Download or read book Impact of Polycystic Ovary Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity on Women Health written by Andrea R. Genazzani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprehensively focuses on polycystic ovary, metabolic syndrome and obesity and their impact on women’s health, reproduction and quality of life from adolescence to old age. PCOS is analyzed form the early origins - highlighting the importance of diagnosis, management and treatment starting from the high-risk period of adolescence - throughout infertility PCOS-related issues, pregnancy and menopause transition. All aspects of this syndrome are covered also in relation with endocrine and metabolic features that affects women’s health. This book is a very useful tool for gynecologists, endocrinologists, obstetricians, reproductive medicine and general practitioners and is an important resource for all physicians involved in women’s health.

Download or read book Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by Andrea Dunaif and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-12 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes the latest diagnostic criteria for PCOS and comprises the most up-to-date information about the genetic features and pathogenesis of PCOS. It critically reviews the methodological approaches and the evidence for various PCOS susceptibility genes. The book also discusses additional familial phenotypes of PCOS and their potential genetic basis. All four editors of this title are extremely prominent in the field of PCOS.

Download or read book Frontiers in Gynecological Endocrinology written by Andrea R. Genazzani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents an up-to-date overview on ovarian functions and reproduction, providing the reader with the latest advances in gynecological endocrinology. It is published within the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology (ISGE) Series, and is based on the 2015 International School of Gynecological and Reproductive Endocrinology Winter Course. The book covers a very wide range of topics with particular focus on ovulation and assisted reproduction, ovarian aging and fertility, and premature ovarian failure. The volume will be an invaluable tool for gynecologists, endocrinologists, obstetrician, and experts in women’s health.

Download or read book Diagnosis and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by NADIR R. FARID and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-27 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagnosis and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a comprehensive clinical reference work for primary care physicians, internists, general endocrinologists, obstetricians, gynecologists and students. PCOS is a common but frequently misdiagnosed disease. Many symptoms can be alleviated by early intervention and effective management. Prominent endocrinologists are gathered to detail current research and treatment in this metabolic disorder, affecting a growing population. The chapters are comprehensive, providing cutting edge knowledge on pathogenesis, manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of PCOS. Each chapter will be concise concluding with cogent practice points. The variety of medical issues presenting in PCOS patients result in late referrals or in- appropriate advice. This title will be a tool in a further understanding of the metabolic and genetic basis of PCOS, while providing management strategies.

Download or read book Obesity Insulin Resistance and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by Anju Elizabeth Joham and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 12 to 21% of Australian reproductive-aged women and is a major public health concern (1-5). Whilst reproductive features (anovulation, infertility) are prominent, PCOS also has major metabolic [obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease risk factors] and psychological features (6-8). Obesity is a major chronic disease, with rising prevalence and diverse health impacts. The interplay between PCOS and weight contributes to the long-term consequences of PCOS, but is not well understood. Women with PCOS demonstrate insulin resistance (IR), which leads to adverse health consequences, both independent of and exacerbated by obesity. Here, I explore the poorly understood interplay between PCOS, IR, metabolic complications and weight.My clinical research aims to assess prevalence and severity of IR in PCOS and explore novel markers of IR: Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) and vitamin D. Women with PCOS were more insulin resistant than body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. IR was present in 75% of lean women with PCOS, 62% of overweight controls and 95% of overweight women with PCOS. IR was exacerbated by increased BMI. PEDF was not elevated in PCOS, was not associated with IR and was not reduced by exercise training, despite improved IR. It was mainly obesity related and is not a useful marker of IR. Despite similar adiposity, vitamin D levels were lower in overweight women with PCOS compared with overweight controls. Vitamin D was associated with IR in PCOS, but not in the non-PCOS group. PCOS is an insulin resistant state with intrinsic IR, exacerbated by lifestyle/obesity mediated extrinsic IR. Measurement of IR remains a challenge; novel simple markers of IR are needed. New interventions to manage IR, including potentially vitamin D, need to be studied.My epidemiological research examines the natural history of PCOS and the relationship between PCOS, weight and complications. Extensive data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH) was analysed to explore the prevalence of PCOS, the impact of obesity and relationship to reproductive and metabolic complications. We found that weight, body mass index (BMI) and weight gain over 10 years was higher in women reporting PCOS compared to those not reporting PCOS. BMI was the key predictor of PCOS status. Women with PCOS reported less contraception use and higher rates of trying to conceive, higher rates of infertility and use of fertility treatment including ovulation induction, but not increased in-vitro fertilisation. Reported pregnancy loss was higher in PCOS (related to fertility treatment and BMI, but not PCOS per se). The number of children per woman was similar in PCOS and non-PCOS groups, albeit with higher rates of fertility treatment. After conception and delivery, high BMI was negatively correlated with breastfeeding, suggesting the need for greater lactation support for overweight women. PCOS alone does not appear to impact on breastfeeding. PCOS was associated with higher prevalence of gestational diabetes and T2DM, independent of BMI. This suggests that all women with PCOS should be screened pre-conception or early in pregnancy, during pregnancy and in non-pregnant states for gestational diabetes and T2DM. PCOS status was not associated with hypertension, however BMI was, highlighting the need for blood pressure monitoring in overweight and obese women.This thesis addresses key gaps in our understanding of the natural history of PCOS. It provides important insight into aetiology and natural history of PCOS and advances the area by providing greater understanding of the interplay between BMI and PCOS and related complications.

