Download or read book Il mercato della terra written by Gérard Delille and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The City and the Realm Burgos and Castile 1080 1492 written by Teofilo F. Ruiz and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles in the first part of this volume, two being a revised English version of an article originally in Spanish, examine the place of the city in the historical development of Castile. The focus is the social and economic history of Burgos, and the work is founded on detailed research in the archives of the area. Professor Ruiz also calls into question the long held belief in the democratic character of medieval Castilian municipal life. In the second section he opens the field of enquiry to deal with the controversial question of what impact the conquest of Seville and the subsequent settlement of al-Andalus had on the realm of Castile, looking in particular at demographic factors and the emergence of the latifundia. The following articles analyse the symbolism and ceremonial of royal power, arguing that the claims for a sacred monarchy so usual in the medieval West were absent during this period of Spanish history, and that the kings used popular secular ceremonies, not anointments or coronations, to legitimise their rule. The book then closes with a study of the origins of the Spanish Inquisition. Les travaux contenus dans la première partie de cet ouvrage examinent la place de la Cité dans le développement historique de la Castille. L’intérêt central porte sur l’histoire sociale et économique de Burgos et l’analyse est fondée sur une recherche détaillée dans les archives de cette région. Le professeur Ruiz remet aussi en question la croyance que l’on avait depuis longtemps quant au caractère démocratique de la vie municipale dans la Castille médiévale. Dans la seconde partie, l’auteur élargit le champs de l’enquête afin de traiter de la question controversée au sujet de l’impact de la conquête de Séville et l’occupation consécutive d’al-Andalus sur le royaume de Castille, s’intéressant en particulier aux facteurs démographiques et à l’émergence de latifundia. Les études suivantes analysent le symbol
Download or read book L Italia alla fine del Medioevo written by Francesco Salvestrini and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liguria written by Rosie Whitehouse and published by Bradt Travel Guides. This book was released on 2024-07-05 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new, thoroughly updated fourth edition of Bradt’s award-winning guide to Liguria is the essential companion to getting the most out of a visit to this beguiling Italian region. Author Rosie Whitehouse has spent over thirty years exploring Liguria. In her wide-ranging guide, she introduces you to not just the glitz of the Riviera but also to the charm of the little-known, wild hinterland and mountain valleys, including in-depth coverage of local gastronomic delights – a key element of any Ligurian visit. Liguria is a rugged region of dizzy passes and breathtaking views, where mountains plunge into the sparkling blue waters of the Mediterranean. The coastal strip includes the world-famous Italian Riviera, the great port city of Genoa, the resort of Portofino, the charming Cinque Terre, and more Blue Flag beaches than any other Italian region. In the hinterland there are many beautiful villages and mountain walks that have yet to be discovered by tourists – perfect for adventurous travellers who want a taste of the real Italy. This fourth edition covers new, high-class hotels and Michelin-starred restaurants that reflect Liguria’s rising status as a luxury destination – but, blessedly, one that doesn’t always come with an expensive price tag. Also new in this edition is information on the new marina Ventimiglia (which coincides with the growth in superyachts locally), wildlife (including whale- and dolphin-spotting, and the return of wolves), travel infrastructure (including new Nightjet trains to Munich and Vienna plus a high-speed train to Naples, and up-to-date advice on car parking, which can be tricky in parts of Liguria) and Genoa’s new Museum of Emigration. With its mild climate, Liguria is a fabulous year-round destination with a strong regional identity of its own. Whether you’re a gourmet traveller in search of pesto, trofie and freshly baked focaccia, a history buff on the hunt for Roman remains, a culture addict dazzled by Genoa’s glittering palazzi and top-class museums, a hiker seeking a mountain escape, or a family heading for a well-earned beach-based break, Bradt’s Liguria is the ideal guide for travellers of all ages and all budgets.
