Download or read book Lead Free Piezoelectrics written by Shashank Priya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-19 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological restrictions in many parts of the world are demanding the elimination of Pb from all consumer items. At this moment in the piezoelectric ceramics industry, there is no issue of more importance than the transition to lead-free materials. The goal of Lead-Free Piezoelectrics is to provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and developments in the field of lead-free materials and products to leading researchers in the world. The text presents chapters on demonstrated applications of the lead-free materials, which will allow readers to conceptualize the present possibilities and will be useful for both students and professionals conducting research on ferroelectrics, piezoelectrics, smart materials, lead-free materials, and a variety of applications including sensors, actuators, ultrasonic transducers and energy harvesters.

Download or read book Perovskites written by Richard J. D. Tilley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uniquely describes both the crystallography and properties of perovskite related materials. Practical applications in solar cells, microelectronics and telecommunications Interdisciplinary topic drawing on materials science, chemistry, physics, and geology Contains problems and answers to enhance knowledge retention

Download or read book Transparent Semiconducting Oxides written by Zbigniew Galazka and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses various aspects of different bulk TSO single crystals in terms of thermodynamics; bulk crystal growth using diverse techniques involving gas phase, solution, and melt; and the resulting crystal size, appearance, and structural quality as well as the fundamental properties that were gathered from bulk single crystals. It presents experimental results accompanied by theoretical results, such as band structure and native defects. Combinations of various bulk single crystals along with their properties show great promise in practical device functionality and fabrication. Many TSO-based devices have already been demonstrated in several technical areas, including electronics, optoelectronics, and photovoltaics as well as sensing devices. The book is the first of its kind that brings together a variety of bulk single crystals of scientifically and technically important TSOs along with their properties, which may result in novel devices with unique functionalities.

Download or read book III Nitride Ultraviolet Emitters written by Michael Kneissl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-12 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in group III-nitride based ultraviolet LED and laser technologies, covering different substrate approaches, a review of optical, electronic and structural properties of InAlGaN materials as well as various optoelectronic components. In addition, the book gives an overview of a number of key application areas for UV emitters and detectors, including water purification, phototherapy, sensing, and UV curing. The book is written for researchers and graduate level students in the area of semiconductor materials, optoelectronics and devices as well as developers and engineers in the various application fields of UV emitters and detectors.

Download or read book Ferroelectric Thin Films X Volume 688 written by Materials Research Society. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2002-05 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.

Download or read book Epitaxial Oxide Thin Films II Volume 401 written by James S. Speck and published by . This book was released on 1996-03-29 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our understanding and control of epitaxial oxide heterostructures has progressed along multiple frontiers including magnetic, dielectric, ferroelectric, and superconducting oxide materials. This has resulted in both independent rediscovery and the successful borrowing of ideas from ceramic science, solid-state physics, and semiconductor epitaxy. A new field of materials science has emerged which aims at the use of the intrinsic properties of various oxide materials in single-crystal thin-film form. Exploiting the potential of these materials, however, will only be possible if many fundamental and engineering questions can be answered. This book represents continued progress toward fulfilling that promise. Technical information on epitaxial oxide thin films from industry, academia and government laboratories is presented. Topics include: dielectrics; ferroelectrics; optics; superconductors; magnetics; magnetoresistance.

Download or read book Nanostructures in Ferroelectric Films for Energy Applications written by Jun Ouyang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-06-06 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructures in Ferroelectric Films for Energy Applications: Grains, Domains, Interfaces and Engineering Methods presents methods of engineering nanostructures in ferroelectric films to improve their performance in energy harvesting and conversion and storage. Ferroelectric films, which have broad applications, including the emerging energy technology, usually consist of nanoscale inhomogeneities. For polycrystalline films, the size and distribution of nano-grains determines the macroscopic properties, especially the field-induced polarization response. For epitaxial films, the energy of internal long-range electric and elastic fields during their growth are minimized by formation of self-assembled nano-domains. This book is an accessible reference for both instructors in academia and R&D professionals. - Provides the necessary components for the systematic study of the structure-property relationship in ferroelectric thin film materials using case studies in energy applications - Written by leading experts in the research areas of piezoelectrics, electrocalorics, ferroelectric dielectrics (especially in capacitive energy storage), ferroelectric domains, and ferroelectric-Si technology - Includes a well balanced mix of theoretical design and simulation, materials processing and integration, and dedicated characterization methods of the involved nanostructures

Download or read book Development of High Performance Piezoelectric AlScN for Microelectromechanical Systems Towards a Ferroelectric Wurtzite Structure written by Simon Fichtner and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-02-18 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The usage of piezoelectric and ferroelectric thin films is a promising approach to significantly increase the functionality of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) as well as of microelectronics in general. Since the device performance thus becomes directly connected to the properties of the functional film, new as well as improved piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials can allow substantial technological innovation. This dissertation focused on enhancing the piezoelectric properties of AlN by forming solid solutions with ScN and includes the first experimental observation of ferroelectricity in AlScN, and thus the first discovery of ferroelectricity in a III-V semiconductor based material in general. Compared to AlN, piezoelectric coefficients that are up to 450% higher were realized in AlScN, with d33f reaching a maximum of 17.2 pm/V and e31f reaching 3.2 C/m2. In this context, the identification and subsequent rectification of a major morphological instability in AlScN that becomes more pronounced with increasing Sc content was reported. Thus, films free of morphological inhomogeneities with close to ideal piezoelectric properties could be deposited up to 0.43% ScN. Control of the intrinsic film stress was demonstrated over a wide range from strongly tensile to strongly compressive for all the investigated Sc contents. The improved piezoelectric coefficients together with the possibility of stress control allowed the fabrication of suspended MEMS structures with electromechanical coupling coefficients improved by more than 320% relative to AlN. Ferroelectrictiy in AlScN was observed starting at ScN contents of 27%. Its emergence was connected to the same gradual evolution from the initial wurtzite structure to the layered hexagonal structure that also causes the enhanced piezoelectric coefficients while increasing the Sc content. Ferroelectric AlScN allowed the first experimental observation of the spontaneous polarization of the wurtzite structure and confirms that this polarization is more than one order of magnitude above most previous theoretical predictions. The large, tunable coercive fields and polarization constants together with the broad linear strain intervals, a paraelectric transition temperature above 600°C as well as the technological compatibility of the III-nitrides lead to a combination of exceptional properties that was previously inaccessible in ferroelectric thin films.

Download or read book Epitaxial Oxide Thin Films III Volume 474 written by Chang-Beom Eom and published by Materials Research Society. This book was released on 1997-09-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of the progress towards, and potential realized in electronic and optical device applications, the interest in epitaxial oxide thin films continue to flourish. The understanding of epitaxial oxide heterostructures has progressed, including magnetic, magnetoresistive, dielectric, ferroelectric and superconducting oxide materials. This book focuses on the fundamental issues of oxide epitaxy, microstructural evolution in epitaxy, and physical properties of epitaxial oxide thin films and how these issues relate to device applications. The book provides a vehicle through which groups of scientists working on a set of diverse phenomena could interact and present findings on very common specific themes involving similar materials. Due to the explosive growth of work in the area of colossal magnetoresistive (CMR) materials, especially in epitaxial form, the book also offers a forum to critically examine the fundamental nature of CMR in epitaxial oxide thin films and the relationship between CMR and defect structure. Other areas of emphasis include: ferroelectric memories, nonlinear optical waveguides, microwave electronics and magnetic oxide thin films.