Download or read book Identifying Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA Systems on a Network Via Remote Reconnaissance written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) 63 calls for improving the security of Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) and other control systems which operate the critical infrastructure of the United States. In the past, these industrial computer systems relied on security through obscurity. Recent economic and technical shifts within the controls industry have increased their vulnerability to cyber attack. Concurrently, their value as a target has been recognized by terrorist organizations and competing nation states. Network reconnaissance is a basic tool that allows computer security managers to understand their complex systems. However, existing reconnaissance tools incorporate little or no understanding of control systems. This thesis provided a conceptual analysis for the creation of a SCADA network exploration/reconnaissance tool. Several reconnaissance techniques were research and reviewed in a laboratory environment to determine their utility for SCADA system discovery. Additionally, an application framework using common non-SCADA security tools was created to provide a proof of concept. Development of a viable tool for identifying SCADA systems remotely will help improve critical infrastructure security by improving situational awareness for network managers.

Download or read book Transportation Infrastructure Security Utilizing Intelligent Transportation Systems written by Ryan Fries and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-10 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first practical guide to infrastructure security using Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Intelligent Transportation Systems, or ITS, integrates different computing, control, and communication technologies to help monitor and manage traffic management that helps reduce congestion while saving lives, time, and money. While mobility and safety are the primary objectives of any good transportation system, security has also become an equally important consideration in their design and operation. This book provides a comprehensive treatment of techniques to leverage ITS in support of security and safety for surface transportation infrastructure. Through the book's multidisciplinary approach, readers gain a comprehensive introduction to the diverse aspects of transportation infrastructure security as well as how ITS can reduce risks and be protected from threats with such topics as computer systems, risk analysis, and multi-modal transportation systems. This book, which will serve as a textbook and guide, provides: Current ITS approaches to security issues such as freight security, disaster and evacuation response, HAZMAT incidents, rail security, and ITS Wide Area Alerts Guidance on the development of a regional transportation security plan Securing ITS itself and privacy issues involved in any collection and use of personally identifiable tracking data Exercises, question-and-answer sections, and other helpful review tools for the reader Filling a gap in the practical application of security, Transportation Infrastructure Security Utilizing Intelligent Transportation Systems offers both students and transportation professionals valuable insights into the new security challenges encountered and how to manage these challenges with the use of computerized transportation systems.

Download or read book Securing Your SCADA and Industrial Control Systems written by Defense Dept., Technical Support Working Group (TSWG) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Version 1.0. This guidebook provides information for enhancing the security of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Systems (SCADA) and Industrial Control Systems (ICS). The information is a comprehensive overview of industrial control system security, including administrative controls, architecture design, and security technology. This is a guide for enhancing security, not a how-to manual for building an ICS, and its purpose is to teach ICS managers, administrators, operators, engineers, and other ICS staff what security concerns they should be taking into account. Other related products: National Response Framework, 2008 is available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/064-000-00044-6 National Strategy for Homeland Security (October 2007) is available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/041-001-00657-5 New Era of Responsibility: Renewing America's Promise can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/041-001-00660-5

