Download or read book Improved Heat Transfer from Radioactive Waste Canisters written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From joint meeting of the American Nuclear Society and the Atomic lndustrial Forum and Nuclear Energy Exhibition; San Francisco, California, USA (11 Nov 1973). Since the radioisotope content that can be tolerated in a canister full of radioactive waste is limited by the amount of heat which can be dissipated from the waste to the surroundings, the heat transfer characteristics of a simple cylindrical canister containing only nonmetallic radioactive wastes were compared with canisters having the following design or content modifications: annular canisters; internally finned canisters; canisters with multiple cooling ports; intimately mixed metal-waste composites; and alternate layers of metal and heat-generating ceramic wastes. The cost of fabricating, filling, and handling cylindrical, annular, and internally finned containers was compared. It was concluded that each modification would contribute to improved heat transfer from the waste to the surroundings and that annular and finned containers capable of containing large waste quantities would have a cost advantage over simple cylindrical containers, but that this cost advantage would be offset by an increase in operating costs for filling, shipping, and maintaining the integrity of the larger containers. (LCL).
Download or read book Heat Transfer Analysis of the High level Waste Canister written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents the results of a preliminary, two-month study to determine the design constraints imposed by heat transfer considerations on canisters containing solidified, high-level nuclear waste. The waste is derived from the reprocessing of light water reactor fuel for uranium recycle at 160 days after reactor discharge. The study was conducted for Rockwell Hanford Operations in support of their high-level Waste Canister Envelope study. Candidate solidified waste forms considered in this study are in-can melted borosilicate glass and stabilized calcine. Each canister is assumed to be ten feet long, filled with waste to a height of eight feet, and fabricated of 304L stainless steel. Air- and water-cooled interim storage of the canister at the Fuels Reprocessing Plant (FRP) are considered prior to ultimate storage in deep geologic media at Federal repositories. Candidate repository media are salt, shale and basalt. Canister design constraints arise because of the need to maintain the waste forms, canisters, and geologic media below certain critical temperatures. Design constraints, in terms of the maximum allowable canister diameter and heat load, are presented for interim storage at the FRP and for ultimate storage at the repositories. For interim storage, these constraints are presented parametrically in terms of: the time since reprocessing (i.e., the waste age) at which the canister is filled and enters interim storage; the type of cooling used during interim storage; the temperature constraints that may be imposed; and whether or not the canister is overpacked. For geologic storage it is assumed that the canister is overpacked and enters geologic storage ten years after reprocessing. Preliminary conclusions, and recommendations for future analyses, are presented.
Download or read book The effects of stabilizers on the heat transfer characteristics of a nuclear waste canister written by Kambiz Vafai and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Convective Heat Transfer Within Spent Fuel Canisters written by Majid Keyhani and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Stabilizer on the Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Nuclear Waste Canister written by Kambiz Vafai and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Temperature and Pressure Distribution of Containers for Nuclear Waste Material Disposal in Space written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geological Repository Systems for Safe Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuels and Radioactive Waste written by Michael J Apted and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological Repository Systems for Safe Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuels and Radioactive Waste, Second Edition, critically reviews state-of-the-art technologies and scientific methods relating to the implementation of the most effective approaches to the long-term, safe disposition of nuclear waste, also discussing regulatory developments and social engagement approaches as major themes. Chapters in Part One introduce the topic of geological disposal, providing an overview of near-surface, intermediate depth, and deep borehole disposal, spanning low-, medium- and high-level wastes. Part Two addresses the different types of repository systems – crystalline, clay, and salt, also discussing methods of site surveying and construction. The critical safety issue of engineered barrier systems is the focus of Part Three, with coverage ranging from nuclear waste canisters, to buffer and backfill materials. Lastly, Parts Four and Five focus on safety, security, and acceptability, concentrating on repository performance assessment, then radiation protection, environmental monitoring, and social engagement. Comprehensively revised, updated, and expanded with 25% new material on topics of current importance, this is the standard reference for all nuclear waste management and geological repository professionals and researchers. Contains 25% more material on topics of current importance in this new, comprehensive edition Fully updated coverage of both near-surface/intermediate depth, and deep borehole disposal in one convenient volume Goes beyond the scientific and technical aspects of disposal to include the political, regulatory, and societal issues involved, all from an international perspective
