Download or read book Improving Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Reduction in the Pulp and Paper Industry written by Donato Cianciarulo and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Opportunities to Improve Energy Efficiency and Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the U S Pulp and Paper Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pulp and paper industry accounts for over 12% of total manufacturing energy use in the U.S. (U.S. EIA 1997a), contributing 9% to total manufacturing carbon dioxide emissions. In the last twenty-five years primary energy intensity in the pulp and paper industry has declined by an average of 1% per year. However, opportunities still exist to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in the manufacture of paper in the U.S. This report analyzes the pulp and paper industry (Standard Industrial Code (SIC) 26) and includes a detailed description of the processes involved in the production of paper, providing typical energy use in each process step. We identify over 45 commercially available state-of-the-art technologies and measures to reduce energy use and calculate potential energy savings and carbon dioxide emissions reductions. Given the importance of paper recycling, our analysis examines two cases. Case A identifies potential primary energy savings without accounting for an increase in recycling, while Case B includes increasing paper recycling. In Case B the production volume of pulp is reduced to account for additional pulp recovered from recycling. We use a discount rate of 30% throughout our analysis to reflect the investment decisions taken in a business context. Our Case A results indicate that a total technical potential primary energy savings of 31% (1013 PJ) exists. For case A we identified a cost-effective savings potential of 16% (533 PJ). Carbon dioxide emission reductions from the energy savings in Case A are 25% (7.6 MtC) and 14% (4.4 MtC) for technical and cost-effective potential, respectively. When recycling is included in Case B, overall technical potential energy savings increase to 37% (1215 PJ) while cost-effective energy savings potential is 16%. Increasing paper recycling to high levels (Case B) is nearly cost-effective assuming a cut-off for cost-effectiveness of a simple payback period of 3 years. If this measure is included, then the cost-effective energy savings potential in case B increases to 22%.
Download or read book Emerging Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Technologies for the Pulp and Paper Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pulp and paper industry ranks fourth in terms of energy consumption among industries worldwide. Globally, the pulp and paper industry accounted for approximately 5 percent of total world industrial final energy consumption in 2007, and contributed 2 percent of direct carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industry. Worldwide pulp and paper demand and production are projected to increase significantly by 2050, leading to an increase in this industry's absolute energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Development of new energy-efficiency and GHG mitigation technologies and their deployment in the market will be crucial for the pulp and paper industry's mid- and long-term climate change mitigation strategies. This report describes the industry's processes and compiles available information on the energy savings, environmental and other benefits, costs, commercialization status, and references for 36 emerging technologies to reduce the industry's energy use and GHG emissions. Although studies from around the world identify a variety of sector-specific and cross-cutting energy-efficiency technologies that have already been commercialized for the pulp and paper industry, information is scarce and/or scattered regarding emerging or advanced energy-efficiency and low-carbon technologies that are not yet commercialized. The purpose of this report is to provide engineers, researchers, investors, paper companies, policy makers, and other interested parties with easy access to a well-structured resource of information on these technologies.
Download or read book Pulp and Paper Industry written by Pratima Bajpai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulp and Paper Industry: Energy Conservation presents a number of energy-efficient technologies and practices that are cost-effective and available for implementation today. Emerging energy-efficient technologies and future prospects in this field are also dealt with. Qualitative and quantitative results/data on energy savings for various steps of pulp and paper making process are presented. There is no specific book on this topic. This will be a comprehensive reference in the field. Thorough and in-depth coverage of energy-efficient technologies and practices in paper and pulp industry Presents cost-effective and available for implementation today technologies Discusses Biotechnological processes, especially enzymatic processes in the pulp and paper industry to reduce the energy consumption and improve the product quality Presents qualitative and quantitative results/data on energy savings for various steps of pulp and paper making process
Download or read book Biopulping written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Opportunities to Improve Energy Efficiency in the U S Pulp and Paper Industry written by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the energy efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions reductions potential of the U.S. pulp and paper industry, one of the largest energy users in the U.S. manufacturing sector. We examined over 45 commercially available state-of-the-art technologies and measures. The measures were characterized, and then ordered on the basis of cost-effectiveness. The report indicates that there still exists significant potential for energy savings and carbon dioxide emissions reduction in this industry. The cost-effective potential for energy efficiency improvement is defined as having a simple pay-back period of three years or less. Not including increased recycling the study identifies a cost-effective savings potential of 16% of the primary energy use in 1994. Including increased recycling leads to a higher potential for energy savings, i.e. a range of cost-effective savings between 16% and 24% of primary energy use. Future work is needed to further elaborate on key energy efficiency measures identified in the report including barriers and opportunities for increased recycling of waste paper.