Download or read book Cyberthreats Attacks and Intrusion Detection in Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Networks written by Wei Gao and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are computer-based process control systems that interconnect and monitor remote physical processes. There have been many real world documented incidents and cyber-attacks affecting SCADA systems, which clearly illustrate critical infrastructure vulnerabilities. These reported incidents demonstrate that cyber-attacks against SCADA systems might produce a variety of financial damage and harmful events to humans and their environment. This dissertation documents four contributions towards increased security for SCADA systems. First, a set of cyber-attacks was developed. Second, each attack was executed against two fully functional SCADA systems in a laboratory environment; a gas pipeline and a water storage tank. Third, signature based intrusion detection system rules were developed and tested which can be used to generate alerts when the aforementioned attacks are executed against a SCADA system. Fourth, a set of features was developed for a decision tree based anomaly based intrusion detection system. The features were tested using the datasets developed for this work. This dissertation documents cyber-attacks on both serial based and Ethernet based SCADA networks. Four categories of attacks against SCADA systems are discussed: reconnaissance, malicious response injection, malicious command injection and denial of service. In order to evaluate performance of data mining and machine learning algorithms for intrusion detection systems in SCADA systems, a network dataset to be used for benchmarking intrusion detection systems was generated. This network dataset includes different classes of attacks that simulate different attack scenarios on process control systems. This dissertation describes four SCADA network intrusion detection datasets; a full and abbreviated dataset for both the gas pipeline and water storage tank systems. Each feature in the dataset is captured from network flow records. This dataset groups two different categories of features that can be used as input to an intrusion detection system. First, network traffic features describe the communication patterns in a SCADA system. This research developed both signature based IDS and anomaly based IDS for the gas pipeline and water storage tank serial based SCADA systems. The performance of both types of IDS were evaluates by measuring detection rate and the prevalence of false positives.

Download or read book Tm 5 601 written by United States Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 2015-02-16 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Download or read book SCADA Security written by Abdulmohsen Almalawi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the design and use of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to secure Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems Cyber-attacks on SCADA systems—the control system architecture that uses computers, networked data communications, and graphical user interfaces for high-level process supervisory management—can lead to costly financial consequences or even result in loss of life. Minimizing potential risks and responding to malicious actions requires innovative approaches for monitoring SCADA systems and protecting them from targeted attacks. SCADA Security: Machine Learning Concepts for Intrusion Detection and Prevention is designed to help security and networking professionals develop and deploy accurate and effective Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) for SCADA systems that leverage autonomous machine learning. Providing expert insights, practical advice, and up-to-date coverage of developments in SCADA security, this authoritative guide presents a new approach for efficient unsupervised IDS driven by SCADA-specific data. Organized into eight in-depth chapters, the text first discusses how traditional IT attacks can also be possible against SCADA, and describes essential SCADA concepts, systems, architectures, and main components. Following chapters introduce various SCADA security frameworks and approaches, including evaluating security with virtualization-based SCADAVT, using SDAD to extract proximity-based detection, finding a global and efficient anomaly threshold with GATUD, and more. This important book: Provides diverse perspectives on establishing an efficient IDS approach that can be implemented in SCADA systems Describes the relationship between main components and three generations of SCADA systems Explains the classification of a SCADA IDS based on its architecture and implementation Surveys the current literature in the field and suggests possible directions for future research SCADA Security: Machine Learning Concepts for Intrusion Detection and Prevention is a must-read for all SCADA security and networking researchers, engineers, system architects, developers, managers, lecturers, and other SCADA security industry practitioners.

Download or read book SCADA System for Remote Control and Monitoring of Grid Connected Inverters written by Sarinda Lahiru Jayasinghe and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a development of a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system for remote control and monitoring of grid-connected inverters. Since the number of battery energy storages connected to the grid is increasing the number of inverters connected to the power system is also rapidly growing. Utilities need to have the ability to monitor and control those inverters connected to the grid to maintain the stability of the network, to improve the quality of the power supplied and to stabilize the energy prices. After recognizing the requirement for a low-cost SCADA system for grid-tied inverters, essential features that needs to be embedded in the system have been identified by analyzing SCADA systems in the Wind Energy Institute Canada (WEICAN). Based on available options to fulfill the requirement selected SCADA systems were tested during the research. Based on the test results an Internet of Things (IoT) based server has been kept as the core of the developed SCADA system, and a SCADA development has been carried out to improve the system to deliver features identified. A requirement was recognized to embed an automatic control algorithm to the SCADA system for optimal control of the inverter to maximize the economic benefits out of it by considering the energy price variation and the renewable energy variation through a specific period. Results illustrate that the developed SCADA system has been able to deliver features identified during the research and the wind prediction algorithm has been able to maximize the economic benefits.

