Download or read book Immunosuppressant Analogs in Neuroprotection written by Cesario V. Borlongan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-11-20 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative survey of the most recent scientific evidence showing how cyclosporin, FK-506, and their analogs-the neuroimmunophilins-evolved from being purely immunosuppressant "drugs" to neuroprotective "agents". The book focuses on recent preclinical evidence that demonstrates the neurotrophic/neuroprotective effects of immunosuppressants when administered alone or when combined with neural transplantation therapy in animal models of neurological disorders.
Download or read book Cellular Transplantation written by Craig Halberstadt and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-10 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been tremendous strides in cellular transplantation in recent years, leading to accepted practice for the treatment of certain diseases, and use for many others in trial phases. The long history of cellular transplantation, or the transfer of cells from one organism or region of the body to another, has been revolutionized by advances in stem cell research, as well as developments in gene therapy. Cellular Transplants: From Lab to Clinic provides a thorough foundation of the basic science underpinning this exciting field, expert overviews of the state-of-the-art, and detailed description of clinical success stories to date, as well as insights into the road ahead. As highlighted by this timely and authoritative survey, scale-up technologies and whole organ transplantation are among the hurdles representing the next frontier. The contents are organized into four main sections, with the first covering basic biology, including transplant immunology, the use of immunosuppressive drugs, stem cell biology, and the development of donor animals for transplantation. The next part looks at peripheral and reconstructive applications, followed by a section devoted to transplantation for diseases of the central nervous system. The last part presents efforts to address the key challenges ahead, such as identifying novel transplantable cells and integrating biomaterials and nanotechnology with cell matrices. Provides detailed description of clinical trials in cell transplantation Review of current therapeutic approaches Coverage of the broad range of diseases addressed by cell therapeutics Discussion of stem cell biology and its role in transplantation
Download or read book Functional Molecules from Natural Sources written by Stephen K Wrigley and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2010-11-26 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naturally-occurring compounds have been, and continue to be, an important source of new leads and of commercially successful products for various industrial sectors, notably pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. The conference, Functional Molecules from Natural Sources, held at Magdalen College, Oxford, in July 2009 set out to highlight current trends, challenges and successes in the exploitation of natural products from microbial, plant and marine sources. Based on the proceedings of this conference, the main themes of this book are modern and emerging perspectives on natural product utilization and improved strategies for natural products exploitation. It provides case studies on important natural product leads (functional molecules) and their enhancement. These take account of new medical applications, and advances in the understanding and manipulation of natural product biosynthesis at the genetic level. Highlights include an authoritative review of the entire field of natural anticancer agents, (with an emphasis on those currently in clinical development); an account of the optimisation of the pleuromutilin antibiotic template for human use, and a comprehensive description of the research programme that resulted in the discovery of platensimycin. Aricles on biosynthesis include studies of the antibiotics of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), the anthrax siderophore petrobactin, and the modification of oxidation and glycosylation events in the biosynthesis of mithramycins. Written by leading industrial experts from each sector, the book offers a unique blend of industrial and academic perspectives. It summarizes new approaches to optimising the exploitation of naturally occurring compounds within the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and agrochemicals industries. New approaches to optimising the exploitation of naturally occurring compounds (including the genetics of natural product biosynthesis), novel screening technologies and recent advances in characterization methods are also covered.
Download or read book Macrocycles in Drug Discovery written by Jeremy I Levin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series provides a comprehensive resource for postgraduate students and for scientists in academia or industry wanting to learn topics outside their own areas of expertise.
Download or read book Parkinson s Disease written by Marianne J. Willow and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by an insidious onset with slowing of emotional and voluntary movement, muscular rigidity, postural abnormality and tremor. Parkinson's disease was first described in 1817 by James Parkinson. It is a progressive, neurological disease mainly affecting people over the age of 50, although at least 10 per cent of cases occur at an earlier age. It affects people of either sex and all ethnic groups. In the normal brain, some nerve cells produce the chemical dopamine, which transmits signals within the brain to produce smooth movement of muscles. In Parkinson's patients, 80 percent or more of these dopamine-producing cells are damaged, dead, or otherwise degenerated. This causes the nerve cells to fire wildly, leaving patients unable to control their movements. This new book brings together the latest research in this field.
