Download or read book Imaging light transport at the femtosecond scale written by Lorenzo Pattelli and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Ground Based Real and Synthetic Aperture Radar written by Lapo Miccinesi and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground-based/terrestrial radar interferometry (GBRI) is a scientific topic of increasing interest in recent years. The GBRI is used in several field as remote sensing technique for monitoring natural environment (landslides, glacier, and mines) or infrastructures (bridges, towers). These sensors provide the displacement of targets by measuring the phase difference between sending and receiving radar signal. If the acquisition rate is enough the GBRI can provide the natural frequency, e.g. by calculating the Fourier transform of displacement. The research activity, presented in this work, concerns design and development of some advanced GBRI systems. These systems are related to the following issue: detection of displacement vector, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and radars with 3D capability.
Download or read book Functional validation of genetic variants identified by next generation sequencing in malformations of cortical development written by Dalila De Vita and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malformations of cortical development (MCDs) result from a disruption in the process of the human brain cortex formation: currently, there are no pharmacological treatments for diffuse MCDs. Next-generation sequencing has accelerated the identification of MCDs causing genes: in some cases, functional studies are needed to clarify the role of genetic variants. The aim of this PhD project has been to apply a multidisciplinary approach to identify causative mutations in patients with MCDs, validate the pathogenic role of the identified mutations, and assess the effectiveness of novel in vitro treatment for mTOR pathway related MCDs.
Download or read book Tectono metamorphic evolution of the continental units along the edge between Alpine and Hercynian Corsica written by Maria Di Rosa and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work the central area of Corsica island was studied in order to reconstruct the tectono-metamorphic history of the continental and oceanic high pressure units that occupy the structurally deeper levels of the tectonic stacking of Alpine Corsica and their stratigraphic and structural relationship with the European margin (Hercynian Corsica). The study includes the geological mapping, the mesoscale and microscale structural analysis, the acquisition of chemical analyzes and micromaps with the microprobe, thermobarometric estimation through specific methodologies for metapelites, U-Th-Pb dating of zircons and allanites. The results obtained allows to reconstruct the geodynamic model of this sector of the Alpine belt from the Permian to the Burdigalian.
Download or read book Isotopic fractionation study towards massive star forming regions across the Galaxy written by Laura Colzi and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most important tools to investigate the chemical history of our Galaxy and our own Solar System is to measure the isotopic fractionation of chemical elements. In the present study new astronomical observations devoted to the study of hydrogen and nitrogen fractionation (D/H and 14N/15N ratios) of molecules, towards massive star-forming regions in different evolutionary phases, have been presented. Moreover, a new detailed theoretical study of carbon fractionation, 12C/13C ratios, has been done. One of the main results was the confirmation that the 14N/15N ratio increases with the galactocentric distance, as predicted by stellar nucleosynthesis Galactic chemical evolution models. This work gives new important inputs on the understanding of local chemical processes that favor the production of molecules with different isotopes in star-forming regions.
Download or read book Femtosecond Transient Imaging written by Ghulam Ahmed Kirmani and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis proposes a novel framework called transient imaging for image formation and scene understanding through impulse illumination and time images. Using time-of-flight cameras and multi-path analysis of global light transport, we pioneer new algorithms and systems for scene understanding through time images. We demonstrate that our proposed transient imaging framework provides opportunities to accomplish tasks that are well beyond the reach of existing imaging technology. For example, one can infer the geometry of not only the visible but also the hidden parts of a scene, enabling us to look around corners. Traditional cameras estimate intensity per pixel I(x, y). Our transient imaging camera prototype captures a 3D time-image I(x, y, t) for each pixel and uses an ultra-short pulse laser for flash illumination. Emerging technologies are supporting cameras with a temporal-profile per pixel at picosecond resolution, allowing us to capture an ultra-high speed time-image. This time-image contains the time profile of irradiance at a sensor pixel. The speed of light is relevant at these imaging time scales, and the transient properties of light transport come into play. In particular we furnish a novel framework for reconstructing scene geometry of hidden planar scenes. We experimentally corroborated our theory with free space hardware experiments using a femtosecond laser and a picosecond accurate sensing device. The ability to infer the structure of hidden scene elements, unobservable by both the camera and illumination source, will create a range of new computer vision opportunities.
