Download or read book Impact of Agricultural Technology in Boricha Ethiopia written by Endale Tesfaye and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2023-10-17 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2023 in the subject Agrarian Studies, grade: 3.73, Hawassa University (Colloge of business and economics), course: Community development, language: English, abstract: The study was carried out in Boricha woreda in Sidama region, Ethiopia, with the objectives of identifying the effect of agricultural technology on livelihood improvement and to analyse the effect of agricultural technology on farmer’s livelihood improvement in Boricha woreda. The study had the following specific objectives: to identify the types of agricultural technology adopted by the farmers, to examine the livelihood status of the farmer improvement, and to analyse the effect of agricultural technology on livelihood improvement. Central research questions are: What are the types of agricultural technologies adopted by farmers? What is the livelihood status of the farmers? What are the sources of livelihood for the farmers? Boricha was characterized by high incidence of poverty, low rural incomes, low agricultural productivity, and food insecurity. A total of 150 households from agricultural technology adopter farmers were selected randomly. Education levels observed from survey were 36.7% illiterate, 56% join elementary level and 7.3% up to high school level. Family size of the respondents were less than 4 people were 5.3% and 4-6 person were 72.7% and above 6 people were 22%. Land size of the respondents, 26% were in 0.25-0.5 hectare owner and 74% were in more than 0.5 hectare owner.
Download or read book Agricultural Technology Adoption Seed Access Constraints and Commercialization in Ethiopia written by Solomon Asfaw and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article examines the driving forces behind farmers' decisions to adopt agricultural technologies and the causal impact of adoption on farmers' integration into output market using data obtained from a random cross-section sample of 700 farmers in Ethiopia. We estimate a Double-Hurdle model to analyze the determinants of the intensity of technology adoption conditional on overcoming seed access constraints. We estimate the impact of technology adoption on farmers' integration into output market by utilizing treatment effect model, regression based on propensity score as well as matching techniques to account for heterogeneity in the adoption decision, and for unobservable characteristics of farmers and their farm. Results show that knowledge of existing varieties, perception about the attributes of improved varieties, household wealth (livestock and land) and availability of active labor force are major determinants for adoption of improved technologies. Our results suggest that the adoption of improved agricultural technologies has a significant positive impact on farmers' integration into output market and the findings are consistent across the three models suggesting the robustness of the results. This confirms the potential direct role of technology adoption on market participation among rural households, as higher productivity from improved technology translates into higher output market integration.
Download or read book The Impact of Agricultural Technology in Sub Saharan Africa written by James F. Oehmke and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on the Microeconomics of Technology Adoption with Application to Ethiopian Agriculture written by Kassahun Tadesse Melesse and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissertation explores the role of land reforms and agricultural extension in promoting technology adoption in the Ethiopian agricultural sector. The first two essays of the dissertation are devoted to examining the role of property rights institutions in promoting technology adoption. In the second chapter, we provide a theoretical framework which shows that an important mechanism through which improved property rights influences technology adoption is by altering the optimal contractual arrangements economic agents choose, but the magnitude of this impact depends partly on the degree of credit market imperfections prevailing in the economy. We analyze this in the agricultural sector in a developing country setting and develop a model which predicts that by reducing both tenure insecurity and transaction costs, credible land title reforms provide incentives for farmers to move towards contracts that encourage the adoption of chemical fertilizers. In the third chapter, we estimate the impact of improved land rights on farmers' choice of land and labor contracts and technology adoption using panel data from Ethiopia, which introduced legislation that gave farmers perpetual land use rights aimed at improving their tenure security. The empirical approach allows us to empirically disentangle the direct impact of improved tenure security on technology adoption, by reducing the risk of expropriation, from its indirect impact through its effect on the optimal choice of land and labor contracts. The econometric results demonstrate improved property rights in Ethiopia have their greatest effect on the adoption of chemical fertilizers by transforming the agrarian contractual structure. The fourth chapter evaluates the impact of the Ethiopian agricultural extension program in promoting the use of chemical fertilizers among farmers by employing propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting methods. These methods help us arrive at credible estimates of the impact of the Ethiopian agricultural extension program by carefully handling endogeneity problems that have bedeviled prior research aimed at estimating the impact of extension programs on technology adoption and overall farm performance in several developing economies. Our empirical results show that the Ethiopian extension program increases both the likelihood of chemical fertilizer adoption and enhances the intensity of fertilizer use by farmers, but the impact is heterogeneous across households.
