Download or read book In service Highway Bridge Condition Assessment Using High rate Real time Wireless Sensor Networks written by Matthew James Whelan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bridge Condition Assessment Using Dynamic Response Collected Through Wireless Sensor Networks written by Hiwa Fakhraddin Hamid and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a large inventory of deficient and aging bridges in the United States, this research focused on developing dynamic response based health monitoring system of prestressed box beam (PSBB) bridges that will provide more realistic and cost-efficient results. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the dynamic response is a sensitive and important indicator of the physical integrity and condition of a structure. Two wireless sensor networks (WSNs) were deployed for the collection of real-time acceleration response of a 25-year old PSBB bridge under trucks with variable loads and speeds. The acceleration response of the bridge at its newest condition was collected from the dynamic simulations of its full-scale finite element (FE) models mimicking field conditions. The FE model was validated using experimental and theoretical methods. The acceleration data in time domain were transformed into frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform to determine peak amplitudes and their corresponding fundamental frequencies for the newest and the current condition of the bridge. The analyses and comparisons of the bridge dynamic response between the newest and the current bridge interestingly indicate a 37% reduction in its fundamental frequency over its 25 years of service life. This reduction has been correlated to the current condition rating of the bridge to develop application software for quick and efficient condition assessment of a PSBB bridge. The application software can instantly estimate overall bridge condition rating when used with the WSN deployed on a PSBB bridge under vehicular loads. The research outcome and the software is expected to provide a cost-effective solution for assessing the overall condition of a PSBB bridge, which helps to reduce maintenance costs and provide technologically improved bridge maintenance service.

Download or read book Assessment of Bridge Service Life Using Wireless Sensor Network written by A. B. M. Mostafizur Rahman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes a method for estimating remaining service life of a bridge based on real-time responses of the bridge. Real-time responses were recorded using wireless sensor network. With a significant percentage of nation's bridges being structurally deficient or functionally obsolete and with no quantitative method of health monitoring being used in general practice, it has become the necessity to develop a SHM method, which will provide a quantitative assessment of overall bridge health. This research focuses on estimating overall condition of the bridge analyzing dynamic response rather than focusing on individual damage types, their severity and locations. SHM process in this research uses dynamic responses of a bridge subjected to service loads, collects the response through a system of wireless sensor network, simulates an ideal and practical bridge using finite element model, and then estimates the remaining service life of the bridge based on the modal correlation between the existing and an ideal bridge condition. Results indicate that the bridge under this study has lost approximately 47% of its approximately 50 years of service life in 30 years of service. It was also observed that only higher order modes are more sensitive to damage compared to lower ones. With limited budget available for bridge maintenance and repair, this research can help bridge owners, policy makers, transportation planners or any related professionals or organizations in prioritizing and allocating budgets based on actual bridge condition.

Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring of an In service Highway Bridge with Uncertainties written by Jingcheng Li and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bridge Condition Assessment and Load Rating Using Dynamic Response written by Anwarul Islam (Professor) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a method for the overall condition assessment and load rating of prestressed box beam (PSBB) bridges based on their dynamic response collected through wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to a large inventory of deficient and aging bridges in the United States, the health monitoring of bridges can be very expensive; therefore, new tools for quick, efficient and response-based condition assessment and load rating of bridges will be helpful. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the health of a bridge is associated with its vibration signatures under vehicular loads. Two WSNs were deployed on a 25-year old PSBB bridge under trucks with variable loads and speeds, and its dynamic response was collected at the current condition. The acceleration response of the bridge at its newest condition was collected from dynamic simulations of its full-scale finite element analysis (FEA) models mimicking field conditions. The FEA bridge model was validated by the field testing and numerical analysis. The acceleration data in time domain were transformed into frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform to determine peak amplitudes and corresponding fundamental frequencies for the newest and current conditions. The analyses and comparisons of the bridge dynamic response between the newest and the current bridge interestingly indicate a 37% reduction in its fundamental frequency over 25 years of service life. This frequency reduction is linked to the reduction in condition rating of the current bridge. The analysis data, bridge structural dynamics and bridge geometric parameters have been used to calculate the in-service stiffness of the bridge to estimate its load bearing capacity. Using the results and algorithms from this research, application software is developed to instantly estimate the overall condition rating and load bearing capacity of a PSBB bridge under vehicular loads. The research outcome and the software will help in performing quick and cost-effective condition assessment and load rating of PSBB bridges, and may provide a better ability to plan replacements and develop load ratings.