Download or read book Land and Credit written by Chris Briggs and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume investigates the use of mortgages in the European countryside between the thirteenth and eighteenth centuries. A mortgage allowed a loan to be secured with land or other property, and the practice has been linked to the transformation of the agrarian economy that paved the way for modern economic growth. Historians have viewed the mortgage both positively and negatively: on the one hand, it provided borrowers with opportunities for investment in agriculture; but equally, it exposed them to the risk of losing their mortgaged property. The case studies presented in this volume reveal the variety of forms that the mortgage took, and show how an intricate balance was struck between the interests of the borrower looking for funds, and those of the lender looking for security. It is argued that the character of mortgage law, and the nature of rights in land in operation in any given the place and period, determined the degree to which mortgages were employed. Over time, developments in these factors allowed increasing numbers of peasants to use mortgages more freely, and with a decreasing risk of expropriation. This volume will be appealing to academics and researchers interested in financial history, rural credit and debt, and the economic history of agrarian communities.
Download or read book The Seigneurial Transformation written by Alessio Fiore and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Seigneurial Transformation, Alessio Fiore discusses the transformation of the fabric of power in the kingdom of Italy in the period between the late eleventh century and the early twelfth century. The study analyses the major socio-political change of this period, the crisis of royal and public structures, and the development of seigneurial powers, using as a starting point the structures of power over men and land, and the discourses about the exercise of local power. This period was marked by a rapid reshaping of the structures of local power; while the outbreak of civil wars in the 1080s did not imply a clear-cut rupture with the past, it led to a staggering acceleration of pre-existing dynamics, with a reconfiguration of the matrix of power, in turn expressed in a transformation both of the instruments of local political communications and of the practices of power.
Download or read book The Lion s Share written by Guido Alfani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most in-depth analysis of inequality and social polarization ever attempted for a preindustrial society. Using data from the archives of the Venetian Terraferma, and compared with information available for elsewhere in Europe, Guido Alfani and Matteo Di Tullio demonstrate that the rise of the fiscal-military state served to increase economic inequality in the early modern period. Preindustrial fiscal systems tended to be regressive in nature, and increased post-tax inequality compared to pre-tax - in contrast to what we would assume is the case in contemporary societies. This led to greater and greater disparities in wealth, which were made worse still as taxes were collected almost entirely to fund war and defence rather than social welfare. Though focused on Old Regime Europe, Alfani and Di Tullio's findings speak to contemporary debates about the roots of inequality and social stratification.
Download or read book A Companion to Eighteenth Century Europe written by Peter H. Wilson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-01-06 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A COMPANION TO EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY EUROPE “This is an impressive volume, with leading experts providing a wide-ranging coverage that should satisfy most requirements for effective and thoughtful introductory surveys... All specialists on this period will find much of value in this excellent volume.” History, The Journal of the Historical Association This Companion contains 31 essays by leading international scholars to provide an overview of the key debates on eighteenth-century Europe. It considers not just major western European states, but also the often neglected countries of eastern and northern Europe. Placing Europe within an international context, contributors investigate key areas of society, economics, culture, and political development. The book concludes with the French and other European revolutions that brought the century to a close, both chronologically and as regards the Ancien Régime. A Companion to Eighteenth-Century Europe examines both established and emerging areas of interest in the field, making it an essential guide for students and scholars.
Download or read book Manors and Markets written by Bas van Bavel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Low Countries -- an area roughly embracing the present-day Netherlands and Belgium -- formed a patchwork of varied economic and social development in the Middle Ages, with some regions displaying a remarkable dynamism. Manors and Markets charts the history of these vibrant economies and societies, and contrasts them with alternative paths of development, from the early medieval period to the beginning of the seventeenth century. Providing a concise overview of social and economic changes over more than a thousand years, Bas van Bavel assesses the impact of the social and institutional organization that saw the Low Countries become the most urbanized and densely populated part of Europe by the end of the Middle Ages. By delving into the early and high medieval history of society, van Bavel uncovers the foundations of the flourishing of the medieval Flemish towns and the forces that propelled Holland towards its Golden Age. Exploring the Low Countries at a regional level, van Bavel highlights the importance of localized structures for determining the nature of social transitions and economic growth. He assesses the role of manorial organization, the emergence of markets, the rise of towns, the quest for self-determination by ordinary people, and the sharp regional differences in development that can be observed in the very long run. In doing so, the book offers a significant contribution to the debate about the causes of economic and social change, both past and present.