Download or read book Consumption Risk Technology Adoption and Poverty Traps written by Stefan Dercon and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much has been written on the determinants of input and technology adoption in agriculture, with issues such as input availability, knowledge and education, risk preferences, profitability, and credit constraints receiving much attention. This paper focuses on a factor that has been less well documented-the differential ability of households to take on risky production technologies for fear of the welfare consequences if shocks result in poor harvests. Building on an explicit model, this is explored in panel data for Ethiopia. Historical rainfall distributions are used to identify the counterfactual consumption risk. Controlling for unobserved household and time-varying village characteristics, it emerges that not just ex-ante credit constraints, but also the possibly low consumption outcomes when harvests fail, discourage the application of fertilizer. The lack of insurance causes inefficiency in production choices.
Download or read book The Impact of Policy Reform and Institutional Transformation on Agricultural Performance written by Beyene Tadesse and published by Peter Lang Publishing. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inspired by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, many less developed countries have carried out economic policy reforms and institutional changes. However, it has become increasingly clear that due to lags in institutional and infrastructure development results of policy reforms are unsatisfactory. This study focuses on assessing the impact of policy reform on agricultural production in Ethiopia. It investigates components of output growth, input use, technical efficiency and technological progress by applying a Stochastic Production Frontier model on a detailed rural household database. It also examines the degree of product price instability and its impacts on modern input use and food supply using a Vector Error Correction model on time series data. The study concludes by pointing out the prospects and constraints of agricultural transformation in Ethiopia.
Download or read book Consumption Risk Technology Adoption and Poverty Traps written by Stefan Dercon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much has been written on the determinants of input and technology adoption in agriculture, with issues such as input availability, knowledge and education, risk preferences, profitability, and credit constraints receiving much attention. This paper focuses on a factor that has been less well documented-the differential ability of households to take on risky production technologies for fear of the welfare consequences if shocks result in poor harvests. Building on an explicit model, this is explored in panel data for Ethiopia. Historical rainfall distributions are used to identify the counterfactual consumption risk. Controlling for unobserved household and time-varying village characteristics, it emerges that not just ex-ante credit constraints, but also the possibly low consumption outcomes when harvests fail, discourage the application of fertilizer. The lack of insurance causes inefficiency in production choices.
Download or read book Measuring the Economic Impact of Climate Change on Ethiopian Agriculture written by Temesgen Tadesse Deressa and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study uses the Ricardian approach to analyze the impact of climate change on Ethiopian agriculture and to describe farmer adaptations to varying environmental factors. The study analyzes data from 11 of the country's 18 agro-ecological zones, representing more than 74 percent of the country, and survey of 1,000 farmers from 50 districts. Regressing of net revenue on climate, household, and soil variables show that these variables have a significant impact on the farmers' net revenue per hectare. The study carries out a marginal impact analysis of increasing temperature and changing precipitation across the four seasons. In addition, it examines the impact of uniform climate scenarios on farmers' net revenue per hectare. Additionally, it analyzes the net revenue impact of predicted climate scenarios from three models for the years 2050 and 2100. In general, the results indicate that increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation are both damaging to Ethiopian agriculture. Although the analysis did not incorporate the carbon fertilization effect, the role of technology, or the change in prices for the future, significant information for policy-making can be extracted.
Download or read book Community Seed Banks written by Ronnie Vernooy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Community seed banks first appeared towards the end of the 1980s, established with the support of international and national non-governmental organizations. This book is the first to provide a global review of their development and includes a wide range of case studies. Countries that pioneered various types of community seed banks include Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nicaragua, the Philippines and Zimbabwe. In the North, a particular type of community seed bank emerged known as a seed-savers network. Such networks were first established in Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA before spreading to other countries. Over time, the number and diversity of seed banks has grown. In Nepal, for example, there are now more than 100 self-described community seed banks whose functions range from pure conservation to commercial seed production. In Brazil, community seed banks operate in various regions of the country. Surprisingly, despite 25 years of history and the rapid growth in number, organizational diversity and geographical coverage of community seed banks, recognition of their roles and contributions has remained scanty. The book reviews their history, evolution, experiences, successes and failures (and reasons why), challenges and prospects. It fills a significant gap in the literature on agricultural biodiversity and conservation, and their contribution to food sovereignty and security.
Download or read book Soil Erosion and Sustainable Land Management SLM written by Atsushi Tsunekawa and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-05-26 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue titled “Soil Erosion and Sustainable Land Management” presents 13 chapters organized into four main parts. The first part deals with assessment of soil erosion that covers historical sediment dating to understand past environmental impacts due to tillage; laboratory simulation to clarify the effect of soil surface microtopography; integrated field observation and the random forest machine learning algorithm to assess watershed-scale soil erosion assessment; and developing the sediment delivery distributed (SEDD) model for sub-watershed erosion risk prioritization. In Part II, the factors controlling soil erosion and vegetation degradation as influenced by topographic positions and climatic regions; long-term land use change; and improper implementation of land management measures are well dealt with. Part III presents different land management technologies that could reduce soil erosion at various spatial scales; improve land productivity of marginal lands with soil microbes; and reclaim degraded farmland using dredged reservoir sediments. The final part relates livelihood diversification to climate vulnerability as well as the coping strategy to the adverse impacts of soil erosion through sustainable land management implementation which opens prospects for policy formulation. The studies cover regions of Africa, Europe, North America and Asia, being dominantly conducted under the framework of international scientific collaborations through employing a range techniques and scales, from the laboratory to watershed scales. We believe those unique features of the book could attract the interest of the wider scientific community worldwide.