Download or read book SECURITY SOLUTIONS FOR SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION SCADA NETWORKS IN INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS written by Darshana Upadhyay and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) networks play a vital role in Industrial Control Systems (ICSs). Industrial organizations perform operations remotely through SCADA systems to accelerate their processes. However, these network capabilities come at the cost of exposing the systems to cyber-attacks. Consequently, effective solutions are required to detect intrusions and secure SCADA systems as cyber-attacks on industrial infrastructure can have catastrophic consequences. Furthermore, SCADA field devices are equipped with micro-controllers for processing information and have limited computational power and resources. As a result, lightweight cryptography solutions are needed to strengthen the security of industrial plants against cyber threats. The Ph.D. work focuses on three major elements to secure the SCADA-based ICSs, namely, vulnerability assessment of field-site components, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) for plant floor and control center, and robust cryptographic-based secure solution for SCADA communications. The overall goal of this thesis is to cover the landscape of SCADA weaknesses by providing efficient, lightweight, and robust solutions to strengthen the security of industrial applications. The contributions of this thesis fulfill the objective of providing a full life-cycle strategy to innovate, design, and implement a security framework to protect SCADA networks against cyber-attacks in industrial control systems.

Download or read book Resilient Control and Intrusion Detection for SCADA Systems written by Xia Bonnie Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are deeply ingrained in the fabric of critical infrastructure sectors. These computerized real-time process control systems, over geographically dispersed continuous distribution operations, are increasingly subject to serious damage and disruption by cyber means due to their standardization and connectivity to other networks. However, SCADA systems generally have little protection from the escalating cyber threats. To achieve defense-in-depth for SCADA systems by means of intrusion detection and resilient control, this dissertation strives for a robust stochastic signal and system approach without being overly-pessimistic. Its main elements are (1) two SCADA-specific comprehensive taxonomies with one on cyber attacks and the other on intrusion detection system to layout the lay of the land and shed light to the workspace, (2) one overall framework/architecture for intrusion detection and resilient control -- Xware (3) its measurement fusion assurance component -- Trust counter, (4) one signal-based early-detection and resilient estimation scheme with proved theoretical performance bounds, for SCADA systems in general. Especially the said Robust General Likelihood Ratio Test (RGLRT) is generic enough and has been applied to linear dynamical systems in general and beyond. (5) The application of RGLRT in network traffic anomaly detection. (6) The application of RGLRT to anomaly detection for SCADA systems in smart grids through model construction and identification for both clean renewable energy supply and variable consumer demand. First, in order to understand the potential danger and to protect SCADA systems, we highlight their difference from standard Information Technology (IT) systems are and present a set of security property goals. Furthermore, we systematically identify and classify likelycyber attacks including cyber-induced cyber-physical attacks on SCADA systems according the SCADA's hierarchy. Determined by the impact on control performance of SCADA systems, we use the attack categorization criteria to stress commonalities and important features of such attacks that define unique challenges posed to securing SCADA systems versus traditional IT systems. Second, in order to address the big challenge of how to modify conventional IT intrusion detection techniques to suit the needs of SCADA, we explain the nuance associated with the task of SCADA-specific intrusion detection and frame it in the domain interest of control's researchers to illuminate problem space. We present a taxonomy and a set of metrics for SCADA-specific intrusion detection techniques through heightening their possible use in SCADA systems. In particular, we enumerate a list of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) that are proposed to undertake this endeavor. Drawing upon the discussion, we identify the deficits and voids in current research. Based upon this taxonomy and analysis on which SCADA-specific IDS strategies are most likely to succeed, we offer recommendations and future research venues in part through presenting a prototype of such efforts towards this goal. Third, we present the overall architecture for instruction detection and resilient control Xware. It is comprised of two strong footings -- Normalcy Checking, a control theoretic, domain knowledge specific, specification-based payload inspection system and a high-speed, real-time, behavioral-based Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS). Xware integrates a Trust Counter to verify the truthfulness of sensor measurements. It also provides exfiltration of confidential information from within the intranet. Moreover, Xware hardens SCADA system with compensation schemes