Download or read book Computational Imaging for Scene Understanding written by Takuya Funatomi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-05-21 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most cameras are inherently designed to mimic what is seen by the human eye: they have three channels of RGB and can achieve up to around 30 frames per second (FPS). However, some cameras are designed to capture other modalities: some may have the ability to capture spectra from near UV to near IR rather than RGB, polarimetry, different times of light travel, etc. Such modalities are as yet unknown, but they can also collect robust data of the scene they are capturing. This book will focus on the emerging computer vision techniques known as computational imaging. These include capturing, processing and analyzing such modalities for various applications of scene understanding.
Download or read book Computational Imaging written by Ayush Bhandari and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-10-25 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and up-to-date textbook and reference for computational imaging, which combines vision, graphics, signal processing, and optics. Computational imaging involves the joint design of imaging hardware and computer algorithms to create novel imaging systems with unprecedented capabilities. In recent years such capabilities include cameras that operate at a trillion frames per second, microscopes that can see small viruses long thought to be optically irresolvable, and telescopes that capture images of black holes. This text offers a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to this rapidly growing field, a convergence of vision, graphics, signal processing, and optics. It can be used as an instructional resource for computer imaging courses and as a reference for professionals. It covers the fundamentals of the field, current research and applications, and light transport techniques. The text first presents an imaging toolkit, including optics, image sensors, and illumination, and a computational toolkit, introducing modeling, mathematical tools, model-based inversion, data-driven inversion techniques, and hybrid inversion techniques. It then examines different modalities of light, focusing on the plenoptic function, which describes degrees of freedom of a light ray. Finally, the text outlines light transport techniques, describing imaging systems that obtain micron-scale 3D shape or optimize for noise-free imaging, optical computing, and non-line-of-sight imaging. Throughout, it discusses the use of computational imaging methods in a range of application areas, including smart phone photography, autonomous driving, and medical imaging. End-of-chapter exercises help put the material in context.
Download or read book Industrial Applications Of Ultrafast Lasers written by Haight Richard A and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-03-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the application of ultrafast laser science and technology in materials and processing relevant to industry today, including ultrafast laser ablation where fundamental studies have led to the development of the world's first femtosecond photomask repair tool. Semiconductor manufacturing companies worldwide use the tool to repair photomask defects, saving hundreds of millions in production costs. The most up-to-date ultrafast laser technologies are described and methods to generate high harmonics for photoelectron spectroscopy of industrially important materials are covered, with an emphasis on practical laboratory implementation. Basic device physics merged with photoemission studies from single- and polycrystalline materials are described. Extensions to new methods for extracting key device properties of metal-oxide-semiconductor structures, including band offsets, effective work functions, semiconductor band bending and defect-related charging in a number of technologically important gate oxides are detailed. Polycrystalline photovoltaic materials and heterostructures as well as organic light emitting materials are covered. This book describes both the history, and most recent applications of ultrafast laser science to industrially relevant materials, processes and devices.
Download or read book Fingerprints in the Optical and Transport Properties of Quantum Dots written by Ameenah Al-Ahmadi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-06-13 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book "Fingerprints in the optical and transport properties of quantum dots" provides novel and efficient methods for the calculation and investigating of the optical and transport properties of quantum dot systems. This book is divided into two sections. In section 1 includes ten chapters where novel optical properties are discussed. In section 2 involve eight chapters that investigate and model the most important effects of transport and electronics properties of quantum dot systems This is a collaborative book sharing and providing fundamental research such as the one conducted in Physics, Chemistry, Material Science, with a base text that could serve as a reference in research by presenting up-to-date research work on the field of quantum dot systems.
Download or read book Fluorescence Lifetime Spectroscopy and Imaging written by Laura Marcu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past two decades, there has been an increasing appreciation of the significant value that lifetime-based techniques can add to biomedical studies and applications of fluorescence. Bringing together perspectives of different research communities, Fluorescence Lifetime Spectroscopy and Imaging: Principles and Applications in Biomedical Diagnostics explores the remarkable advances in time-resolved fluorescence techniques and their role in a wide range of biological and clinical applications. Broadly accessible, the book captures the state-of-the-art of fluorescence lifetime metrology and imaging and provides current perspectives on their applications to biomedical studies of intact tissues and medical diagnosis. The text introduces these techniques within the wider context of fluorescence spectroscopy and describes basic principles underlying current instrumentation for fluorescence lifetime imaging and metrology (FLIM). It also covers the wide range of methods, including single channel (point) spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, and single- and multi-photon excitation. Edited by pioneers in this field, with contributions from leading experts, the book includes an overview of complementary techniques that help researchers beginning FLIM research. It offers a comprehensive treatment of fundamental principles, instrumentation, analytical methods, and applications. It also provides an overview of the label-free contrast available from lifetime measurements of tissue autofluorescence and the prospects for exploiting this for clinical applications and biomedical research including drug discovery.