Download or read book Natural Resources Management in Agriculture written by Bekele Shiferaw and published by CABI. This book was released on 2005 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part I: Introduction; Part II: Valuation of ecosystem services and biophysical indicators of NRM impacts; Part III: Methodological advances for a comprehensive impact assessment; Part IV: NRM impact assessment in practice.
Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture for Climate Change Adaptation written by Kathy Lewis and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-02 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Anthropocene, the time of humans. Never has human influence on the functioning of the planet been greater or in more urgent need of mitigation. Climate change, the accelerated warming of the planet’s surface attributed to human activities, is now at the forefront of global politics. The agriculture sector not only contributes to climate change but also feels the severity of its effects, with the water, carbon and nitrogen cycles all subject to modification as a result. Crop production systems are each subject to different types of threat and levels of threat intensity. There is however significant potential to both adapt to and mitigate climate change within the agricultural sector and reduce these threats. Each solution must be implemented in a sustainable manner and tailored to individual regions and farming systems. This Special Issue evaluates a variety of potential climate change adaptation and mitigation techniques that account for this spatial variation, including modification to cropping systems, Climate-Smart Agriculture and the development and growth of novel crops and crop varieties.
Download or read book Enough written by Roger Thurow and published by ReadHowYouWant.com. This book was released on 2010 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than thirty years, humankind has known how to grow enough food to end chronic hunger worldwide. Yet while the ''Green Revolution'' succeeded in South America and Asia, it never got to Africa. More than 9 million people every year die of hunger, malnutrition, and related diseases every year - most of them in Africa and most of them children. More die of hunger in Africa than from AIDS and malaria combined. Now, an impending global food crisis threatens to make things worse. In the west we think of famine as a natural disaster, brought about by drought; or as the legacy of brutal dictators. But in this powerful investigative narrative, Thurow & Kilman show exactly how, in the past few decades, American, British, and European policies conspired to keep Africa hungry and unable to feed itself. As a new generation of activists work to keep famine from spreading, Enough is essential reading on a humanitarian issue of utmost urgency.
Download or read book Climate Change Adaptive Capacity And Development written by Saleemul Huq and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003-08-12 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has presented strong evidence that human-induced climate change is occurring and that all countries of the world will be affected and need to adapt to impacts. The IPCC points out that many developing countries are particularly vulnerable because of their relatively low adaptive capacity. Therefore it is seen as a development priority to help these countries enhance their adaptive capacity to climate change.The Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and Stratus Consulting organized a workshop in the fall of 2001 to develop an agenda for research on how best to enhance the capacity of developing countries to adapt to climate change. This research agenda is relevant for governments and institutions that wish to support developing countries in adapting to climate change. The workshop brought together experts from developing and industrialized countries, non-governmental organizations, and multilateral and bilateral donor organizations to discuss a number of important topics related to adaptation, adaptive capacity and sustainable development. A dozen papers were commissioned to cover these topics, both from a theoretical perspective and in the form of national case studies. The papers form the basis for this important book, which presents the latest interdisciplinary knowledge about the nature and components of adaptive capacity and how it may be strengthened./a
Download or read book Soil plant microbe interactions An innovative approach towards improving soil health and plant growth written by Upendra Kumar and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-29 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioremediation and Sustainable Technologies for Cleaner Environment written by Marimuthu Prashanthi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers insights into the current focus and recent advances in bioremediation and green technology applications for waste minimization and pollution control. Increasing urbanization has an impact on the environment, agriculture and industry, exacerbating the pollution problem and creating an urgent need for sustainable and green eco-friendly remediation technology. Currently, there is heightened interest in environmental research, especially in the area of pollution remediation and waste conversion, and alternative, eco-friendly methods involving better usage of agricultural residues as economically viable substrates for environmental cleanup are still required. The book offers researchers and scholars inspiration, and suggests directions for specific waste management and pollution control. The research presented makes a valuable contribution toward a sustainable and eco-friendly societal environment.
Download or read book From Agronomic Data to Farmer Recommendations written by CIMMYT Economics Program and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1988 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
