Download or read book Identification of Submarine Landslide for Tsunami Hazard Assessment in the Gulf of Mexico Using a Probabilistic Approach written by Lisha Lohithakshan Parambath and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eastern coast of USA, including the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), is more prone to tsunamis caused by submarine landslides than earthquakes. The Tsunami Hazard Assessment research program lead by ten Brink, 2009, reported the presence of ancient submarine landslides deposit in the GOM dating back to the post glacial period which indicates that there is a likelihood for tsunami events in the future. In fact, the GOM has some of the largest submarine landslides when compared to landslides off the coast of Oregon, central California and New Jersey. Moreover, the high population density and the ongoing industrial development in the GOM, makes it necessary to assess the hazard and develop mitigation plans that involve the development of inundation map, education, early warning and evacuation plans. Specifically in the GOM, assessing the tsunami hazard is to develop tsunami inundation map to identify potential submarine landslide sources, either by using a probabilistic approach or a deterministic approach that uses worst case landslide-tsunami scenarios. A probabilistic approach in the GOM is more suited due to the lack of earlier records of tsunami caused by submarine landslides. Thus the probabilistic model can mimic or create tsunami scenarios based on distribution of physical and geometrical variables involve in the landslide-tsunami mechanisms. Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) is the tool used to generate random variables under certain distribution, and the MCS Model for the GOM generates a large number of submarine landslides with randomized parameters (like location, runout length, depth, headscarp height, width, slope etc.) capable of producing tsunamis. Parameter results are validated to verify if their distribution follow the same distribution from observed landslide events. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152480

Download or read book Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by Sebastian Krastel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-02 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Submarine mass movements are a hidden geohazard with large destructive potential for submarine installations and coastal areas. This hazard and associated risk is growing in proportion with increasing population of coastal urban agglomerations, industrial infrastructure, and coastal tourism. Also, the intensified use of the seafloor for natural resource production, and deep sea cables constitutes an increasing risk. Submarine slides may alter the coastline and bear a high tsunamogenic potential. There is a potential link of submarine mass wasting with climate change, as submarine landslides can uncover and release large amounts greenhouse gases, mainly methane, that are now stored in marine sediments. The factors that govern the stability of submarine slopes against failure, the processes that lead to slope collapses and the collapse processes by themselves need to be better understood in order to foresee and prepare society for potentially hazardous events. This book volume consists of a collection of cutting edge scientific research by international experts in the field, covering geological, geophysical, engineering and environmental aspects of submarine slope failures. The focus is on understanding the full spectrum of challenges presented by this major coastal and offshore geohazard.

Download or read book From Tsunami Science to Hazard and Risk Assessment Methods and Models written by Stefano Lorito and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by Jacques Locat and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Did you know that the Grand Bank earthquake of 1929 triggered a huge submarine mass movement which broke submarine cables over a distance of up to 1000 km from its source and generated a tsunami which devastated a small village in Newfoundland killing 27 people? The same happened in Papua New Guinea in 1998 with more than 2000 casualties. Submarine mass movements of various sizes and styles are shaping the sea floor and are of concern for many facets of human activities both onshore and offshore. These include the development of natural resources, energy and communication transport, coastal infrastructures and communities. This book provides a world-wide perspective of submarine mass movements and their consequences. This has been made possible by assembling excellent contributions from active researchers, groups, or institutions, thus providing full coverage of the many scientific and engineering aspects of this type of marine and coastal geo-hazard. It covers fundamental as well as site specific studies from many areas including the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, inner seas like the Mediterranean Sea, and fjords using the most recent technologies from multibeam sonar imaging techniques, 3D seismic analysis, slope stability analysis, to debris flow and tsunami modeling. Audience: This book is of interest to any researcher in the field of marine and coastal geo-hazards. It will be useful for planners, scientists and engineers involved in the development of offshore and near-shore resources and also to those in charge of the management and mitigation of coastal hazards. For graduate students, this book provides an up-to-date vision of the process of submarine mass movements and their consequences from both a scientific and an engineering standpoint, and it includes a unique collection of the existing literature on marine geo-hazards. CD-Rom included This volume contains a CD-Rom which in addition to an electronically searchable version of the contributions, has full colour versions of figures which are printed in black and white in the book.