when intrusion evades NIDS or unexpected fault occurs to guarantee its performance. It puts things in perceptive and highlights the overall systematic and holistic approach. Fourth, we propose the Trust Counter to deal the case when the possible manifestation of those potential disruption from cyber attacks can affect the Kalman filter, the primary recursive estimation method used in the control engineering field. Whereas, to improve such estimation, data fusion may take place at a central location to fuse and process multiple sensor measurements delivered over the network. In an uncertain networked control system where the nodes and links are subject to attacks, false or compromised or missing individual readings can produce skewed results. To assure the validity of data fusion, we propose a centralized trust rating system. It evaluates the trustworthiness of each sensor reading on top of the fusion mechanism. The ratings are represented by Beta distribution, the conjugate prior of the binomial distribution and its posterior. Then an illustrative example demonstrates its efficiency. Fifth, RGLRT is an earlier anomaly detection and resilient estimation scheme for the cyber-physical systems, networked control systems to be specific, in an uncertain network environment. It robustly identifies and detects outliers among real-time multidimensional measurements of dynamical systems by using an online window-limited sequential Robust Generalized Likelihood Ratio (RGLR) test without any prior knowledge of the occurrence time and distribution of the outliers. The robust sequential testing and quick detection scheme achieves the optimal stopping time with low rates in both false alarm and misdetection. We propose a set of qualitative and quantitative metric to measure its optimality in the context of cyber-physical systems. Further, this resilient and flexible estimation scheme robustly rectifies and cleans data upon both isolated and patchy outliers while maintain the optimality of the Kalman Filter under the nominal condition. Its approximated optimality of the robustification performance is shown through stochastic approximation. Sixth, we give a network anomaly detection scheme as one of the applications of RGLRT. The time series model of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) progress, finds its wide usage including network security applications. Model building and anomaly detection based on such models are often a first and important step towards monitoring unexpected problems and assuring the soundness and security of those systems being studied. The time variability by the coefficients in those dynamic regression models is particularly relevant and possibly indicative. To address this issue, a corresponding framework and a novel anomaly detection approach based on the Kalman filter for identifying those dynamic models including their parameters and a General Likelihood Ratio (GLR) test for detecting suspicious changes in the parameters and therefore the models is proposed. The idea is shown through experiments and show its promising potential in terms of accuracy and robustness. Seventh, we apply RGLRT to anomaly detection for SCADA systems in smart grids. While the utilization of clean energy resources including wind and solar power sets to grow from filling the gap of peak hours to taking a larger share in the upcoming smart grid and efficient infrastructure, the price-incentivized electricity consumption shall alleviate peak hours and reduce power outages. Both benign faults and malicious attacks threat the reliability and availability of the new grid. We address these duo problems from the angle of one fundamental technique used. The ARIMA time series models play roles at both ends in this new ecosystem: namely, predicting the variable clean energy resource on the supply side and forecasting the flexible load demand on the consume side. Model construction and anomaly detection based on such models are often a first and important step towards monitoring unexpected problems and assuring the soundness and security of those systems being studied. The time variability of the coefficients in those dynamic regression models is particularly relevant and possibly indicative. Thus a corresponding framework and a novel anomaly detection approach is introduced. It's based on a robustified Kalman Filter for identifying those dynamic models including their parameters and a RGLRT for detecting suspicious changes in the parameters and therefore the models. Currently, the effectiveness and robustness of this method is shown through simulation.

Download or read book Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are types of Industrial Control Systems that play a critical role in the key infrastructure and critical resources of many nations. SCADA systems are made up of hardware and software that aid in the automation and control of equipment that perform tasks throughout society. Some examples of these tasks may include, but are not limited to, monitoring drinking water, controlling dams, monitoring power grids, controlling oil pipelines, controlling chemical plants and controlling military weapons systems. Recently, there has been a series of cyber-attacks and publications that demonstrate weaknesses in SCADA security. These vulnerabilities pose serious threats to infrastructure and society. The goal of this research is to introduce more effective ways of identifying potentially exploitable SCADA systems and to present new SCADA software vulnerabilities.