Download or read book Cell Therapy Stem Cells and Brain Repair written by Cyndy D. Davis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-09 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As our world continues to evolve, the field of regenerative medicine f- lows suit. Although many modern day therapies focus on synthetic and na- ral medicinal treatments for brain repair, many of these treatments and prescriptions lack adequate results or only have the ability to slow the p- gression of neurological disease or injury. Cell therapy, however, remains the most compelling treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, disorders, and injuries, including Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, traumatic brain injury, and stroke, which is expanded upon in more detail in Chapter 1 by Snyder and colleagues. Cell therapy is also unique in that it is the only therapeutic strategy that strives to replace lost, damaged, or dysfunctional cells with healthy ones. This repair and replacement may be due to an administration of exogenous cells itself or the activation of the body’s own endogenous reparative cells by a trophic, immune, or inflammatory response to cell transplantation. However, the precise mechanism of how cell therapy works remains elusive and is c- tinuing to be investigated in terms of molecular and cellular responses, in particular. Moreover, Chapter 11 by Emerich and associates, discusses some of the possibilities of cell immunoisolation and the potential for treating central nervous system diseases.
Download or read book Developing Successful Neuroprotective Treatments for TBI Translational Approaches Novel Directions Opportunities and Challenges written by Stefania Mondello and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biocatalysis written by Gonzalo de Gonzalo and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implementing biocatalytic strategies in an industrial setting at a commercial scale is a challenging task, necessitating a balance between industrial need against economic viability. With invited contributions from small and large-scale chemical and pharmaceutical companies, this book bridges the gap between academia and industry. Contributors discuss current processes, types of biocatalysts and improvements, industrial motivation and key aspects to economically succeed. With its focus on industry related issues, this book will be a useful tool for future research by both practitioners and academics.
Download or read book Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics written by Jeffrey A. Cohen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively reviews the current state of clinical trial methods in multiple sclerosis treatment, providing investigators, sponsors and specialists with current knowledge of outcome measures and study designs for disease and symptom management. The status of the rapidly evolving field of disease-modifying drugs is presented, with emphasis on the most promising therapies currently being tested. Experts discuss disease and symptom management for MS subtypes, including neuromyelitis optica and pediatric MS. In addition, key scientific advances in MS pathology, genetics, immunology and epidemiology are presented. The fourth edition has been extensively revised, featuring more than 50% new material. All chapters have been substantially updated to provide current information on rapidly evolving topics and this volume contains 15 new chapters, reflecting the growth of the field in recent years. This book is an essential reference for practitioners caring for MS patients, investigators planning or conducting clinical trials, and clinical trial sponsors.
Download or read book Bioactive Natural Products written by Goutam Brahmachari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural compounds, which have evolved their function over millions of years, are often more efficient than man-made compounds if a specific biological activity is needed, e.g. as an enzyme inhibitor or as a toxin to kill a cancer cell. This book comprising of sixteen technical chapters, highlights the chemical and biological aspects of potential natural products with an intention of unravelling their pharmaceutical applicability in modern drug discovery processes. Key features: Covers the synthesis, semi-synthesis and also biosynthesis of potentially bioactive natural products Features chemical and biological advances in naturally occurring organic compounds describing their chemical transformations, mode of actions, and structure-activity relationships 40 expert scientists from around the world report their latest findings and outline future opportunities for the development of novel and highly potent drugs based on natural products operating at the interface of chemistry and biology Forward-looking: Addresses opportunities and cutting-edge developments rather than well-documented basic knowledge, pinpoints current trends and future directions in this rapidly-evolving field Application-oriented: Throughout the book, the focus is on actual and potential applications in pharmacology and biotechnology This book is an essential resource for natural products chemists, medicinal chemists, biotechnologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, as well as the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries.
