Download or read book Improving Population Health and the Prioritization of Health Goals Through Cost effectiveness Methods and Optimization of Resource Allocation written by John Wieland Oswald and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health System Efficiency written by Jonathan Cylus and published by Health Policy. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the authors explore the state of the art on efficiency measurement in health systems and international experts offer insights into the pitfalls and potential associated with various measurement techniques. The authors show that: - The core idea of efficiency is easy to understand in principle - maximizing valued outputs relative to inputs, but is often difficult to make operational in real-life situations - There have been numerous advances in data collection and availability, as well as innovative methodological approaches that give valuable insights into how efficiently health care is delivered - Our simple analytical framework can facilitate the development and interpretation of efficiency indicators.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Population Health written by David B. Nash and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2015-03-16 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practicing population based care is a central focus of the Affordable Care Act and a key component of implementing health reform. Wellness and Prevention, Accountable Care Organizations, Patient Centered Medical Homes, Comparative Effectiveness Research, and Patient Engagement have become common terms in the healthcare lexicon. Aimed at students and practitioners in health care settings, the Second Edition of Population Health: Creating a Culture of Wellness, conveys the key concepts of concepts of population health management and strategies for creating a culture of health and wellness in the context of health care reform. Beginning with a new opening chapter, entitled, “Building Cultures of Health and Wellness”, the Second Edition takes a comprehensive, forward-looking approach to population health with an emphasis on creating a culture of wellness. The revised text takes into consideration the Affordable Care Act and its substantial impact on how health science is taught, how health care is delivered and how health care services are compensated in the United States. Key Features: - Study and discussion questions are provided at the conclusion of each chapter to highlight key learning objectives and readings. - Case studies highlight real world applications of concepts and strategies, and links to web sites provide additional opportunities for expanding knowledge. - Each chapter can stand alone to highlight key population health issues and provide strategies to address them, allowing educators to choose specific chapters or sections that meet the learning objectives of the course. - Each new print copy includes Navigate 2 Advantage Access that unlocks a comprehensive and interactive eBook, student practice activities and assessments, a full suite of instructor resources, and learning analytics reporting tools.
Download or read book Population Health Creating a Culture of Wellness written by David B. Nash and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2019-11-11 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the passage of the Affordable Care Act, the field of population health has evolved and matured considerably. Improving quality and health outcomes along with lowering costs has become an ongoing focus in delivery of health care. The new Third Edition of Population Health reflects this focus and evolution in today's dynamic healthcare landscape by conveying the key concepts of population health management and examining strategies for creating a culture of health and wellness in the context of health care reform. Offering a comprehensive, forward-looking approach to population health, the Third Edition's streamlined organization features 14 chapters divided among 3 major sections: Part I – Population Health in the U.S.; Part 2 –The Population Health Ecosystem: and Part 3 – Creating Culture Change.
Download or read book Optimizing Your Capacity to Care written by Pierce Story, MPHM and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our nation's capacity to care is becoming increasingly stressed as an aging and increasingly unhealthy population collides with a relative reduction in the numbers of clinicians and ever-tightening financial resources. If even the mildest of future-state predictions are to be believed, we need a significant restructuring of our entire healthcare system and its total Capacity to Care, such that we can simultaneously improve care capacity, cost, quality, accessibility, and resource gratification. Optimizing Your Capacity to Care: A Systems Approach to Hospital and Population Health Management provides comprehensive guidance to a new way to optimize and manage community-wide Care Capacity via a unique, holistic approach to healthcare operations. Through clear examples and actual project results, the book demonstrates the outcomes of a systems-level way of thinking about a community's Capacity to Care that incorporates and integrates the full spectrum of available clinical and communal resources into the care of patients, including hospitals, physicians, emergency departments, surgical services, local churches, civic organizations, pharmacies, and volunteers. The book details operational models for each major department of the hospital and a fully integrated communal resource pool to demonstrate how the optimization of capacity, resource utilization, cost, and clinical outcomes can be attained. And by providing healthcare leaders with a deeper understanding of key elements missing from the most common process improvement methodologies and approaches, this book offers fresh perspectives and bold alternatives for hospitals, health systems, and entire communities.
Download or read book Rationing and Resource Allocation in Healthcare written by Ezekiel Emanuel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-10 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Budgets of governments and private insurances are limited. Not all drugs and services that appear beneficial to patients or physicians can be covered. Is there a core set of benefits that everyone should be entitled to? If so, how should this set be determined? Are fair decisions just impossible, if we know from the outset than not all needs can be met? While early work in bioethics has focused on clinical issues and a narrow set of principles, in recent years there has been a marked shift towards addressing broader population-level issues, requiring consideration of more demanding theories in philosophy, political science, and economics. At the heart of bioethics' new orientation is the goal of clarity on a complex set of questions in rationing and resource allocation. Rationing and Resource Allocation in Healthcare: Essential Readings provides key excerpts from seminal and pertinent texts and case studies about these topics, contextualized by original introductions. The volume is divided into three broad sections: Conceptual Distinctions and Ethical Theory; Rationing; and Resource Allocation. Containing the most important and classic articles surrounding the theoretical and practical issues related to rationing and how to allocate scare medical resources, this collection aims to assist and inform those who wish to be a part of bioethics' 21st century shift including practitioners and policy-makers, and students and scholars in the health sciences, philosophy, law, and medical ethics.