Download or read book Tsunami Warning and Preparedness written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many coastal areas of the United States are at risk for tsunamis. After the catastrophic 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, legislation was passed to expand U.S. tsunami warning capabilities. Since then, the nation has made progress in several related areas on both the federal and state levels. At the federal level, NOAA has improved the ability to detect and forecast tsunamis by expanding the sensor network. Other federal and state activities to increase tsunami safety include: improvements to tsunami hazard and evacuation maps for many coastal communities; vulnerability assessments of some coastal populations in several states; and new efforts to increase public awareness of the hazard and how to respond. Tsunami Warning and Preparedness explores the advances made in tsunami detection and preparedness, and identifies the challenges that still remain. The book describes areas of research and development that would improve tsunami education, preparation, and detection, especially with tsunamis that arrive less than an hour after the triggering event. It asserts that seamless coordination between the two Tsunami Warning Centers and clear communications to local officials and the public could create a timely and effective response to coastal communities facing a pending tsuanami. According to Tsunami Warning and Preparedness, minimizing future losses to the nation from tsunamis requires persistent progress across the broad spectrum of efforts including: risk assessment, public education, government coordination, detection and forecasting, and warning-center operations. The book also suggests designing effective interagency exercises, using professional emergency-management standards to prepare communities, and prioritizing funding based on tsunami risk.

Download or read book Probabilistic Assessments of the Seismic Stability of Slopes written by Yubing Wang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake-induced landslides are a significant seismic hazard that can generate large economic losses. Predicting earthquake-induced landslides often involves an assessment of the expected sliding displacement induced by the ground shaking. A deterministic approach is commonly used for this purpose. This approach predicts sliding displacements using the expected ground shaking and the best-estimate slope properties (i.e., soil shear strengths, ground water conditions and thicknesses of sliding blocks), and does not consider the aleatory variability in predictions of ground shaking or sliding displacements or the epistemic uncertainties in the slope properties. In this dissertation, a probabilistic framework for predicting the sliding displacement of flexible sliding masses during earthquakes is developed. This framework computes a displacement hazard curve using: (1) a ground motion hazard curve from a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, (2) a model for predicting the dynamic response of the sliding mass, (3) a model for predicting the sliding response of the sliding mass, and (4) a logic tree that incorporates the uncertainties in the various input parameters. The developed probabilistic framework for flexible sliding masses is applied to a slope at a site in California. The results of this analysis show that the displacements predicted by the probabilistic approach are larger than the deterministic approach due to the influence of the uncertainties in the slope properties. Reducing these uncertainties can reduce the predicted displacements. Regional maps of seismic landslide potential are used in land-use planning and to identify zones that require detailed, site-specific studies. Current seismic landslide hazard mapping efforts typically utilize deterministic approaches to estimate rigid sliding block displacements and identify potential slope failures. A probabilistic framework that uses displacement hazard curves and logic-tree analysis is developed for regional seismic landslide mapping efforts. A computationally efficient approach is developed that allows the logic-tree approach to be applied for regional analysis. Anchorage, Alaska is used as a study area to apply the developed approach. With aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainties considered, the probabilistic map shows that the area of high/very high hazard of seismic landslides increases by a factor of 3 compared with a deterministic map.

Download or read book Subaqueous Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by A. Georgiopoulou and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This GSL volume focuses on underwater or subaqueous landslides with the overarching goal of understanding how they affect society and the environment. The new research presented here is the result of significant advances made over recent years in directly monitoring submarine landslides, in standardising global datasets for quantitative analysis, constructing a global database, and leading international research projects. This volume demonstrates the breadth of investigation taking place into subaqueous landslides, and shows that while events like the recent ones in the Indonesian archipelago can be devastating they are at the smaller end of what the Earth has experienced in the past. Understanding the spectrum of subaqueous landslide processes, and therefore the potential societal impact, requires research across all spatial and temporal scales. This volume delivers a compilation of state-of-the-art papers covering topics from regional landslide databases to advanced techniques for in situ measurements, to numerical modelling of processes and hazards.