Download or read book Hyperandrogenism in Women written by R. Pasquali and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2019-09-09 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hyperandrogenism profoundly affects women’s lives from lowering self-esteem to changing cognition and affective motivation. The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common androgen excess disorder worldwide. While it is not the focus of this book, some aspects are discussed. The aim of this book is to improve understanding of androgen excess and its impact on several conditions. Topics include development of adipose tissue in females, insulin sensitivity, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and Cushing’s disease/syndrome. There is also a discussion of PCOS with emphasis on in utero origins and specific genetic and epigenetic factors. This book provides a wealth of relevant information for every endocrinologist and gynecologist who wants to broaden their knowledge of androgens in various conditions.

Download or read book Clinical Gynecology written by Eric J. Bieber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 1127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the busy practice in mind, this book delivers clinically focused, evidence-based gynecology guidance in a quick-reference format. It explores etiology, screening, tests, diagnosis, and treatment for a full range of gynecologic health issues. The coverage includes the full range of gynecologic malignancies, reproductive endocrinology and infertility, infectious diseases, urogynecologic problems, gynecologic concerns in children and adolescents, and surgical interventions including minimally invasive surgical procedures. Information is easy to find and absorb owing to the extensive use of full-color diagrams, algorithms, and illustrations. The new edition has been expanded to include aspects of gynecology important in international and resource-poor settings.

Download or read book Female Reproductive Dysfunction written by Felice Petraglia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading international specialists, this book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of endocrine-based female reproductive disorders. Particularly focusing on the Hypothalamus – Pituitary – Ovary (HPO) axis as the main driver of reproduction in women, it discusses amenorrhea; chronic anovulation and polycystic ovary syndrome as the most common dysfunctions of the HPO axis; endocrine diseases as possible impacts on the HPO axis; uterine disorders related to estrogen/progesterone; and the impact of endometriosis and uterine fibroids on reproduction. It also addresses infertility and menopause as hormone-related disorders in women and endocrine changes during pregnancy and lactation, and in breast disorders. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, gynecologists, and obstetricians, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which provides access to live editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.

Download or read book Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-25 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women's healthcare regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome remains challenging. Patients often go from one specialist to another trying to fully understand and management the disorder. Women often go years before a diagnosis, seeing three or more doctors before a confirmed diagnosis. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Challenging Issues in the Modern Era of Individualized Medicine brings together multiple medical disciplines to improve the care of women with PCOS. Such a multidisciplinary clinical and scientific approach integrates obstetrics and gynecology, pediatric and medical endocrinology, internal medicine, genetics, psychology and laboratory medicine into relevant translational clinical and scientific discussions that update both the scientific understanding of PCOS and the diagnosis and management of all aspects of the syndrome. The impact of PCO on the onset of puberty is subdivided in sub sections to get a better understanding of this condition and the management at different stages in a woman's life. - Represents an unparalleled compilation of chapters from experts in the field relevant to contemporary polycystic ovarian syndrome - Covers aspects such as obesity, metabolic changes, and emotional changes associated with PCOS - Highlights contemporary management and the current understanding of this unique syndrome with a comprehensive and fresh approach

Download or read book Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders written by Albert Altchek and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-09-04 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated second edition of Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders provides thorough, yet succinct insight into the ever-changing realm of ovarian disorders. It presents a novel multidisciplinary approach to the subject as described by clinicians, surgeons, pathologists, basic scientists and related medical researchers. Topics covered include reproductive technology, early diagnosis of ovarian cancer, and management of menopause among others. The breadth of information provided by this book will appeal to clinicians and researchers involved in the study and treatment of ovarian disorders.KEY FEATURES* Includes updated information on early diagnosis of ovarian cancer* Reviews new diagnostic techniques for ovarian disorders* Discusses latest information on reproductive technology* Presents translational treatment linking laboratory research with clinical medicine

