Download or read book Improving Anti corrosive Properties of Electrochemically Formed Polypyrrole Coatings on Magnesium Alloy WE43 by Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites and Forced Passivation written by Logan Carrigan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Magnesium (Mg) alloys are some of the strongest engineering materials with respect to their low density, but are also highly reactive in most aqueous media, particularly media with chloride ions. Mg alloys have increasingly gained interest as materials used in the automotive industry and for biodegradable medical implants. However, the major obstacle for their effective application in these areas is their poor corrosion properties. In order to tackle this issue, research on the development of new corrosion resistant alloys and anti-corrosive coatings has been done extensively. With respect to the latter, electrochemically-formed polypyrrole (PPy) coatings are of interest. Previously, PPy had been polymerized in our laboratory onto Mg alloy WE43 for biodegradable implant applications and showed a significant decrease in the rate of corrosion. This project investigates two methods to further improve the corrosion protection properties of PPy coatings. The methods are based on (i) the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) into the PPy polymer matrix to create r-GO/PPy composite coatings (r-GO/PPy-WE43) on WE43, and (ii) the forced passivation of WE43 after being coated with PPy (passivated PPy-WE43). Using EIS and H2 evolution measurements the corrosion properties of each modified coating was measured using 3.5 wt.% NaCl over a period of 72 hours. Compared to unmodified PPy coated WE43 (PPy-WE43), the total corrosion resistance observed an increase of 82% and 110% for r-GO/PPy-WE43 and passivated PPy-WE43 respectively. Corrosion protection efficiencies for both modifications were measured to be double that of PPy-WE43 using both EIS and H2 gas measurements. Following these results anti-corrosion mechanisms for both modifications, r-GO/PPy-WE43 and passivated PPy-WE43, were hypothesized." --

Download or read book PECVD formed Polymer Coatings for the Corrosion Protection of Biocompatible Magnesium Alloy WE43 written by Zhuoya Deng and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Magnesium (Mg) alloys have gained increasing attention for biomedical applications recently. Current permanently-implanted metallic implants for orthopaedic and cardiovascular applications could cause a range of complications, such as endothelial dysfunction, restenosis and local inflammation, which require subsequent surgical interventions. Magnesium and its alloys may be applied as potential biodegradable materials for such applications due to their good mechanical properties, biocompatibility and degradability. Mg alloy degrades via corrosion reaction in the body and should disappear once it finishes surgical fixation. However, the rapid degradation (corrosion) rate of Mg-based implants in the physiological environment poses challenge of their commercialization and widespread use. Formation of anti-corrosive coating is an effective technique to control the corrosion rate of Mg and its alloy. This research focused on investigating the possibility of using biocompatible plasma polymer coatings fabricated by PECVD under various deposition condition, varying from pressure, deposition time and gas ratio to control degradation rate of a biocompatible Mg alloy WE43. Preliminary measurements confirmed that a PECVD coating produced from 1,3-butadiene and ammonia (PPB:N) offered best anti-corrosive properties, and this coating was subsequently chosen for further optimization and characterization for its anti-corrosive properties. It was found that the anti-corrosive properties of the PPB:N depend on both the deposition time and deposition pressure. The optimum coating-formation conditions were determined to be at 100 Pa and 40 minutes of deposition. The coating produced under these conditions offered a protection efficiency of 99.7% after 20 hours of immersion in PBS. Long-term tests evidenced that the PPB:N coating offered a 92% of protection efficiency even after 10 days of immersion in corrosive PBS. Hence, this coating can be considered as a good candidate for control of corrosion rate of a biomedical grade Mg alloy WE43." --

Download or read book Corrosion Protection of Metals and Alloys Using Graphene and Biopolymer Based Nanocomposites written by Hatem M. A. Amin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers corrosion protection of metals and alloys using graphene and biopolymer composites, which currently represent the greener alternatives to anti-corrosive coatings. Nanocomposites of graphene provide an eco-friendly, strong, and efficient inhibitor of corrosion, and biopolymers.