Download or read book Multibounce Light Transport Analysis Using Ultrafast Imaging for Material Acquisition written by Nikhil Naik (S.M.) and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis introduces a novel framework for analysis of multibounce light transport using time-of-flight imaging for the applications of ultrafast reflectance acquisition and imaging through scattering media. Using ultrafast imaging and ultrafast illumination, we analyze light indirectly scattered off materials to provide new insights into the important problem of material acquisition. We use an elegant matrix based representation of light transport, which enables scene reconstruction using standard optimization techniques. We demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our methods using various simulations as well as an experimental setup. In particular, we develop the concept of 'in the wild' reflectance estimation using ultrafast imaging. We demonstrate a new technique that allows a camera to rapidly acquire reflectance properties of objects from a single viewpoint, over relatively long distances and without encircling equipment. We measure material properties by indirectly illuminating an object by a laser source, and observing its reflected light indirectly using a time-of-fight camera. As compared to lengthy or highly calibrated reflectance acquisition techniques, we demonstrate a device that can rapidly and simultaneously capture meaningful reflectance information of multiple materials. Furthermore, we use this framework to develop a method for imaging through scattering media using ultrafast imaging. We capture the diffuse scattering in the scene with a time-of- flight camera and analyze the multibounce light transport to recover albedo and depth information of planar objects hidden behind a diffuser. The methods developed in this thesis using ultrafast imaging can spur research with novel real-time applications in computer graphics, medical imaging and industrial photography.
Download or read book Quantitative Light Imaging of Intracelluar Transport written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functional Imaging by Controlled Nonlinear Optical Phenomena written by Kazuyoshi Itoh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrafast lasers allow high-precision imaging and manipulation for biological and medical applications. Nonlinear optical microscopy has provided researchers with unique possibilities of three-dimensional imaging of biological cells and tissues. Nonlinear optical imaging technique is a rapidly emerging research area with widespread fundamental research and clinical applications. Nonlinear optical imaging allows both structural and functional imaging with cellular level resolution imaging in biological systems. The introduction of endogenous or exogenous probes can selectively enhance contrast for molecular targets in a living cell as well as supply functional information on processes. With the aim to control nonlinear optical processes and to obtain functional images, nonlinear optical processes can be controlled by photo-controlled probes and/or parameters of ultrafast laser pulses, such as time, space, polarization, and phase. This book gives an overview of the nonlinear optical process by ultrafast laser pulses and explains how the basics of nonlinear optical microscopy led to the most advanced techniques of photo-controlled nonlinear optical microscopy.
Download or read book Optics Letters written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanocomputing written by Dane Lee and published by Scientific e-Resources. This book was released on 2018-10-28 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanocomputer is the logical name for a computer smaller than the microcomputer, which is smaller than the minicomputer. (The minicomputer is called "e;mini"e; because it was a lot smaller than the original (mainframe) computers.) More technically, it is a computer whose fundamental parts are no bigger than a few nanometers. Computational nanotechnology is a powerful tool for understanding nanoparticle physics and chemistry. After carrying out a simulated experiment, theory is developed to explain the observed results, which is then validated by conducting a lab experiment. If the predicted results and the theoretical results agree, then the theory is accepted. Unexpected results from laboratory work can also be examined with theoretical methods, which often lead to the development of new theory. Electronic nanocomputers would operate in a manner similar to the way present-day microcomputers work. The main difference is one of physical scale. More and more transistors are squeezed into silicon chips with each passing year; witness the evolution of integrated circuits (ICs) capable of ever-increasing storage capacity and processing power. The ultimate limit to the number of transistors per unit volume is imposed by the atomic structure of matter. Most engineers agree that technology has not yet come close to pushing this limit. In the electronic sense, the term Nanocomputer is relative. By 1970s standards, today's ordinary microprocessors might be called Nanodevices. The book will make fascinating and useful reading for computer engineers, scientists, administrators, public policy makers, and students in a range of science and engineering discipline.