Download or read book Leptin and Reproduction written by Michael C. Henson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The isolation of leptin in 1994 and its characterization as a factor influencing appetite, energy balance, and adiposity, immediately thrust the polypeptide into the rapidly growing body of literature centered on the physiology of obesity. The growing clinical awareness of obesity as a major health risk in developed societies dovetailed perfectly with any of a number of roles that leptin might play in this abenant physiological condition. Almost unnoticed amidst the excitement generated by early leptin publications was the suggestion that the "fat hormone" might also regulate a wide range of systems and events important to reproduction, including pubertal development, gonadal endocrinology, fettility, and pregnancy. Recognizing this potential, a relatively small cadre of researchers began to examine leptin specifically as a reproductive hormone, thus creating a new and fertile field of investigation. Interest in this area has since gained momentum and an increased number of participants have now made significant contributions to our understanding of many leptin-related mechanisms that are relevant to reproductive biology. Leptin and Reproduction is the first major volume to specifically address leptin as a reproductive hormone and closely examines the advances made in the short time since this field of interest developed. Preeminent researchers ti'om many of the subdisciplines working within this area present a welcomed compendium of the wealth of related literature and voice novel interpretations of cun'ent advances.

Download or read book Obesity and Its Health Effects written by and published by Am Cncl on Science, Health. This book was released on with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Weight Gain During Pregnancy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As women of childbearing age have become heavier, the trade-off between maternal and child health created by variation in gestational weight gain has become more difficult to reconcile. Weight Gain During Pregnancy responds to the need for a reexamination of the 1990 Institute of Medicine guidelines for weight gain during pregnancy. It builds on the conceptual framework that underscored the 1990 weight gain guidelines and addresses the need to update them through a comprehensive review of the literature and independent analyses of existing databases. The book explores relationships between weight gain during pregnancy and a variety of factors (e.g., the mother's weight and height before pregnancy) and places this in the context of the health of the infant and the mother, presenting specific, updated target ranges for weight gain during pregnancy and guidelines for proper measurement. New features of this book include a specific range of recommended gain for obese women. Weight Gain During Pregnancy is intended to assist practitioners who care for women of childbearing age, policy makers, educators, researchers, and the pregnant women themselves to understand the role of gestational weight gain and to provide them with the tools needed to promote optimal pregnancy outcomes.

Download or read book Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by Gabor T. Kovacs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-02-22 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reproductive health problems of women. Despite this, its effective treatment remains a significant challenge to the medical profession. This second edition (published 2007) of a highly successful and well-reviewed book is a thorough update on the syndrome, its aetiology, pathology, impact on infertility, and effective medical management. Every chapter has been extensively referenced and completely revised and updated. New chapters cover: hyperinsulinemic insulin resistance; new treatments including in-vitro maturation; paediatric origins, including the Barker Hypothesis; adrenocortal dysfunction; polycystic ovary syndrome in non-western societies; surgical treatment of obesity associated with polycystic ovaries, and treatment with vitamins and minerals. The book is a reference text for all clinicians with an interest in reproductive endocrinology, including gynaecologists, IVF specialists and obstetricians.