Download or read book Formation of Corrosion Resistant Organic Polymer Coatings by an Electrochemical Process written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project dealt with the formation, characterization and properties of corrosion resistant polypyrrole and substituted polypyrrole coatings. Aqueous electropolymerization was used to apply polypyrrole coatings onto low carbon steel (99.9% (Fe), 0.1% C). Galvanostatic electropolymerization was used throughout the course of this project. The progress of electropolymerization was followed by tracing the potential time (E-t) curve as a function of the reaction variables. Aqueous electropolymerization of pyrrole and methylpyrrole occurred instantaneously in basic medium (pH>/= 8.4). However, three distinct reactions occurred in acidic medium (pH /= 6.0). These reactions were identified as the oxidation of steel, passivation of steel and polymerization. Polymerization commenced after steel was completely covered by the passive coatings. The transition of steel from a reactive substrate to a passive substrate is marked by the change in the electrode potential from negative values (approx.-0.44 vs SCE) to positive values 0.65 vs SCE. The passivation time decreased with increased applied current. In acidic medium, the passivation time was minimum at pH 2.4. The adhesion strength of the polypyrrole coated steel was determined to be about 56% higher than that for uncoated steel. The adhesion strength varied with the electrochemical process parameters. Low pH and low current densities produced coatings with highest adhesion strength approx. 23 MPa. The corrosion rate of the polypyrrole coated steel was shown to be very low 2.9 - 0.16 mpy compared to that for the control of about 41.36 mpy.

Download or read book Corrosion Protection of Metals by Intrinsically Conducting Polymers written by Pravin P. Deshpande and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-01-13 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of conducting polymers for the anticorrosion protection of metals has attracted great interest during the last 30 years. The design and development of conducting polymers-based coating systems with commercial viability is expected to be advanced by applying nanotechnology and has received substantial attention recently. This book begins wit

Download or read book Corrosion Preventive Materials and Corrosion Testing written by S.K. Dhawan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-02 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an extensive coverage of conjugated polymer based nano-composite coatings with advanced anti-corrosive properties. The book gives detailed explanation of corrosion testing methods and techniques to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the coatings. It includes elaborate discussion on classification of corrosion, electrochemistry of corrosion process, theories explaining the mechanism of corrosion and various corrosion testing standards. Electrochemical studies like open circuit potential (OCP) variation with time, potentiodynamic polarization, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and accelerated corrosion testing are highlighted as important tools to extract information about the behavior of coatings under corrosive conditions. The book discusses epoxy-conjugated polymer based novel composite coating formulations, including aniline and o-toluidine, o-anisidine, phenetidine and pentafluoroaniline with appropriate fillers like SiO2, flyash, ZrO2 nanoparticles, and chitosan for the protection of metallic substrates. A general discussion on the self healing mechanism of epoxy-polypyrrole based biopolymer hybrid composite coatings is included in this book. This book provides a critical review on the conjugated polymer based composite coatings with superior corrosion resistance, good mechanical integrity, better adhesion properties and self healing ability under highly aggressive conditions which can be commercially used for the protection of metal substrates from corrosion.

Download or read book Corrosion Resist Coatings written by Ichiro Suzuki and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-07-17 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helping engineers select and apply widely used metallic, inorganic and organic coatings in natural environments, this authoritative focuses on coatings that protect against moisture, water, pollutants, and aggressive speciues. It closely examines their protective mechanisms, production methods, physical and chemical properties and protective abilities in various environments.