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Forms for the Future written by Werner Lutze and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1988 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a compilation of important information on the full range of radioactive waste forms that have been developed, or at least suggested, for the incorporation of high-level nuclear waste. Many of the results were published in the ''gray literature'' of final reports of national laboratories or in various, generally less available, proceedings volumes. This is the first publication to draw information on nuclear waste forms for high-level wastes together into a single volume. Although borosilicate glass has become the standard waste form, additional research in this compound is still necessary. With improved technology (particularly processing technologies) and with a more detailed knowledge of repository conditions, glasses and second generation waste forms with improved performance properties can be developed. Sustained research programs on nuclear waste form development will yield results that can only add to public confidence and the final, safe disposal of nuclear waste. The aim of this volume is to provide a 'spring board' for these future research efforts. A detailed presentation is given on the properties and performance of non-crystalline waste forms (borosilicate glass, sintered glass, and lead-iron phosphate glass), and crystalline waste forms (Synroc, tailored ceramics, TiO 2 - ceramic matrix, glass-ceramics and FUETAP concrete). A chapter on Novel Waste Forms reviews a number of methods that warrant further development because of their potential superior performance and unique applications. The final chapter includes a tabulated comparison of important waste form properties and an extended discussion on the corrosion process and radiation damage effects for each waste form. Of particular interest is a performance assessment of nuclear waste borosilicate glass and the crystalline ceramic Synroc. This is the first detailed attempt to compare these two important waste forms on the basis of their materials properties. The discussion emphasizes the difficulties in making such a comparison and details the types of data that are required. Each chapter has been written by an expert and includes a current compilation of waste form properties with an extensive list of references. This volume will provide a stimulus for future research as well as useful reference material for scientists working in the field of nuclear waste disposal and materials science.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Annotated Bibliography for the Design of Waste Packages for Geologic Disposal of Spent Fuel and High level Waste written by K. J. Wurm and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Information Base for Waste Repository Design Waste written by Analytic Sciences Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Waste Conditioning written by France. Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA) and published by Le Moniteur Editions. This book was released on 2009 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improving Heat Transfer in Spent Nuclear Fuel Disposal Packages Using Metallic Void Fillers written by Yongsoo Park (S.M.) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal packages containing high heat generating spent nuclear fuels (SNF) require improved heat transfer to keep the peak cladding temperature from going above the tolerance limit. Filling the accessible void spaces between the container and the SNF with a high heat conducting metal is a potential solution. In metal casting, it is well known that a gap forms at the metal-mold interface due to solidification shrinkage and it significantly reduces heat transfer during cooling. This negative heat transfer effect is persistent for a disposal package since the filler stays in the container after solidification. The key to close the gap is to promote metallic bonding by minimizing the oxidation of the container during the required preheating stage of the void filling process. However, direct contact between the container and the molten filler can lead to the growth of intermetallic phases, which can embrittle the container. The contribution of this work is twofold. First, through a down-scaled experiment, it was shown that coating a steel container with Zn and using Zn or Zn-4wt.%Al as a filler and unidirectionally cooling the melt from the bottom successfully suppressed the formation of the gap. Closing the gap increased the effective thermal conductivity of the package by a factor of roughly 6 under the employed experimental conditions. Second, tests showed that using near eutectic Zn-Al and executing the filling process at a temperature below the melting point of Zn suppressed the growth of any intermetallic phases. Specifically, this prevents the growth of Fe-Zn intermetallic phases due to the sufficiently high composition of Al, and it inhibits the dissolution and diffusion of Fe from the container by extending the presence of the ZnO diffusion barrier, which delays the growth of the Fe-Al intermetallic phases.
Download or read book Disposition of High Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-05 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.
Download or read book Status of Technology for Isolating High level Radioactive Wastes in Geologic Repositories written by Cyrus Klingsberg and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coupled Processes Associated with Nuclear Waste Repositories written by Chin-Fu Tsang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coupled Processes Associated with Nuclear Waste Repositories covers the proceedings of the 1985 International Symposium on Coupled Processes Associated with Nuclear Waste Repositories. The study of the behavior of geologic waste repositories is based on the coupled thermal, hydrologic, chemical, and mechanical processes that may occur in these systems. The symposium is sponsored by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the U.S. Department of Energy, in collaboration with the Nuclear Energy Authority in Paris and the Commission of the European Communities in Brussels. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 58 chapters. The introductory parts survey the concerns and interests from American and European agencies that have responsibilities in nuclear waste isolation research. These parts also provide overviews of coupled processes, with a particular emphasis on hydrology, geomechanics, and geochemistry. These topics are followed by summaries of major field projects on nuclear waste repositories in the U.S.A., France, Sweden, Canada, Belgium, and Switzerland. The fourth part covers considerable research results from topical studies of particular coupled processes. The concluding part provides the comments and discussion of various international researchers on the subject. This work will be of value to geology, hydrology, chemistry, thermodynamics, and rock mechanics students and researchers.
