Download or read book Improving Vertical Transport in Chemical Transport Models written by Dana E. Hartley and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere written by Peter Borrell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major environmental concern is the increasing burden on all scales of photo-oxidants, acidifying substances and potential nutrients in the troposphere. These lead to episodes of summer smog, and appreciable damage to eco-systems both on land and at sea. Underlying the environmental effects is the complex scientific problem of linking the man-made and biological emissions to the myriad chemical reactions that transform the pollutants as they are transported to and deposited in the surroundings and also pristine areas remote from the sources. The project, the scientific results of which are described in this book, was set up to study the problem in an inter-disciplinary way by co-ordinating the work of more than 150 research groups in some 20 countries.
Download or read book Measurement and Improved Understanding of Vertical Transport and the Evaluation of These Processes in Mesoscale Models written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NCAR effort is primarily focused on the analysis of a diverse suite of measurements taken at the southern end of the Salt Lake City Valley within the Jordan Narrows. These measurements include wind profiler, surface, lidar, radiosonde, multi-layered tether-sonde and sodar measurements. We are also collaborating with other VTMX investigators through linking our measurements within the Jordan Narrows with their investigations. The instrumentation was provided to interested VTMX investigators and was used extensively. Thus the NCAR data set played a large role in the results of the overall experiment. Our work under this proposal includes analysis of the observations, mesoscale modeling efforts in support of our VTMX analysis and general instrumentation development aimed at improving the measurement of vertical transport and mixing under stable conditions. This report is subdivided by research objectives.
Download or read book Observation and Model based Study of the Extratropical UT LS written by Anne Kunz and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2010 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA Reference Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry written by Guy P. Brasseur and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical modeling of atmospheric composition is a formidable scientific and computational challenge. This comprehensive presentation of the modeling methods used in atmospheric chemistry focuses on both theory and practice, from the fundamental principles behind models, through to their applications in interpreting observations. An encyclopaedic coverage of methods used in atmospheric modeling, including their advantages and disadvantages, makes this a one-stop resource with a large scope. Particular emphasis is given to the mathematical formulation of chemical, radiative, and aerosol processes; advection and turbulent transport; emission and deposition processes; as well as major chapters on model evaluation and inverse modeling. The modeling of atmospheric chemistry is an intrinsically interdisciplinary endeavour, bringing together meteorology, radiative transfer, physical chemistry and biogeochemistry, making the book of value to a broad readership. Introductory chapters and a review of the relevant mathematics make this book instantly accessible to graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric sciences.
Download or read book EOS Reference Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Sensitivity Analysis of the GEOS Chem Chemical Transport Model for Six NASA Field Campaigns written by Kenneth Christian and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global chemical transport models are popular tools within the air chemistry community to both assess our understanding of air chemical processes and to provide a platform to predict how atmospheric composition may respond to future changes. However, there are errors and uncertainties in almost all model inputs, such as emissions, chemistry, and meteorology rendering modeled results likewise uncertain. Thus a detailed analysis of model uncertainties and sensitivity of modeled results to its inputs are required to qualify and improve these predictions.Using a global sensitivity method involving the simultaneous perturbation of many chemical transport model input factors, we find the model uncertainty for ozone (O3), hydroxyl radical (OH), and hydroperoxyl radical (HO2) mixing ratios and apportion this uncertainty to model inputs including emissions, meteorology, and chemistry using the Random Sampling-High Dimensional Model Representation (RS-HMDR) global sensitivity analysis method for the DC-8 flight tracks corresponding to six NASA aircraft field campaigns. These campaigns took place from 1999 to 2008 in locations stretching from the South Pacific to the North American Arctic and from East Asia to the North Atlantic. In general, we find modeled and measured oxidant mixing ratios to agree once uncertainties in both are taken into account with some notable exceptions. Notably, these exceptions include ozone during the Houston flights of the INTEX-B campaign, HO2 for the flights over the northernmost Pacific Ocean during INTEX-B, low altitude ozone and HO2 during TRACE-P, and ozone in a few of the vertical bins for PEM-Tropics B. For ozone and OH, modeled mixing ratios for most locations were most sensitive to a bevy of emissions, notably lightning NOx, various surface NOx sources, carbon monoxide, and isoprene. This means that lessening model uncertainties for these species in these regions will likely require improving emissions inventories. HO2 mixing ratios were most sensitive to CO and isoprene emissions as well as the aerosol uptake of HO2. In the case of some Arctic flights, we found HO2 and OH to be overwhelmingly sensitive to the aerosol uptake of HO2 with this one factor contributing upwards of 75 % of the total uncertainty in HO2. With the dominance of this one factor in the sensitivity of HOx mixing ratios for this region, improving the modeled characterization of HOx in this domain will require it being addressed. Across most campaigns, we find better model-measurement agreement with lower rates of aerosol uptake and lower lightning NOx emissions suggesting both may need to be reduced.For almost all campaigns the same seven factors were responsible for the majority of the model ensemble uncertainty for ozone, OH, and HO2: surface NOx emissions, carbon monoxide emissions, lightning NOx emissions, aerosol uptake of HO2, isoprene emissions, the reaction rate of NO2 + OH, and the photolysis rate of NO2. The frequency of these factors among the most sensitive factors in each campaign suggests that the applicability of these results may extend beyond the specific regions covered by the respective campaigns. In order to achieve appreciable future progress in decreasing modeled oxidant uncertainty, addressing these seven factors is likely required.