Download or read book Solving Population Health Problems through Collaboration written by Ron Bialek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid changes in healthcare and public health offer tremendous opportunities to focus on process improvement. Public health departments and agencies increasingly work collaboratively with hospitals and other community partners to promote knowledge and improve collective impact through public and private sector coalitions. Solving Population Health Problems through Collaboration brings together population health experts and leaders to examine evidence-based intervention strategies, case studies in health departments and hospitals, health equity issues, core competencies, public health campaigns, step-by-step collaboration advice, and much more. Each chapter is written by a population health leader shaped by his or her experience implementing change in a community’s health, to demonstrate innovative methods and tools for building and leading sustainable community coalitions to effect real change. Designed to prepare population health workers in public health and healthcare settings to develop strategies for improved population health, this book is required reading for public health managers and health administrators as well as students enrolled in population health courses.
Download or read book Improving Health Care Delivery Through Multi objective Resource Allocation written by Jacqueline A. Griffin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation addresses resource allocation problems that occur in both public and private health care settings with the objective of characterizing the tradeoffs that occur when simultaneously incorporating multiple objectives and developing methods to address these tradeoffs. We examine three resource allocation problems (i) strategic allocation of financial resources and limited staffing capacity for the mobile delivery of health care within African countries, (ii) real-time allocation of hospital beds to internal patient requests, and (iii) development of patient redirection policies in response to limited bed availability in units within a system of hospitals. For each problem we define models, each with a different methodology, and utilize the models to develop allocation strategies that account for multiple competing objectives and examine the performance of the strategies with computational studies. In Chapter 2, we model African health care delivery systems utilizing a mixed-integer program (MIP) which accounts for financial and personnel constraints as well as infrastructure quality. We characterize tradeoffs in effectiveness, efficiency, and equity resulting from four allocation strategies with computational experiments representing the variety of spatial patterns that occur throughout the continent. The main contributions include (i) the development of a model that incorporates spatial and infrastructure characteristics and allows for a study of equity in the delivery of care, rather than access to care, and (ii) the characterization of tradeoffs in the three objectives under a variety of settings. In Chapter 3, we model the real-time assignment of bed requests to available beds as a queueing system and a Markov decision process (MDP). Through the development of bed assignment algorithms and simulation experiments, we illustrate the value of implementing strategic bed assignment practices which balance the bed management objectives of timeliness and appropriateness of assignments. The main contributions of this section include (i) the development of new bed assignment algorithms which use stochastic optimization techniques and outperform algorithms which mimic processes currently used in practice and (ii) the definition of a model and methods for the control of a large complex system that includes flexible units, multiple patient types, and type-dependent routing. In Chapter 4, we model the impact of a patient redirection policy in a hospital unit as a Markov chain. Assuming preferences for patient redirection are aligned with costs, we examine the impact of incremental changes to redirection policies on the probability of the unit being completely occupied, the long-run average utilization, and the long-run average cost of redirection. The main contributions of this chapter include (i) the introduction of a model of patient redirection with multiple patient thresholds and patient preference constraints and (ii) the definition of necessary conditions for an optimal patient redirection policy that minimizes the average cost of redirection.
Download or read book Health Planning for Effective Management written by William A. Reinke and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1988-04-14 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizing practical considerations in designing and carrying out primary health care programs, this is a superb introductory text for public health students. It will be of particular interest to those working with rural populations in developing countries with limited resources. Part I covers policy issues and the conceptual framework for planning, management and evaluation. Part II reviews essential methods for effective implementation, considering the economic, political, epidemiologic, demographic and other components that contribute to the assessment of health needs and resource allocation. Part III discusses specific tools and techniques in program management related to decision analysis, network analysis, survey techniques, cost-effectiveness appraisal, and much more. Comprehensive and informative, this highly practical work is the result of many years of experience in teaching and working with health care planners from around the world.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 1449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
Download or read book Population Health Analytics written by Martha L. Sylvia and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2021-08-02 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the focus of the health care delivery system continues to move toward a coordinated and accountable system, there is an increasing need for a single resource that focuses on analytics for population health. Population Health Analytics addresses that need by providing detailed information and a “how to” guide for achieving population health analytics. Comprehensive, current, and practical, this logically organized text builds from understanding data sources, to contextualizing data, modeling data, and gleaning insights from that data, which is a natural progression for organizations in progressing to higher levels of analytic capabilities. Furthermore, these frameworks for the population health process and analytics are grounded in an evidence base that is also aligned with theories and processes used in healthcare disciplines. This first of its kind text will prepare students to improve health outcomes, understand patterns of health behavior and more.