Download or read book Towards Lightweight Nanocomposite Coatings for Corrosion Inhibition written by Robert Vincent III. Dennis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of nanocomposites is a burgeoning area of research due to the interest in the remarkable properties which can be achieved through their use in a variety of applications, including corrosion resistant coatings. Lightweighting is of increasing importance in the world today due to the ever growing push towards energy efficiency and the green movement and in recent years there has been a vast amount of research performed in the area of developing lightweight nanocomposites for corrosion inhibition. Many new composite materials have been developed through the use of newly developed nanomaterials (including carbonaceous and metallic constituents) and their specialized incorporation in the coating matrix materials. We start with a general review on the development of hybrid nanostructured composites for corrosion protection of base metals from a sustainability perspective in Chapter 1. This review demonstrates the ever swelling requirements for a paradigm shift in the way that we protect metals against corrosion due to the costs and environmental concerns that exist with currently used technology. In Chapter 2, we delve into the much required understanding of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide through near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy measurements to elucidate information about the electronic structure upon incorporation of nitrogen within the structure. For successful integration of the carbonaceous nanomaterials into a composite coating, a full swath of knowledge is necessary. Within this work we have shown that upon chemical defunctionalization of graphene oxide to reduced graphene oxide by means of hydrazine treatment, nitrogen is incorporated into the structure in the form of a pyrazole ring.In Chapter 3, we demonstrate that by way of in situ polymerization, graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotubes can be incorporated within a polymer (polyetherimide, PEI) matrix. Two systems have been developed including graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotubes that act synergistically at a concentration of 2 wt.% each along with graphene at 20 wt.%. The in situ polymerization technique allows for well dispersed carbon nanomaterials within the polymer matrix, which is always a necessary requirement for success as a multifunctional composite coating. After testing in harsh corrosive brine environments these coatings outperformed the polymer by itself and even Zn galvanized steel, lowering the estimated corrosion rate by several orders of magnitude.Chapter 4 displays the possible uses of functionalized carbon nanomaterials in the design of a nanocomposite for corrosion resistance. In this work we establish a method of crosslinking and curing of the polymer matrix using the carbon nanofiller materials as a curing agent through the knowledge partially developed from work outlined in Chapter 2. Here we have used the native functional groups (hydroxyls and carboxylic acids) on graphene oxide and oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes to initiate the curing reaction with a well-known commercially available and commonly used epoxy resin. This technology allows for the chemical integration of the nanofiller within the polymer matrix, ensuring excellent dispersion, and also removing the need for often toxic curing agents. The nanocomposites created here have also been tested for their corrosion resistant properties. Concluding with Chapter 5, we exploit some of our previous work on the development of nanostructured magnesium for use in corrosion resistant coatings based on Mg-rich primer technology. It was shown that Mg nanoplatelets allow for a much increased surface area for interaction with the polymer matrix, leading to excellent property enhancement at a significantly reduced pigment volume concentration and coating thickness. These enhancements lead to less material being used, lighter/thinner coatings, and improved performance. These nano Mg-rich primer formulations were shown to protect the underlying steel substrates from corrosion upon breakdown, in the form of a scratch to the metal surface, of the coating; preferentially oxidizing before the iron in steel. The coatings also were found to reduce the corrosion rate by up to 4 orders of magnitude.

Download or read book Magnesium Technology 2019 written by Vineet V. Joshi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Magnesium Technology Symposium, the event on which this collection is based, is one of the largest yearly gatherings of magnesium specialists in the world. Papers represent all aspects of the field, ranging from primary production to applications to recycling. Moreover, papers explore everything from basic research findings to industrialization. Magnesium Technology 2019 covers a broad spectrum of current topics, including alloys and their properties; cast products and processing; wrought products and processing; forming, joining, and machining; corrosion and surface finishing; and structural applications. In addition, there is coverage of new and emerging applications.

Download or read book Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation PEO Coatings written by Marta Mohedano and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), also known as micro-arc oxidation (MAO), functionalizes surfaces, improving the mechanical, thermal, and corrosion performance of metallic substrates, along with other tailored properties (e.g., biocompatibility, catalysis, antibacterial response, self-lubrication, etc.). The extensive field of applications of this technique ranges from structural components, in particular, in the transport sector, to more advanced fields, such as bioengineering. The present Special Issue covers the latest advances in PEO‐coated light alloys for structural (Al, Mg) and biomedical applications (Ti, Mg), with 10 research papers and 1 review from leading research groups around the world.

Download or read book Molybdenum written by E.R. Braithwaite and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molybdenum is an element with an extremely rich and interesting chemistry having very versatile applications in various fields of human activity. It is used extensively in metallurgical applications. Because of their anti-wear properties, molybdenum compounds find wide applications as lubricants - particularly in extreme or hostile environmental situations. Many molybdates and heteropolymolybdates are white and therefore used as pigments. In addition, they are non-toxic and act as efficient corrosion inhibitors and smoke suppressants. Hydroprocessing of petroleum is one of the largest industries employing heterogeneous catalysts. Molybdenum catalysts have shown great promise in the liquefaction of coal and this may develop into one of its most important catalytic uses. The use of molybdenum compounds in homogeneous catalysis is also significant. Three important classes of molybdenum compounds in the solid state are reviewed, viz., oxides, sulphides and halides. The role of molybdenum in inorganic catalysis and enzymes receives prominent mention because of their impact on the progress of science and technology. Further biochemical and enzymic factors are discussed in separate chapters and their reaction to agriculture and animal husbandry. A new classification of covalent compounds which abandons the traditional oxidation state concept allows a powerful approach to the organisation of the complex and rich chemistry of molybdenum. Dramatic colour diagrams of abundances of molybdenum compounds provide broad insights into the important features and trends in the chemistry of molybdenum including reactivity and mechanism. The book is intended for use mainly as a research monograph by the many workers who may encounter molybdenum chemistry or who are looking for its application and potential uses in different technological fields. However, it will also serve as an advanced text for university lecturers and postgraduate students interested in inorganic, physical and industrial chemistry, chemical technology or biochemistry and biotechnology.