Download or read book Bridge Load Rating Using Dynamic Response Collected Through Wireless Sensor Networks written by Amer Shamil Jaroo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes a method for load rating of prestressed box beam (PSBB) bridges based on their dynamic response collected using wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Although the percentage of deficient bridges in the United States has been declining slowly, a significant portion is still closed to traffic or posted with load restrictions. An accurate load rating of bridges is very expensive; therefore, new tools for quick, efficient and response-based load rating of bridges will save time and money. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the health of a bridge is associated with its vibration signatures under vehicular loads. Two WSNs were deployed on a 25-year old PSBB bridge under trucks with variable loads and speeds for collecting real-time dynamic response at the current condition. Dynamic simulations of three dimensional finite element models of a bridge were performed to acquire its dynamic response under vehicular loads at its newest condition right after construction. The bridge model was validated by field testing and numerical analysis. Fast Fourier Transform and peak-picking algorithms were used to find maximum peak amplitudes and their corresponding frequencies. This information and the necessary bridge geometric parameters were used to calculate the in-service stiffness of the bridge in order to develop application software for load rating of bridges. The application software can instantly calculate the load rating of a PSBB bridge by collecting its real time dynamic response under vehicular loads using WSNs. The research outcome and the software will help reduce bridge maintenance costs and will increase public safety.

Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring for Bridge Structures Using Wireless Smart Sensors written by Shin Ae Jang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural health monitoring (SHM) has drawn significant attention in recent decades because of its potential to reduce maintenance costs and increase the reliability of structures. An important class of structures that can potentially benefit from SHM are bridges, many of which are structurally deficient due to lack of adequate maintenance. Through condition assessment of these bridges, an effective plan of maintenance can be determined, offering the possibility to prolong service life, as well as to prevent catastrophic disasters due to sudden collapse. To date, numerous damage detection algorithms have been proposed. Still, challenges remain in applying such algorithms to monitor bridges in the field. In reality, the extent of an SHM system is limited by available budgets, which define the number of sensors that can be deployed. This dissertation first presents a damage detection algorithm using static strain developed for efficient structural condition assessment with a few sensor nodes. A laboratory moving vehicle experiment has been developed for validation of the approach. However, just a few sensor nodes in SHM system cannot provide detailed information on damage location. A solution to include many sensors within a limited budget with increased efficiency is to use a Wireless Smart Sensor Network (WSSN) because of the merits of low cost, easy installation, and effective data management. An acceleration-based SHM algorithm for WSSN has been developed with a decentralized network topology. This approach has been implemented into a modularized damage detection service. The SHM application is designed to leverage the on-board computation capability of the WSSN, reducing the transmitted data size by distributing the computation burden. The SHM application for WSSN has been validated in lab-scale experiments on a truss bridge model. Nonetheless, the real challenge of SHM is in the deployment on full-scale bridges for continuous monitoring. The usability and stability of WSSN has been validated on an architectural staircase in the Siebel Center. Based on the usability investigation, the deployment of the world0́9s largest WSSN on the Jindo Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge has been achieved in South Korea. The main purpose of the deployment was to validate the bridge monitoring system using WSSN and energy harvesting devices in a long-term manner. The ultimate goal of this dissertation is to deploy the developed on-board decentralized damage identification application using WSSN on a historic truss bridge. As a first step, a series of dynamic tests were conducted for modal analysis using both wired and wireless sensor systems. During the tests, the functionality of the wireless sensor system with ISHMP Services Toolsuite was confirmed. For model-based damage identification approach developed herein, a finite element (FE) model was created. The initial FE model was updated based on a visual estimate of the corrosion. The updated model was used to generate baseline information for damage detection. Finally, the WSSN-based autonomous SHM system using the decentralized damage detection application was deployed on the historic bridge. The permanent SHM system was installed on the bridge, and the damage detection application was successfully run on the bridge. The damage detection results using the comprehensive application will be compared with those from the measured data. In summary, this dissertation provides a robust SHM system for bridge structures in use of WSSN. The decentralized damage detection approach is experimentally validated for WSSN. The performance of WSSN and energy harvesting devices will be evaluated.