Download or read book Energy Efficiency in the Pulp and Paper Industry with Emphasis on Developing Countries written by Andrew J. Ewing and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of paper is relatively energy-intensive: one ton of paper requires energy equivalent to about three quarters of a ton of oil in industrialized countries, and as much as 2-3 times this figure in developing countries. Although about one half of this energy requirement may be met by burning the waste products of the industry, the balance must be purchased. Faced with sharply rising energy costs in the 1970s, producers in the industrialized countries have shown that energy consumption in paper production can be substantially reduced, and that improving the efficiency of waste recovery can further decrease the requirement for purchased energy. The wide range of measures discussed in this paper include steps to improve internal energy efficiency through a variety of measures such as improved housekeeping, process modification, and water re-use, steps to improve waste utilization, and cogeneration. Preliminary analyses of the costs and benefits of such measures are included. The paper also describes the particular technical and other constraints which have so far tended to limit the introduction of similar energy-saving techniques in the pulp and paper industries of many developing countries.
Download or read book Black Liquor Gasification written by Pratima Bajpai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black Liquor Gasification (BLG) is a first of its kind to guide chemical engineers, students, operators of paper plants, technocrats, and entrepreneurs on practical guidelines and a holistic techno-enviro-economic perspective applicable to their future or existing projects based on the treatment of black liquor for energy production. BLG describes the gasification process as a more efficient alternative to current processes for the conversion of black liquor biomass into energy. BLG operates largely in sync with other methods to improve pulp-making efficiency. This book explains how BLG offers a way to generate electricity and to reclaim pulping chemicals from black liquor, and why BLG would replace the Tomlinson recovery boiler for the recovery of spent chemicals and energy. - Describes the utilization of black liquor as a source of energy - Provides a detailed account of black liquor gasification processes for the production of energy and chemicals from black liquor - Provides guidelines to chemical engineers for the treatment of black liquor
Download or read book Energy Cost Reduction in the Pulp and Paper Industry written by David William Francis and published by Ressources naturelles Canada. This book was released on 2004 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To illustrate the potential to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, benchmarking studies were performed for the 2 largest production segments of the Canadian pulp and paper industry: kraft market pulp and newsprint. In each case the energy consumption for a modern mill was determined using current proven technology and compared with that for existing Canadian mills.
Download or read book America s Energy Future written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-15 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For multi-user PDF licensing, please contact customer service. Energy touches our lives in countless ways and its costs are felt when we fill up at the gas pump, pay our home heating bills, and keep businesses both large and small running. There are long-term costs as well: to the environment, as natural resources are depleted and pollution contributes to global climate change, and to national security and independence, as many of the world's current energy sources are increasingly concentrated in geopolitically unstable regions. The country's challenge is to develop an energy portfolio that addresses these concerns while still providing sufficient, affordable energy reserves for the nation. The United States has enormous resources to put behind solutions to this energy challenge; the dilemma is to identify which solutions are the right ones. Before deciding which energy technologies to develop, and on what timeline, we need to understand them better. America's Energy Future analyzes the potential of a wide range of technologies for generation, distribution, and conservation of energy. This book considers technologies to increase energy efficiency, coal-fired power generation, nuclear power, renewable energy, oil and natural gas, and alternative transportation fuels. It offers a detailed assessment of the associated impacts and projected costs of implementing each technology and categorizes them into three time frames for implementation.