Download or read book The Invisible Hand written by Bas van Bavel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Invisible Hand? offers a radical departure from the conventional wisdom of economists and economic historians, by showing that 'factor markets' and the economies dominated by them — the market economies — are not modern, but have existed at various times in the past. They rise, stagnate, and decline; and consist of very different combinations of institutions embedded in very different societies. These market economies create flexibility and high mobility in the exchange of land, labour, and capital, and initially they generate economic growth, although they also build on existing social structures, as well as existing exchange and allocation systems. The dynamism that results from the rise of factor markets leads to the rise of new market elites who accumulate land and capital, and use wage labour extensively to make their wealth profitable. In the long term, this creates social polarization and a decline of average welfare. As these new elites gradually translate their economic wealth into political leverage, it also creates institutional sclerosis, and finally makes these markets stagnate or decline again. This process is analysed across the three major, pre-industrial examples of successful market economies in western Eurasia: Iraq in the early Middle Ages, Italy in the high Middle Ages, and the Low Countries in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period, and then parallels drawn to England and the United States in the modern period. These areas successively saw a rapid rise of factor markets and the associated dynamism, followed by stagnation, which enables an in-depth investigation of the causes and results of this process.
Download or read book Peasants and historians written by Phillipp Schofield and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peasants and historians is an examination of historical discussion of the medieval English peasantry. In this book, the first such study of its kind, the author traces the development of historical research aimed at exploring the nature of peasant society. In separate chapters, the author examines the three main defining themes which have been applied to the medieval economy in general including change affecting the medieval peasantry. In subsequent chapters debates in relation to demography, family structure, women in rural society, and the nature of village community are each considered in turn. A final chapter on peasant culture also suggests areas of development and, potentially at least, future directions in research and writing. Offering an informed grounding in the main areas of historical writing in this area, it will be of interest to researchers as well as to those coming new to the topic, including undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Download or read book The Business of the Roman Inquisition in the Early Modern Era written by Germano Maifreda and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Established in 1542, the Roman Inquisition operated through a network of almost fifty tribunals to combat heretical and heterodox threats within the papal territories. Whilst its theological, institutional and political aspects have been well-studied, until now no sustained work has been undertaken to understand the financial basis upon which it operated. Yet – as The Business of the Roman Inquisition in the Early Modern Era shows – the fiscal autonomy enjoyed by each tribunal was a major factor in determining how the Inquisition operated. For, as the flow of cash from Rome declined, each tribunal was forced to rely upon its own assets and resources to fund its work, resulting in a situation whereby tribunals increasingly came to resemble businesses. As each tribunal was permitted to keep a substantial proportion of the fines and confiscations it levied, questions quickly arose regarding the economic considerations that may have motivated the Inquisition’s actions. Dr Maifreda argues that the Inquisition, with the need to generate sufficient revenue to continue working, had a clear incentive to target wealthy groups within society who could afford to yield up substantial revenues. Furthermore, as secular authorities also began to rely upon a levy on these revenues, the financial considerations of decisions regarding heresy prosecutions become even greater. Based upon a wealth of hitherto neglected primary sources from the Vatican and local Italian archives, Dr Maifreda reveals the underlying financial structures that played a vital part in the operations of the Roman Inquisition. By exploring the system of incentives and pressures that guided the actions of inquisitors in their procedural processes and choice of victims, a much clearer understanding of the Roman Inquisition emerges. This book is an English translation of I denari dell’inquisitore. Affari e giustizia di fede nell’Italia moderna (Turin: Einaudi, 2014).
Download or read book Routledge Revivals Medieval Italy 2004 written by Christopher Kleinhenz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 1952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2004, Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia provides an introduction to the many and diverse facets of Italian civilization from the late Roman empire to the end of the fourteenth century. It presents in two volumes articles on a wide range of topics including history, literature, art, music, urban development, commerce and economics, social and political institutions, religion and hagiography, philosophy and science. This illustrated, A-Z reference is a cross-disciplinary resource and will be of key interest not only to students and scholars of history but also to those studying a range of subjects, as well as the general reader.