Download or read book Handbook of Structural Life Assessment written by Raouf A. Ibrahim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-29 with total page 1421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important, self-contained reference deals with structural life assessment (SLA) and structural health monitoring (SHM) in a combined form. SLA periodically evaluates the state and condition of a structural system and provides recommendations for possible maintenance actions or the end of structural service life. It is a diversified field and relies on the theories of fracture mechanics, fatigue damage process, and reliability theory. For common structures, their life assessment is not only governed by the theory of fracture mechanics and fatigue damage process, but by other factors such as corrosion, grounding, and sudden collision. On the other hand, SHM deals with the detection, prediction, and location of crack development online. Both SLA and SHM are combined in a unified and coherent treatment.

Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring for In service Highway Bridges Using Smart Sensors written by Sushil Dahal and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges Using Wireless Sensor Networks written by Seyed Behrad Ghazi Sharyatpanahi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural Health Monitoring, damage detection and localization of bridges using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are studied in this thesis. The continuous monitoring of bridges to detect damage is a very useful tools for preventing unnecessary costly and emergent maintenance. The optimal design aims to maximize the lifetime of the system, the accuracy of the sensed data, and the system reliability, and to minimize the system cost and complexity Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is carried out using LUSAS Bridge Plus software to determine sensor locations and measurement types and effectively minimize the number of sensors, data for transmission, and volume of data for processing. In order to verify the computer simulation outputs and evaluate the proposed optimal design and algorithms, a WSN system mounted on a simple reinforced concrete frame model is employed in the lab. A series of tests are carried out on the reinforced concrete frame mounted on the shaking table in order to simulate the existing extreme loading condition. Experimental methods which are based on modal analysis under ambient vibrational excitation are often employed to detect structural damages of mechanical systems, many of such frequency domain methods as first step use a Fast Fourier Transform estimate of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) associated with the response of the system. In this study it is also shown that higher order statistical estimators such as Spectral Kurtosis (SK) and Sample to Model Ratio (SMR) may be successfully employed to more reliably discriminate the response of the system against the ambient noise and better identify and separate contributions from closely spaced individual modes. Subsequently, the identified modal parameters are used for damage detection and Structural Health Monitoring. To evaluate the preliminary results of the project's prototype and quantify the current bridge response as well as demonstrate the ability of the SHM system to successfully perform on a bridge, the deployment of Wireless Sensor Networks in an existing highway bridge in Qatar is implemented. The proposed technique will eventually be applied to the new stadium that State of Qatar will build in preparation for the 2022 World Cup. This monitoring system will help permanently record the vibration levels reached in all substructures during each event to evaluate the actual health state of the stadiums. This offers the opportunity to detect potentially dangerous situations before they become critical.

Download or read book Automated and Enhanced Post processing of Multiple Reference Impact Test MRIT Data written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant amount of the nation's highway bridges are functionally obsolete or structurally deficient. The deficient structures represent significant impediments to safe and economical use of the highway system. This in turn results in safety hazards, higher user costs, and huge outlays for preservation and replacement. The complexities and costs associated with preserving the nation's bridge infrastructure demand innovative approaches to experimental and analytical studies, collection and analysis of data and prediction of current and future bridge preservation actions. These needs, coupled with the availability of modern analytical methods and high-speed computers, are leading to the development of new technologies and an interdisciplinary approach to the problem. Currently, bridge evaluation is done on an inspection basis, which is labor intensive considering the large number of bridges requiring inspection each year. A basic weakness in this current approach is bridges are rated based on a subjective condition assessment. Previous research by the University of Cincinnati Infrastructure Institute (UCII) has introduced a non-destructive testing and evaluation methodology to objectively assess the present bridge condition. Dynamic properties of the civil structure are identified to provide a modal flexibility, which has been shown to be condition sensitive. The present thesis is based on previous work provided by Dr. Michael Lenett and Dr. Necati Catbas. It focuses on reducing the amount of post-processing effort, to provide real-time condition assessment, and to incorporate system checks to validate the data and results achieved.