Download or read book Fundamental Biomaterials Metals written by Preetha Balakrishnan and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental Biomaterials: Metals provides current information on the development of metals and their conversion from base materials to medical devices. Chapters analyze the properties of metals and discuss a range of biomedical applications, with a focus on orthopedics. While the book will be of great use to researchers and professionals in the development stages of design for more appropriate target materials, it will also help medical researchers understand, and more effectively communicate, the requirements for a specific application. With the recent introduction of a number of interdisciplinary bio-related undergraduate and graduate programs, this book will be an appropriate reference volume for students. It represents the second volume in a three volume set, each of which reviews the most important and commonly used classes of biomaterials, providing comprehensive information on materials properties, behavior, biocompatibility and applications. - Provides current information on metals and their conversion from base materials to medical devices - Includes analyses of types of metals, discussion of a range of biomedical applications, and essential information on corrosion, degradation and wear and lifetime prediction of metal biomaterials - Explores both theoretical and practical aspects of metals in biomaterials

Download or read book Phase Diagrams of Binary Magnesium Alloys written by Ali A. Nayeb-Hashemi and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corrosion and Surface Chemistry of Metals written by Dieter Landolt and published by EPFL Press. This book was released on 2007-05-02 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textbook; grad.

Download or read book Materials Science for Dentistry written by B W Darvell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-04-29 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.688 pagesApprox.688 pages

Download or read book Cyber Physical Attacks written by George Loukas and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyber-Physical Attacks: A Growing Invisible Threat presents the growing list of harmful uses of computers and their ability to disable cameras, turn off a building's lights, make a car veer off the road, or a drone land in enemy hands. In essence, it details the ways cyber-physical attacks are replacing physical attacks in crime, warfare, and terrorism. The book explores how attacks using computers affect the physical world in ways that were previously only possible through physical means. Perpetrators can now cause damage without the same risk, and without the political, social, or moral outrage that would follow a more overt physical attack. Readers will learn about all aspects of this brave new world of cyber-physical attacks, along with tactics on how to defend against them. The book provides an accessible introduction to the variety of cyber-physical attacks that have already been employed or are likely to be employed in the near future. - Demonstrates how to identify and protect against cyber-physical threats - Written for undergraduate students and non-experts, especially physical security professionals without computer science background - Suitable for training police and security professionals - Provides a strong understanding of the different ways in which a cyber-attack can affect physical security in a broad range of sectors - Includes online resources for those teaching security management

Download or read book Handbook of Adhesives and Sealants written by Edward M. Petrie and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2007-01-02 with total page 1075 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Adhesives and Sealants, 2nd Edition is primarily written to assist all those who have a permanent or temporary interest in adhesives and sealants. For those new to the field, the Handbook will provide a fundamental knowledge base of materials and processes as well as reasons why they work and (more importantly) why they don’t work. To the more experienced reader, the breadth and thoroughness of the Handbook will provide a way to reduce time spent on trial and error development or on searching for the optimal recommended process. For the academic, the Handbook will connect the important theories regarding surface science, polymeric materials, and mechanics with practical products and applications of commercial significance. This edition includes major new sections on radiation curable adhesive, biological and naturally occurring adhesives, inorganic adhesives, role of bulk properties of the adhesive, non-destructive testing, and industrial application methods. A completely new chapter is devoted to adhesives used in various industries such as automobile, electrical / electronic, construction, packaging, aerospace, household do-it-yourself, and medical.