium Thermocellum for Improved Cellulosic Ethanol Production written by Beth Alexandra Papanek and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofules are an important option for humanity to move away from its dependence on fossil fuels. Transitioning from food crops to lignocellulosic alternatives for the production of biofuels is equally important. Most commonly, biofuels are produced using a crop such as corn or soybeans to feed sugars to the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the fermentation of ethanol. Lignocellulosic biofuel production would eliminate the need for food crops and transition to biomass such as switchgrass, poplar, or corn stover. Currently, lignocellulosic biofuel production is limited primarily because of the cost of converting the biomass to fermentable sugars than can then be metabolized by yeast. To overcome this barrier, a process must be employed that can convert lignocellulosic biomass directly to fuels and chemicals quickly and affordably. Clostridium thermocellum is one of the most promising candidates for the production of advanced biofuels because of its potential ability to convert cellulose directly to ethanol without the expensive addition of enzymes. Challenges to implementing C. thermocellum on an industrial scale still exist including side product formation, slow growth, limited titers, inhibition on high solids loadings, and a limited ability to perform genetic engineering. This thesis considers all of these concerns with C. thermocellum and attempts to systematically improve each characteristic to produce an industrially relevant strain of C. thermocellum for advanced biofuel production. Metabolic engineering is applied for the elimination of undesirable fermentation products. Laboratory evolution and medium supplementation are used to improve and understand the mechanisms that influence growth rate, and systematic approaches are used to improve transformation for more efficient genetic engineering of C. thermocellum in the future.
Download or read book Metabolic Engineering of Oleaginous Yeast for the Production of Biofuels written by Mitchell Tai and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past few years have introduced a flurry of interest over renewable energy sources. Biofuels have gained attention as renewable alternatives to liquid transportation fuels. Microbial platforms for biofuel production have become an attractive option for this purpose, mitigating numerous challenges found in crop-based production. Towards this end, metabolic engineering has established itself as an enabling technology for biofuels development. In this work we investigate the strategies of metabolic engineering for developing a biodiesel production platform, utilizing the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica as the host organism. We establish new genetic tools for engineering Y. lipolytica beginning with an expression vector utilizing the genetic features from translation elongation factor 1-a (TEF). Additionally, a complementary plasmid was developed allowing for multiple plasmid integration. Bioinformatics analysis of intronic genes in hemiascomycetous yeast also identified relationships between functional pathways and intron enrichment, chronicling the evolutionary journey of yeast species. Next gene targets were examined within the lipid synthesis pathway: acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACC), delta9-desaturase (D9), ATP citrate lyase (ACL), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGA). A combinatorial investigation revealed the order of contribution to lipid overproduction (from strongest to weakest): DGA, ACC, D9, ACL. Scale-up batch fermentation of selected strains revealed exceptionally high lipid accumulation and yield. These results demonstrate the balance between cellular growth and lipid production which is being modified through these genetic manipulations. We next explored utilization of alternative substrates to expand the capabilities and utility of Y. lipolytica. For xylose, a prevalent substrate in cellulosic feedstocks, expression of the redox pathway from Scheffersomyces stipitis and adaptation led to successful substrate utilization. Through the use of cofermentation, growth and productivity on xylose was improved dramatically with xylose-to-lipids conversion successfully demonstrated. For acetate, a potentially useful substrate for electrofuel production, lipid production using our strongest performing strain resulted in high lipid accumulation and yield. From this study, metabolic engineering of Y. lipolytica was successfully used to achieve exceptional lipid overproduction from a variety of substrates. Our genetic tools and recombinant strains establish a strong platform for the study and development of microbial processes for the production of biofuels.
Download or read book Non conventional Yeasts from Basic Research to Application written by Andriy Sibirny and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-12 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume scopes several aspects of non-conventional yeast research prepared by the leading specialists in the field. An introduction on taxonomy and systematics enhances the reader’s knowledge on yeasts beyond established ones such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnological approaches that involve fungal utilization of unusual substrates, production of biofuels and useful chemicals as citric acid, glutathione or erythritol are discussed. Further, strategies for metabolic engineering based on knowledge on regulation of gene expression as well as sensing and signaling pathways are presented. The book targets researchers and advanced students working in Microbiology, Microbial Biotechnology and Biochemistry.
Download or read book Cyanobacteria Biotechnology written by Paul Hudson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unites a biological and a biotechnological perspective on cyanobacteria, and includes the industrial aspects and applications of cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria Biotechnology offers a guide to the interesting and useful features of cyanobacteria metabolism that keeps true to a biotechnology vision. In one volume the book brings together both biology and biotechnology to illuminate the core acpects and principles of cyanobacteria metabolism. Designed to offer a practical approach to the metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria, the book contains relevant examples of how this metabolic "module" is currently being engineered and how it could be engineered in the future. The author includes information on the requirements and real-world experiences of the industrial applications of cyanobacteria. This important book: Brings together biology and biotechnology in order to gain insight into the industrial relevant topic of cyanobacteria Introduces the key aspects of the metabolism of cyanobacteria Presents a grounded, practical approach to the metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria Offers an analysis of the requirements and experiences for industrial cyanobacteria Provides a framework for readers to design their own processes Written for biotechnologists, microbiologists, biologists, biochemists, Cyanobacteria Biotechnology provides a systematic and clear volume that brings together the biological and biotechnological perspective on cyanobacteria.