Download or read book Optimizing Population Healthcare Resource Allocation Under Uncertainty Using Global Optimization Methods written by David Linz and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the rise in American healthcare costs, clinic administrators are increasingly concerned with optimally delivering service to patients. Due to the complex and uncertain nature of patient demand and other factors, models for healthcare systems may have to rely on discrete event simulation that incorporates random effects in order to realistically describe systems. Subsequently, optimization for decision-making must be applicable to objective functions with noise, which are often the output of complex simulation models. Second, many stakeholders may have an aversion to the risk generated by the system's uncertainty. For this reason, a well suited optimization approach must provide solutions to problems with stochastic "black-box" objective functions that provide insight to decision makers. This dissertation research has two main objectives: first, to develop models that can generate robust optimal staffing recommendations for healthcare systems in order to minimize the risk to patients while considering system constraints, and second to develop new simulation optimization theory and algorithms that can effectively minimize noisy black-box objective functions. The first research objective is met by addressing two practical problems concerning the delivery of medical services to patients in a patient-centered medical system using a modeled decision making framework. The first problem concerns locating specialist care across geographically distributed clinics with uncertain demand. This problem highlights the trade-offs between risk and an average penalty function associated with centralized versus distributed care. The second problem addresses the question of optimal panel design in primary care that combines both operational and strategic decisions. Since the second model cannot be easily written with closed-form equations, a discrete event simulation model is created to measure the effectiveness of chosen paneling policies in delivering care to patients. The second research objective is met by developing two adaptive random search theoretical frameworks with provable finite time results and exploring partition-based algorithms for global optimization with noise. The two theoretical frameworks are called Quantile Adaptive Search (QAS) and Hesitant Adaptive Search with Estimation (HAS-E). Under certain assumptions the expected number of function evaluations of HAS-E and QAS increases only linearly in dimension. This dissertation explores the implementation of partition-based algorithms that focus on sampling within quantiles to address problems with a higher number of dimensions. First, an extension to Optimal Computational Budget Allocation (OCBA) partition-based random search is developed that uses a look-ahead algorithm to improve optimizer performance. Second, an extension of the Nested Partition algorithm is adapted to sample points from a decreasing quantile level set. Third, an algorithm that samples from successive quantile level sets through the application of the Probabilistic Branch and Bound (PBnB) algorithm for level set approximation is explored. Finally, the dissertation also develops an algorithm where the PBnB algorithm is incorporated into a Nested Partition framework and the target quantile is decreased iteratively. To provide a broad overview of potential black-box optimization for our applications, this dissertation contains research on benchmarking the numerical performance of derivative-free optimization techniques in a variety of contexts. The dissertation contains numerical results in benchmarking the effectiveness of a single observation with a "shrinking ball" approximation when estimating the objective function of a problem with noise. In addition to benchmarking existing algorithms, this effort also includes numerical performance analysis of the newly developed algorithms in this dissertation. Overall, this research contributes to the advancement of stochastic global optimization methodology in order to practically improve real-world decision making. With the developed algorithms, healthcare administrators are able to generate near-optimal strategies for staffing and resource allocation and gain a better understanding of trade-offs in resource allocation that enable risk-averse decision makers to better serve patients.
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book Population Health Management written by Ann Scheck McAlearney and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population health management strategies can help an organization more effectively manage a defined population of individuals by optimizing care delivery and resource allocation. Ideally, these strategies enable healthcare organizations to both improve the quality of care and lower the cost of providing healthcare services to their patients. This book provides an overview of five different population health management strategies, along with examples of how each strategy can be implemented. These strategies -- lifestyle management, demand management, disease management, catastrophic care management, and disability management -- address the health and care management needs of individuals from the healthy to the catastrophically ill. The importance of integration and of synthesizing different strategies in population health management is also described.
Download or read book Purchasing Population Health written by David A. Kindig and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a model that fosters improved health outcomes through financial incentives
Download or read book Distributional Cost Effectiveness Analysis written by Richard Cookson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis aims to help health care and public health organisations make fairer decisions with better outcomes. Whereas standard cost-effectiveness analysis provides information about total costs and effects, distributional cost-effectiveness analysis provides additional information about fairness in the distribution of costs and effects - who gains, who loses, and by how much. It can also provide information about the trade-offs that sometimes occur between efficiency objectives, such as improving total health, and equity objectives, such as reducing unfair inequality in health. This is a practical guide to a flexible suite of economic methods for quantifying the equity consequences of health programmes in high-, middle- and low-income countries. The methods can be tailored and combined in various ways to provide useful information to different decision-makers in different countries with different distributional equity concerns. The handbook is primarily aimed at postgraduate students and analysts specialising in cost-effectiveness analysis but is also accessible to a broader audience of health sector academics, practitioners, managers, policymakers and stakeholders. As well as offering an overview for research commissioners, users, and producers, the book includes systematic technical guidance on how to simulate and evaluate distributions, with accompanying hands-on spreadsheet training exercises, and discussions about how to handle uncertainty about facts and disagreement about values, and the future challenges facing this young and rapidly evolving field of study.