Download or read book Accounts in Drug Discovery written by Joel Barrish and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounts in Drug Discovery describes recent case studies in medicinal chemistry with a particular emphasis on how the inevitable problems that arise during any project can be surmounted or overcome. The Editors cover a wide range of therapeutic areas and medicinal chemistry strategies, including lead optimization starting from high-throughput screening "hits" as well as rational, structure-based design. The chapters include "follow-ons" and "next generation" compounds that aim to improve upon first-generation agents. This volume surveys the range of challenges commonly faced by medicinal chemistry researchers, including the optimization of metabolism and pharmacokinetics, toxicology, pharmaceutics and pharmacology, including proof-of-concept in the clinic for novel biological targets. The case studies include medicinal chemistry stories on recently approved and marketed drugs, but also chronicle "near-misses," i.e. exemplary compounds that may have proceeded well into the clinic but for various reasons did not result in a successful registration. As the vast majority of projects fail prior to registration, much can be learned from such narratives. By sharing a wide range of drug discovery experiences and information across the community of medicinal chemists in both industry and academia, the Editors believe that these accounts will provide insights into the art of medicinal chemistry as it is currently practiced and will help to serve the needs of active medicinal chemists.
Download or read book Drug Discovery from Natural Products written by Olga Genilloud and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an integrated review of the most recent trends in natural products drug discovery and key lead candidates that are outstanding for their chemistry and biology as a starting point in novel drug development. The authors focus on different trends that are and will continue to be impacting multiples stages of modern drug discovery from NPs that have not been included in other works. This is complemented with a series of case studies from leading experts from industry and academia on key molecules and derivatives that have been chosen for their novelty in chemistry, biology and clinical applications. The book intends to reflect the current confluence of different disciplines in chemical biology and synthetic chemistry supported by a more profound knowledge of systems biology that ensures the concurrency and synergisms of expertise from different research fields that impact in the discovery of novel molecules. In the first section the chapters reflect recent approaches to exploit the biosynthetic potential of microbial resources (including genome mining, metagenomic and epigenetic approaches), as well as biosynthetic chemistry tools to respond to product supply and novel screening alternatives that have lead to the discovery of novel chemistry. The second part reviews, in the form of case studies, some examples of bioactive molecules in the important therapeutic areas of antiinfectives, oncology and antiparasitics.
Download or read book Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection in Retinal Disease written by Giovanni Casini and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Cannabinoids written by Vincenzo Di Marzo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-06-29 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century will witness the unprecedented marketing of therapeutic drugs developed from cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system. Cannabinoids is a timely volume, which represents a comprehensive review of the most important issues in cannabinoid research as well as those of most likely therapeutic relevance. For the first time, the multi-faceted aspects of cannabinoid chemistry, biology and medicine are presented in one volume. Key topics of discussion: -major families of phytocannabinoids; -pharmacological activity of phytocannabinoids; -interactions of phytocannabinoids with their proposed molecular target; -components of the endocannabinoid system; -molecular mechanisms of the endocannabinoid system; -Physiological and pathological role of endocannabinoids; -industrial applications of studies on the cannabinoids; -therapeutic uses of agonists and antagonists of cannabinoids receptors. This book is a must for graduate and pre- and post-doctoral students in disciplines ranging from organic and natural product chemistry, pharmacology, biochemistry and medicine.