Download or read book Energy Efficiency Guide for Industry in Asia written by United Nations Environment Programme. Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics and published by Bangkok : United Nations. This book was released on 2006 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its high rate of industrial growth, Asia is the main contributor to a growing global energy demand. At the same time the region is also bearing the consequences of negative economic, social and environmental impacts such as air and water pollution, waste disposal, floods and climate change. This guide is the primary output of the "Greenhouse gas emission reduction from industry in Asia and the Pacific (GERIAP)" project supporting Asian businesses to address climate change by becoming more energy efficient. It includes a methodology to improve energy efficiency, case studies of more than 40 Asian companies in five industry sectors, technical information for different energy equipment, training materials, and a contact and information database.
Download or read book The Greenhouse Gas Protocol written by and published by World Business Pub.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Download or read book Allocation of GHG Emissions in a Paper Mill an Application Tool to Reduce Emissions written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RESUM El sector de pasta i paper és considerat un dels set sectors industrials més intensius en consum energètic. La producció i consum delectricitat i de vapor esdevenen les fonts majoritàries demissions de gasos defecte hivernacle en aquest sector industrial. Les fàbriques papereres poden assolir objectius de reducció d'emissions mitjançant reducció en origen (substitució de combustibles, introducció d'energies renovables) o bé a partir de mesures deficiència energètica en el propi procés. En aquest context, sha desenvolupat un mètode de distribució demissions que permet assignar a cada unitat doperació del procés paperer, el seu grau de responsabilitat en emissions. També shan avaluat diferents mètodes de càlcul de factors demissió de vapor i electricitat, tant per plantes de cogeneració com per sistemes individuals. A partir daquesta avaluació shan proposat nous mètodes alternatius als analitzats. Aquests mètodes i els factors demissions shan aplicat a dues fàbriques papereres catalanes. ABSTRACT Pulp and paper sector is considered one of the seven industrial sectors with a higher energy intensive profile. Power and steam production and consumption are the main responsible for green house gas emissions of this industrial activity. Paper industries can achieve reductive emission targets by considering emissions origin (replacing fuels, aplying renewable energies) as well as improving energy efficiency of the process itself. An emission allocation tool has been developed with the purpose of approaching to each unit operation of the papermaking process its related emissions share. In addition, energy-emission factors regarding power and steam generation in combined heat and power plants and in single heat and power systems have been evaluated. Some new methods for calculating different emission factors have been proposed after the analysis. Two Catalan paper mills have been used as case-studies to apply, both allocation method and emission factors.
Download or read book Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's economy and lifestyles have been shaped by the low prices and availability of energy. In the last decade, however, the prices of oil, natural gas, and coal have increased dramatically, leaving consumers and the industrial and service sectors looking for ways to reduce energy use. To achieve greater energy efficiency, we need technology, more informed consumers and producers, and investments in more energy-efficient industrial processes, businesses, residences, and transportation. As part of the America's Energy Future project, Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States examines the potential for reducing energy demand through improving efficiency by using existing technologies, technologies developed but not yet utilized widely, and prospective technologies. The book evaluates technologies based on their estimated times to initial commercial deployment, and provides an analysis of costs, barriers, and research needs. This quantitative characterization of technologies will guide policy makers toward planning the future of energy use in America. This book will also have much to offer to industry leaders, investors, environmentalists, and others looking for a practical diagnosis of energy efficiency possibilities.
Download or read book Introduction to Energy Analysis written by Kornelis Blok and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-17 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an introduction to energy analysis for those students who want to specialise in this challenging field. In comparison to other textbooks, this book provides a balanced treatment of complete energy systems, covering the demand side, the supply side, and the energy markets that connect these. The emphasis is very much on presenting a range of tools and methodologies that will help students find their way in analysing real world problems in energy systems. This new edition has been updated throughout and contains additional content on energy transitions and improvements in the treatment of several energy systems analysis approaches. Featuring learning objectives, further readings and practical exercises in each chapter, Introduction to Energy Analysis will be essential reading for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students with a background in the natural sciences and engineering. This book may also be useful for professionals dealing with energy issues, as a first introduction into the field.