Download or read book The Contributions of Body Composition and Endocrine Dysfunction to Metabolic Syndrome and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by Kevin Barry Comerford and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic Syndrome (METS) is characterized by a clustering of risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D). These risk factors are often defined by enlarged waist circumference, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol, but the true hallmarks of METS are obesity and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance and obesity are causally linked to each other, and both of them also independently drive all of the other risk factors for METS. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) only affects women, but shares many common traits with METS. The purpose of this dissertation is to uncover some of the relationships between METS, PCOS, insulin resistance, body composition and diet in order to better understand, treat and prevent these complex epidemics. Endocrine dysfunction or hormonal imbalances are often both the cause and result of metabolic disorders. Many of these hormones are designed, biologically speaking, to deal with incoming energy from the diet as well as energy stored in the body. Hormones such as insulin, leptin and cortisol serve multiple metabolic purposes and act as energy mobilizers as well as to modulate energy storage and energy sensing tasks. However, hormones do not act alone; they act in concert and often influence the actions and levels of other hormones. Systemic hormones such as insulin, thyroid hormone and cortisol are major regulators of metabolism as well as regulators of many other endocrine functions, but there are also other classes of hormones that regulate metabolism, namely those specifically derived from adipose tissue that play intricate roles in most metabolic processes. Adipokines, or proteins released from adipose tissue, also play a critical role in inflammation, insulin resistance, energy storage and nutrient transport. The well-known adipokines of this nature are interleukins, TNF-alpha and adiponectin, but they are only part of the story. Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) or retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) are two lesser known adipokines that have also shown strong correlations with obesity, insulin resistance and METS. Genetic deletions and overexpression of either of these molecules in animal models have dramatic effects on metabolism and alter how nutrients are transported, stored and utilized. In order to further investigate these relationships, obese subjects with METS were studied during two months of active weight loss to determine changes in adipokines, and insulin resistance parameters during two months of active weight loss. Blood was taken before and after weight loss and assayed for numerous biochemical markers including hormones, glucose, lipids and adipokines. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and indirect calorimetry were used to determine the effects of weight loss on body composition and whole body energy metabolism, respectively. It was found that active weight loss among female participants resulted in significantly increased FABP4 levels which is contrary to the previous research that shows the levels decreasing after weight loss. It appears that the changes in circulating levels of FABP4 are very time dependent and vary depending on where a person is on a weight loss plan with active weight loss increasing the levels in response to adipose tissue flux and then decreasing levels later on in the weight maintenance stages. Serum RBP4 displayed a different pattern and did not change after weight loss in our study which agrees with some, but not all of the previous research. It is possible that changes in serum RBP4 require larger amounts of weight loss than was seen in our study. Another key factor to metabolism is body composition. The tissues that our bodies are primarily composed of such as muscle and fat, are responsible for the large majority of our metabolic processes. Muscle and fat constantly and continually crosstalk with one another. If either of these tissues are metabolically compromised due to dietary and/or hormonal reasons then the other tissue needs to compensate and will also likely become compromised if the system stressors are not addressed. Thus, the study of body composition which includes both quantity and quality of fat and muscle is a key component to understanding and treating metabolic disorders. This research interest has been addressed using a population of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This disorder is considered a gender specific presentation of METS (a.k.a. Syndrome X) and has even been labeled Syndrome XX. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of increased lean mass on PCOS and parameters of insulin resistance using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) and DXA technology. The findings showed strong correlations with insulin resistance and lean mass in this population. Although these novel findings were quite controversial as lean mass is primarily linked with insulin sensitivity, these findings were very recently confirmed by independent researchers in an article that was published in Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes after our original publication. There definitely appears to be a unique relationship with PCOS, hormones, muscle mass and insulin resistance that suggests that muscle quality is altered in this syndrome and is a determining factor in the insulin resistance associated with it. Most people are not born obese or insulin resistant. These conditions usually develop slowly over time and may manifest in METS if proper care is not taken. The condition of being `overweight' could be considered a transition state along a path moving towards obesity. It is in the `overweight, yet still healthy' state in which people can be easily identified by health care providers and targeted for prevention of further progression into obesity and its associated health risks. In order to determine the effects of modest dietary intervention capabilities, overweight yet healthy subjects were recruited to take a soluble fiber supplement derived from corn, twice daily with their meals. Weight and body composition via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as well as blood lipids, glucose, hormones and adipokines were measured to determine the effects of the supplement without altering the subjects' diets. It was found that a simple supplement could have fairly impressive effects on weight loss, lipid reduction and decreasing fasting insulin levels in overweight adults, potentially stymieing their transition into an obese, insulin resistant or METS state. Obesity, insulin resistance, PCOS and METS are all issues linked to endocrine dysfunction, alteration in body composition, diet and lifestyle. Certain simple and inexpensive nutritional interventions can aid weight loss and improve insulin sensitivity without the costs and side effects associated with prescription medications. One simple dietary modification is to add fiber to the diet, with an emphasis on soluble fiber. Increased dietary fiber has been shown to help with appetite control, reduced caloric absorption and has also proved to beneficially affect all risk factors for METS.

Download or read book Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by Djuro Macut and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Establishing an integrative approach to the understanding and management of PCOS Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Recent years have shown substantial advances in our understanding of the complex genetic, biochemical, metabolic, cardiovascular, and reproductive issues associated with PCOS. This book presents a comprehensive overview of recent clinical developments in identifying the phenotypic expression of women with PCOS resulting in a completely new recognition of its phenotypic variability. Metabolic and cardiovascular consequences of the syndrome are discussed in detail. Advances made in dealing with secondary forms of PCOS-like syndromes are presented as well as specific therapies of clinical manifestations and their outcomes. Additionally, a number of hot topics are included presenting genetic developments, endothelial causes leading to unfavorable outcomes, and novelties in therapeutic approaches dealing with metabolic and reproductive consequences. Covering phenotypic characteristics, diagnostic criteria, central pathophysiological mechanisms, metabolic, cardiovascular and reproductive aspects, and modern therapeutic approaches, this book is a useful tool for general practitioners, gynecologists, pediatricians, internists, endocrinologists, as well as cardiologists.

Download or read book Testes and Ovaries written by Atef Darwish and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-12-20 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Male and female reproductive system similarities as well as differences should be taken into consideration by all scientists interested in this field. Some embryological, anatomical, histological, and clinical examples are addressed in this book. The message of the book is to increase orientation of all scientists interested in the field of similar and dissimilar issues in males and females. Reading this book will lead to a better understanding of management of both sexes, and the understanding of infertility that will hopefully reduce the effort, the time, the psychological, and the financial burden of the infertile couple and the society at large.