Download or read book Network Intrusion Detection for Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition SCADA Systems written by Amit Kleinmann and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Review of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA Systems written by Reva Nickelson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review using open source information was performed to obtain datarelated to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems used to supervise and control domestic electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. This report provides the technical details for the types of systems used, system disposal, cyber and physical security measures, network connections, and a gap analysis of SCADA security holes.

Download or read book Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA Systems Security Guide written by R. Blume and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fundamentals of Network Forensics written by R.C. Joshi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely text/reference presents a detailed introduction to the essential aspects of computer network forensics. The book considers not only how to uncover information hidden in email messages, web pages and web servers, but also what this reveals about the functioning of the Internet and its core protocols. This, in turn, enables the identification of shortcomings and highlights where improvements can be made for a more secure network. Topics and features: provides learning objectives in every chapter, and review questions throughout the book to test understanding; introduces the basic concepts of network process models, network forensics frameworks and network forensics tools; discusses various techniques for the acquisition of packets in a network forensics system, network forensics analysis, and attribution in network forensics; examines a range of advanced topics, including botnet, smartphone, and cloud forensics; reviews a number of freely available tools for performing forensic activities.

Download or read book Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System written by Khalilur Rahman and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems are playing an increasingly important role in the electrical power, petroleum and gas, transport, water treatment and other large industries although recent trends indicate that the system is catching interest in the building and energy management area. A well designed SCADA system can simplify the operation of complicated plants., enhance safety and reduce man-power needed in hazardous environment, improve the performance of plant operators when faced with emergency situations, and increase the efficiency of plants. This paper deals with SCADA system in the electrical power industry and concentrates on the role played by microprocessors in the Remote Termonal Unit (RTU).

Download or read book ICIW2012 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Information Warfare and Security written by Volodymyr Lysenko and published by Academic Conferences Limited. This book was released on 2012 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Intrusion Detection of a Simulated SCADA System Using a Data driven Modeling Approach written by Brien Alen Jeffries and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) are large, geographically distributed systems that regulate help processes in industries such as nuclear power, transportation or manufacturing. SCADA is a combination of physical, sensing, and communications equipment that is used for monitoring, control and telemetry acquisition actions. Because SCADA often control the distribution of vital resources such as electricity and water, there is a need to protect these cyber-physical systems from those with possible malicious intent. To this end, an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is utilized to monitor telemetry sources in order to detect unwanted activities and maintain overall system integrity. This dissertation presents the results in developing a behavior-based approach to intrusion detection using a simulated SCADA test bed. Empirical modeling techniques known as Auto Associative Kernel Regression (AAKR) and Auto Associative Multivariate State Estimation Technique (AAMSET) are used to learn the normal behavior of the test bed. The test bed was then subjected to repeated intrusion injection experiments using penetration testing software and exploit codes. Residuals generated from these experiments are then supplied to an anomaly detection algorithm known as the Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT). This approach is considered novel in that the AAKR and AAMSET, combined with the SPRT, have not been utilized previously in industry for cybersecurity purposes. Also presented in this dissertation is a newly developed variable grouping algorithm that is based on the Auto Correlation Function (ACF) for a given set of input data. Variable grouping is needed for these modeling methods to arrive at a suitable set of predictors that return the lowest error in model performance. The developed behavior-based techniques were able to successfully detect many types of intrusions that include network reconnaissance, DoS, unauthorized access, and information theft. These methods would then be useful in detecting unwanted activities of intruders from both inside and outside of the monitored network. These developed methods would also serve to add an additional layer of security. When compared with two separate variable grouping methods, the newly developed grouping method presented in this dissertation was shown to extract similar groups or groups with lower average model prediction errors.