Download or read book The Role of Industrial Energy Efficiency and Fuel Switching as Pathways to Net zero Emissions in the Canadian Pulp and Paper Sector written by Christophe George Owttrim and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial decarbonization is a critical challenge along the pathway to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at a sufficient scale and pace to avoid the worst impacts of climate change. The intrinsic energy- and emissions-intensive nature of heavy industry has led to the recognition that efforts to change the profile of industrial energy use could play a major role in meeting this challenge. This concept, defined broadly as industrial energy efficiency, encompasses a category of technology solutions such as process improvements, equipment upgrades, and fuel switching within sector boundaries. These and other efficiency technologies are notable for their potential to lower industrial emissions while improving (rather than reducing) competitiveness. Robust analysis of the costs and benefits of efficiency as a comprehensive technology suite can help to overcome known barriers to adoption including poor awareness of efficiency opportunities and perceptions of high risk for efficiency investments. Understanding the impacts of efficiency can also be beneficial to policymakers by identifying effective emissions reduction pathways. The overall objective of this thesis is to develop a novel method for fully characterizing the techno-economic potential of industrial energy efficiency and in-sector fuel switching as solutions for energy savings and emissions reductions. This thesis demonstrates application of the method to the case study of the Canadian pulp and paper sector. To achieve the objective of this thesis, a technology-explicit energy and GHG emissions modelling and analysis framework was developed based on best practices for studies of energy efficiency and resource potential. The framework integrates a bottom-up sector energy model with a comprehensive database of energy efficiency technologies validated against data from actual projects in industry. Analysis of efficiency measures was linked to the sector energy model at the point of end-use secondary energy consumption, enabling more realistic representation of how efficiency technologies can impact final energy use. Technology-explicit applicability factors and iterative, cumulative analysis techniques were used to capture the expected impacts of measure overlap, interference, and diminishing returns so as to not overestimate the effects of all measures acting in parallel. Energy savings bandwidths and cost of saved energy curves were developed to characterize the energy savings potential associated with efficiency. Energy-driven GHG emissions abatement scenarios were then developed and analyzed within a Canada-wide energy and emissions model over a long-term planning horizon at both the sector and system level. Marginal GHG abatement cost curves were produced to provide insights into the most impactful and cost-effective technologies over the study period. The key findings of this work demonstrate that natural gas, biomass, and net electricity consumption in the Canadian pulp and paper sector could be reduced by 95%, 1%, and 41%, respectively, via adoption of economically viable efficiency technologies at current energy prices. Achieving this potential would significantly improve sector competitiveness by bringing it into alignment with international energy intensity benchmarks and by dramatically reducing energy costs. At current production levels, efficiency in the pulp and paper sector could reduce net demand for natural gas and electricity by 71 PJ/year and 44 PJ/year, respectively. Energy efficiency was also found to have significant potential as a tool for reducing GHG emissions. The annual GHG emissions abatement associated with economical efficiency measures was estimated to be 3.6 MtCO2e (46%) by 2030 and 4.9 MtCO2e (66%) by 2050 relative to business as usual. Accounting for the technical potential of all measures increases the abatement potential to 6.2 MtCO2e in 2050. Over the study period, energy efficiency was found to reduce cumulative sector GHG emissions by 107.6 MtCO2e (42%) through 2050 at a weighted average abatement cost of -$162/tCO2e. When considering system-level effects, the cumulative abatement rises by 44% to 155.6 MtCO2e through 2050. The results presented in this thesis provide a clear indication to industry and policymakers that energy efficiency could be the single most important technology solution to achieve emissions reduction targets at low or negative cost while enhancing pulp and paper sector competitiveness. The novel framework developed in this thesis can be adapted to any other jurisdiction or sector to produce similar insights. Further work is needed to determine how best to achieve the potential associated with industrial energy efficiency so that it can take a leading role in the transition to a prosperous low-carbon economy.
Download or read book Energy Efficiency and GHG Emissions written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyses the role of technology innovation in the European pulp and paper industry from 2015 to 2050. The baseline scenario describes a decrease in energy consumption and GHG emissions by 14 % and 63 %, respectively, in a context in which the demand grows by 7 %. Without the technological improvement the respective variations would register an increase of 1 % and 5 %. Unlike the biorefineries concept, the carbon capture and storage technology does not become cost effective; although higher CO2 prices and rewarding the bio-CO2 captured could turn the industry into a carbon sink.