Download or read book Bridge Rating and Condition Assessment Using Neural Networks written by Jacques Cattan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Maintenance Monitoring Safety Risk and Resilience of Bridges and Bridge Networks written by Tulio Nogueira Bittencourt and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-17 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maintenance, Monitoring, Safety, Risk and Resilience of Bridges and Bridge Networks contains the lectures and papers presented at the Eighth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2016), held in Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil, 26-30 June, 2016. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts and a DVD containing the full papers of 369 contributions presented at IABMAS 2016, including the T.Y. Lin Lecture, eight Keynote Lectures, and 360 technical papers from 38 countries. The contributions deal with the state-of-the-art as well as emerging concepts and innovative applications related to all main aspects of bridge maintenance, safety, management, resilience and sustainability. Major topics covered include: advanced materials, ageing of bridges, assessment and evaluation, bridge codes, bridge diagnostics, bridge management systems, composites, damage identification, design for durability, deterioration modeling, earthquake and accidental loadings, emerging technologies, fatigue, field testing, financial planning, health monitoring, high performance materials, inspection, life-cycle performance and cost, load models, maintenance strategies, non-destructive testing, optimization strategies, prediction of future traffic demands, rehabilitation, reliability and risk management, repair, replacement, residual service life, resilience, robustness, safety and serviceability, service life prediction, strengthening, structural integrity, and sustainability. This volume provides both an up-to-date overview of the field of bridge engineering as well as significant contributions to the process of making more rational decisions concerning bridge maintenance, safety, serviceability, resilience, sustainability, monitoring, risk-based management, and life-cycle performance using traditional and emerging technologies for the purpose of enhancing the welfare of society. It will serve as a valuable reference to all involved with bridge structure and infrastructure systems, including students, researchers and engineers from all areas of bridge engineering.

Download or read book Short and Long term Structural Health Monitoring of Highway Bridges written by Navid Zolghadri and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a promising tool for condition assessment of bridge structures. SHM of bridges can be performed for different purposes in long or short-term. A few aspects of short- and long-term monitoring of highway bridges are addressed in this research. Without quantifying environmental effects, applying vibration-based damage detection techniques may result in false damage identification. As part of a long-term monitoring project, the effect of temperature on vibrational characteristics of two continuously monitored bridges are studied. Natural frequencies of the structures are identified from ambient vibration data using the Natural Excitation Technique (NExT) along with the Eigen System Realization (ERA) algorithm. Variability of identified natural frequencies is investigated based on statistical properties of identified frequencies. Different statistical models are tested and the most accurate model is selected to remove the effect of temperature from the identified frequencies. After removing temperature effects, different damage cases are simulated on calibrated finite-element models. Comparing the effect of simulated damages on natural frequencies showed what levels of damage could be detected with this method. Evaluating traffic loads can be helpful to different areas including bridge design and assessment, pavement design and maintenance, fatigue analysis, economic studies and enforcement of legal weight limits. In this study, feasibility of using a single-span bridge as a weigh-in-motion tool to quantify the gross vehicle weights (GVW) of trucks is studied. As part of a short-term monitoring project, this bridge was subjected to four sets of high speed, live-load tests. Measured strain data are used to implement bridge weigh-in-motion (B-WIM) algorithms and calculate the corresponding velocities and GVWs. A comparison is made between calculated and static weights, and furthermore, between supposed speeds and estimated speeds of the trucks. Vibration-based techniques that use finite-element (FE) model updating for SHM of bridges are common for infrastructure applications. This study presents the application of both static and dynamic-based FE model updating of a full scale bridge. Both dynamic and live-load testing were conducted on this bridge and vibration, strain, and deflections were measured at different locations. A FE model is calibrated using different error functions. This model could capture both global and local response of the structure and the performance of the updated model is validated with part of the collected measurements that were not included in the calibration process.