Download or read book Global Atmospheric Change and its Impact on Regional Air Quality written by Ian Barnes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO ARW in Irkutsk was an excellent occasion for the coming together of Eastern and Western scientists who are involved in tropospheric science; the workshop has greatly contributed to the scientific and social understanding among the participants from the many different countries. Many new personal contacts were made which will help to strengthen future collaborations. In particular, the Lake Baikal area and the Limnological Institute offer splendid opportunities for environmental research which, in part, is already on going. For most participants it was the first time to see the impressive nature of the Lake Baikal region. Hopefully, there will be a chance for a follow-up event in Siberia where researchers from the East and West can again meet and engage in fruitful scientific dialogue. The book contains extended abstracts of the lectures and the poster presentations presented at the NATO ARW "Global Atmospheric Change and its Impact on Regional Air Quality" Irkutsk, Lake Baikal, Russian Federation, August 21-27, 2001. The ARW was composed of 22 oral presentations by key lecturers and 6 additional shorter oral presentations from participants. In a special poster session the 36 poster contributions were presented and discussed. Unfortunately not all contributors submitted extended abstracts, however, to compensate two contributions have been added from 2 participants who were originally invited but were unable to attend.
Download or read book Semi Lagrangian Advection Methods and Their Applications in Geoscience written by Steven J. Fletcher and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-18 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semi-Lagrangian Advection Methods and Their Applications in Geoscience provides a much-needed resource on semi-Lagrangian theory, methods, and applications. Covering a variety of applications, the book brings together developments of the semi-Lagrangian in one place and offers a comparison of semi-Lagrangian methods with Eulerian-based approaches. It also includes a chapter dedicated to difficulties of dealing with the adjoint of semi-Lagrangian methods and illustrates the behavior of different schemes for different applications. This allows for a better understanding of which schemes are most efficient, stable, consistent, and likely to introduce the minimum model error into a given problem. Beneficial for students learning about numerical approximations to advection, researchers applying these techniques to geoscientific modeling, and practitioners looking for the best approach for modeling, Semi-Lagrangian Advection Methods and Their Applications in Geoscience fills a crucial gap in numerical modeling and data assimilation in geoscience. - Provides a single resource for understanding semi-Lagrangian methods and what is involved in its application - Includes exercises and codes to supplement learning and create opportunities for practice - Includes coverage of adjoints, examining the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches in multiple coordinate systems and different discretizations - Includes links to numerical datasets and animations to further enhance understanding
Download or read book Our Changing Planet written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIII written by Sven-Erik Gryning and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-01-31 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the latest in a series of proceedings dating back to 1971. The book addresses the problem of air pollution and reports the latest findings and developments in air pollution modeling, from a truly international list of contributors.
Download or read book Research Strategies for the U S Global Change Research Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1990-02-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book recommends research priorities and scientific approaches for global change research. It addresses the scientific approaches for documenting global change, developing integrated earth system models, and conducting focused studies to improve understanding of global change on topics such as earth system history and human sources of global change.
Download or read book Observing Systems for Atmospheric Composition written by Guido Visconti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One challenge in atmospheric chemistry is understanding the intercontinental transport and transformation of gases and aerosols. This book describes observational and modeling techniques used to understand atmospheric composition from satellites, aircraft and ground based platforms. Common ideas presented throughout are the role of each component in an observing system for atmospheric composition, and advances necessary to improve understanding of atmospheric composition.