Download or read book Coping with Crisis The Resilience and Vulnerability of Pre Industrial Settlements written by Daniel R. Curtis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why in the pre-industrial period were some settlements resilient and stable over the long term while other settlements were vulnerable to crisis? Indeed, what made certain human habitations more prone to decline or even total collapse, than others? All pre-industrial societies had to face certain challenges: exogenous environmental hazards such as earthquakes or plagues, economic or political hazards from ’outside’ such as warfare or expropriation of property, or hazards of their own-making such as soil erosion or subsistence crises. How then can we explain why some societies were able to overcome or negate these problems, while other societies proved susceptible to failure, as settlements contracted, stagnated, were abandoned, or even disappeared entirely? This book has been stimulated by the questions and hypotheses put forward by a recent ’disaster studies’ literature - in particular, by placing the intrinsic arrangement of societies at the forefront of the explanatory framework. Essentially it is suggested that the resilience or vulnerability of habitation has less to do with exogenous crises themselves, but on endogenous societal responses which dictate: (a) the extent of destruction caused by crises and the capacity for society to protect itself; and (b) the capacity to create a sufficient recovery. By empirically testing the explanatory framework on a number of societies between the Middle Ages and the nineteenth century in England, the Low Countries, and Italy, it is ultimately argued in this book that rather than the protective functions of the state or the market, or the implementation of technological innovation or capital investment, the most resilient human habitations in the pre-industrial period were those than displayed an equitable distribution of property and a well-balanced distribution of power between social interest groups. Equitable distributions of power and property were the underlying conditions in pre-industrial societies that all
Download or read book Medieval Italy written by Christopher Kleinhenz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 3134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia gathers together the most recent scholarship on Medieval Italy, while offering a sweeping view of all aspects of life in Italy during the Middle Ages. This two volume, illustrated, A-Z reference is a cross-disciplinary resource for information on literature, history, the arts, science, philosophy, and religion in Italy between A.D. 450 and 1375. For more information including the introduction, a full list of entries and contributors, a generous selection of sample pages, and more, visit the Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia website.
Download or read book The Invention of Enterprise written by David S. Landes and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-02-26 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sweeping global history of entrepreneurial innovation Whether hailed as heroes or cast as threats to social order, entrepreneurs—and their innovations—have had an enormous influence on the growth and prosperity of nations. The Invention of Enterprise gathers together, for the first time, leading economic historians to explore the entrepreneur's role in society from antiquity to the present. Addressing social and institutional influences from a historical context, each chapter examines entrepreneurship during a particular period and in an important geographic location. The book chronicles the sweeping history of enterprise in Mesopotamia and Neo-Babylon; carries the reader through the Islamic Middle East; offers insights into the entrepreneurial history of China, Japan, and Colonial India; and describes the crucial role of the entrepreneur in innovative activity in Europe and the United States, from the medieval period to today. In considering the critical contributions of entrepreneurship, the authors discuss why entrepreneurial activities are not always productive and may even sabotage prosperity. They examine the institutions and restrictions that have enabled or impeded innovation, and the incentives for the adoption and dissemination of inventions. They also describe the wide variations in global entrepreneurial activity during different historical periods and the similarities in development, as well as entrepreneurship's role in economic growth. The book is filled with past examples and events that provide lessons for promoting and successfully pursuing contemporary entrepreneurship as a means of contributing to the welfare of society. The Invention of Enterprise lays out a definitive picture for all who seek an understanding of innovation's central place in our world.
Download or read book Land and Family written by John Mullan and published by Univ of Hertfordshire Press. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a special emphasis on the exchange of land between medieval servile tenants--especially from the 13th century onward--this scholarly examination of the peasant land market of the Middle Ages explores the identification of peasant families with particular lands to which they had a hereditary right. Using this theme to explore village life and showing how peasants were affected by the changes over time and place, this study employs primary source material from the Winchester estates. Analyzing thousands of land exchanges and interactions from more than 50 different manors on Winchester, this volume reveals unparalleled opportunities for comparing regional and local differences of experience.