Download or read book Neuropeptides in Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration written by Fred Nyberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-19 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the genomic era is no longer in its infancy, the life sciences are still facing questions about the role of endogenous proteins and peptides in homeostasis and pathologies. Delving into one of the most current fields of interest in biology and medicine, Neuropeptides in Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration describes the impact of neuropeptides on neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. The book begins with chapters describing important features of the endogenous neuropeptide systems related to their formation, receptor signaling, and inactivation. It includes chapters focused on the design and development of peptide-like drugs (peptidomimetics). In addition, the book covers: General aspects regarding the biosynthesis, structures, and distribution of neuroactive peptides and their receptors Basic mechanisms for neuropeptide action, metabolism, as well as techniques for their detection and aspects essential for the cellular mechanisms underlying brain pathology Neuropeptides known for their impact in neurodegenerative and neuroprotective processes Fundamental aspects as well as recent progress in the development of peptidomimetics of neuroprotective and cognition-enhancing peptides
Download or read book Immune Rebalancing written by Diana Boraschi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-01-25 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immune Rebalancing: The Future of Immunosuppression summarizes the most promising perspectives of immunopharmacology, in particular in the area of immunosuppression by considering molecular pathways, personalized medicine, microbiome and nanomedicine. Modulation of immune responses for therapeutic purposes is a particularly relevant area, given the central role of anomalous immunity in diseases. These diseases vary from the most typically immune-related syndromes (autoimmune diseases, allergy and asthma, immunodeficiencies) to those in which altered immunity and inflammation define the pathological outcomes (chronic infections, tumours, chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, etc. Visits immunosuppression from a modern point of view of signalling mechanisms at the light of the current knowledge of signalling mechanisms and regulatory networks allows the reader to formulate new ideas and concepts on how to use immunosuppression the therapeutic purposes Encourages researchers to engage into exploring the field of pharmacological modulation of immune responses in depth, and with the new knowledge and tools available, designs more effective therapeutic strategies to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, cancer, degenerative diseases and infections Examines the link between molecular pathways associated to immune-suppression and the new immunopharmacology approaches Provides information on the new strategies for drug development in this field Considers the role of microbes in the development of the mammalian immune system and immune responses, which will widen the reader’s strategy for addressing therapeutic immune modulations
Download or read book The Role of TNF TNFR2 Signal in Immunosuppressive Cells and its Therapeutic Implications written by Xin Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an indispensable role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and prevention of autoimmune diseases, and represent a major cellular mechanism of tumor immune evasion. Targeting of Tregs has great potential in the treatment of some major human diseases, including autoimmunity, transplant rejection, GvHD, and cancer, and are critical controllers of immunity to infectious pathogens. It is expected they will also be central to the control of allergic and inflammatory diseases. Understanding the biological pathways crucial for the regulation of Treg activity is a prerequisite for harnessing the immense therapeutic potential of Tregs. TNF is generally believed to be a master pro-inflammatory cytokine, and anti-TNF therapy has become a mainstay treatment for some autoimmune diseases. However, experimental evidence indicates that TNF preferentially activates Tregs, resulting in the expansive proliferation, phenotypic stability, and enhanced suppressive capacity of these immune suppressors. This effect of TNF is mediated by TNFR2, which is preferentially expressed by human and mouse Tregs. Furthermore, expression of TNFR2 is able to identify the most suppressive subset of Tregs. Although counterintuitive and contradictory to earlier reports, these findings have been supported by increasing experimental evidence from both human and mouse studies. These recent studies revealing the Treg-promoting effect of TNF not only leads to the redefinition of the immunological biology of this pleiotropic cytokine, they are also helpful in designing novel therapies in the treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, and GvHD, as well as enhancing current vaccines and immunomodulators. In this article collection, current knowledge on the cellular and molecular aspects of the Treg-stimulatory effect of the TNF-TNFR2 pathway will be discussed. An insight of the physiological and pathological roles of such effects of TNF in an inflammatory reaction and immune response will be provided. The seemingly contradictory Treg-promoting effect of TNF and immunosuppressive effect of anti-TNF therapy will be analyzed. Recent efforts to translate such discoveries into therapeutic benefits will be introduced. The novel strategies in the treatment of cancer and GvHD, by down- or up-regulation of Treg activity through targeting TNFR2, will be highlighted. In addition to Tregs, TNFR2 has also been found to play a key role in the accumulation and immunosuppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) and Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Therefore, the current understanding of the role of TNF-TNFR2 signal in other type of immunosuppressive cells, as well as its clinical and therapeutic implications, have also been considered.