Download or read book Continuous and Automated Real time Bridge Health Monitor Dissemination of Structural Rating Factors Via the WWW written by Sachin Kambli and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instrumented bridge health monitoring has gained a significant amount of interest in the past few years. The reason being, that instrumented bridge health monitoring provides objective, quantitative information, in lieu of the subjective information provided by visual bridge inspection. This process of collecting data, which may be in the form of real time or archived data, may help civil engineers and bridge designers to improve bridge design, construction, maintenance mechanisms and practice. This thesis reports on one such data collection and monitoring system, which has been implemented at the site of HAM-126-0881L, a typical steel stringer highway overpass bridge located along the Ronald Reagan Cross County Highway in Cincinnati, OH. The instrumentation at this site consists of two components: (1) a weigh-in-motion scale, a digital camera, and a suite of 116 high speed gages together with associated digital data acquisition for monitoring traffic and bridge traffic responses; and (2) a suite of 238 low speed gages together with associated digital data acquisition for monitoring ambient/environmental bridge responses. Both systems are interfaced to PCs at the site running a custom LabView-based software package, which autonomously handles all data post-processing and Graphical User Interface (GUI) functions. The entire monitoring system is connected to the Internet via a high speed ADSL connection. The main focus of the traffic monitor is to capture and synchronize the data obtained for each vehicle from the camera, WIM, and high-speed sensors. In addition to archival of raw data, the monitor automatically rates the bridge as per AASHTO specifications based on the known axle spacing, weights, and strain responses measured for each vehicle. All of this data is presented to users via a user-friendly website where recent vehicles responses and ratings as well as statistical information can be accessed. Some of the targets that were achieved by the author over the previous system were that the monitoring and data acquisition mode of highway vehicles had to be triggered manually in the previous system. After a truck was captured and processed, the monitor would stop and had to be re-started manually. In the current scenario, the monitoring and acquisition process has been automated thus eliminating user input. The entire process of capturing a truck, process all its associated data and post it on the UCII website for online viewing is restricted to less than 4 minutes. This also maximized the number of observations that could be caught in a day. Sensor data acquisition, which was very resource intensive, has been separated from WIM and image acquisition, by creating a master-slave network. The hardware and software on each PC was specifically designed, keeping resource issues in mind. This handles resources in a much better way and makes the system stable. Precise timing parameters were worked-out which makes the hand-off regarding data and flags easier to handle. With real-time data being captured, it was observed that the rating calculations needed re-work. This was resolved leading to error-free rating factor calculations. Also quite a bit of the LabView code was designed for a One-time operation. This was re-designed for the real-time continuous monitoring operation. The UCII web-site was constructed, with a link to the real-time monitor. The GUI was designed to incorporate and categorize the results received from the real-time continuous monitor, not only making it aesthetically appealing but also make result interpretation very intuitive. Statistics were generated regarding results and posted online on the web-site for extended periods of time such as a week or even a month. Capturing of a huge amount of data in a very short time led to enabling of data archiving on the local PC and also on the FTP server, which was synchronized with the entire operation. Thus, an automated and continuous, dedicated-real time monitoring system, combined with an intelligent architectural interface design, data communication protocols and web access go a long way in helping civil engineers establish a deeper understanding of bridge performance.

Download or read book Wind and Seismic Effects written by United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources. Joint Panel Conference and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Maintenance Safety Risk Management and Life Cycle Performance of Bridges written by Nigel Powers and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 5447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maintenance, Safety, Risk, Management and Life-Cycle Performance of Bridges contains lectures and papers presented at the Ninth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2018), held in Melbourne, Australia, 9-13 July 2018. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB card containing the full papers of 393 contributions presented at IABMAS 2018, including the T.Y. Lin Lecture, 10 Keynote Lectures, and 382 technical papers from 40 countries. The contributions presented at IABMAS 2018 deal with the state of the art as well as emerging concepts and innovative applications related to the main aspects of bridge maintenance, safety, risk, management and life-cycle performance. Major topics include: new design methods, bridge codes, heavy vehicle and load models, bridge management systems, prediction of future traffic models, service life prediction, residual service life, sustainability and life-cycle assessments, maintenance strategies, bridge diagnostics, health monitoring, non-destructive testing, field testing, safety and serviceability, assessment and evaluation, damage identification, deterioration modelling, repair and retrofitting strategies, bridge reliability, fatigue and corrosion, extreme loads, advanced experimental simulations, and advanced computer simulations, among others. This volume provides both an up-to-date overview of the field of bridge engineering and significant contributions to the process of more rational decision-making on bridge maintenance, safety, risk, management and life-cycle performance of bridges for the purpose of enhancing the welfare of society. The Editors hope that these Proceedings will serve as a valuable reference to all concerned with bridge structure and infrastructure systems, including students, researchers and engineers from all areas of bridge engineering.