Download or read book Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by D.C. Mosher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-27 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent global events such as the devastating 1998 Papua New Guinea tsunami, the 2004 Sumatran tsunami and the 2006 SE Asia undersea network cable failure underscore the societal and economic effects of submarine mass movements. These events call upon the scientific community to understand submarine mass movement processes and consequences to assist in hazard assessment, mitigation and planning. Additionally, submarine mass movements are beginning to be recognized as prevalent in continental margin geologic sections. As such, they represent a significant if not dominant role in margin sedimentary processes. They also represent a potential hazard to hydrocarbon exploration and development, but also represent exploration indicators and targets. This volume consists of a collection of the latest scientific research by international experts in geological, geophysical, engineering and environment aspects of submarine mass failures, focussed on understanding the full spectrum of challenges presented by submarine mass movements and their consequences.

Download or read book Regional Earthquake induced Landslide Assessments Using a Data informed Probabilistic Approach written by Laide Ojomo and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seismically active state of California is characterized by the potential for permanent ground displacements of slopes, such as those in the form of landslides, during earthquake events. The adverse impacts of these landslides on the built environment, infrastructure, nature, and human lives are significant. It is of critical importance in geotechnical engineering to adequately assess, mitigate and/or minimize these impacts for effective seismic landslide risk management. In California, several thousands of kilometers of spatially distributed lifeline infrastructure, such as natural gas pipelines, traverse regions that are susceptible to earthquake-induced landslides, creating a need for a state-wide seismic risk assessment of natural gas pipelines. These assessments require the spatial distributions of earthquake-induced landslides within these regions as well as the characteristics of the landslides (such as displacement amount, size, and direction of movement) as inputs into pipeline fragility models. To accurately estimate displacements on a regional scale, there is a need for adequate characterization of shear strength properties of geologic units, slope properties and groundwater table. The first goal of this dissertation is to develop a data-informed, statistical approach to characterizing shear strength parameters for geologic units across California. The approach involves jointly analyzing geotechnical data from the California Geological Survey (CGS) borehole database and a California statewide geologic map, while incorporating professional judgment derived in consultation with geologists/geotechnical engineers in California. The second goal is to compute seismic landslide displacements on a regional scale and use this information to define seismic landslide zones along with the attributes of size, movement, and direction. The geologically assigned strength parameters are used in conjunction with slope properties and the groundwater table depth to estimate yield acceleration and the yield acceleration and ground shaking are used to compute sliding displacements at a 10-m grid resolution across the state. Due to the state-wide scale of the analysis, epistemic uncertainties associated with the input parameters, as well as those associated with the empirical displacement models, are incorporated using a logic tree approach. The grid-level values of sliding displacement are used to identify landslide zones and to compute probability distributions of the amount of movement, the landslide size, and the direction of landslide movement that can be used for regional-scale pipeline risk assessments. A new framework for defining landslide zones that involves integrating geomorphic landforms with sliding displacements to delineate boundaries for individual landslide zones is developed. An illustration of the application of the framework is also presented for a small study area in Southern California. The final objective of the work is to evaluate the predictive performance of the framework using landslide inventories from four historical earthquakes events. These analyses demonstrated that the seismic landslide framework captures a large percentage of observed landslides (63% to 95% across the four earthquake events), but that there is the potential for significant overprediction. This overprediction is most significant when the event-specific conditions (e.g., groundwater table) are not consistent with the values used in the logic tree. The seismic landslide predictions can be improved by incorporating more localized shear strength, slope properties, and groundwater table data into the analyses where available to minimize the degree of uncertainties that accompanies regional-scale assessments

Download or read book Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by Yasuhiro Yamada and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Submarine mass movements represent major offshore geohazards due to their destructive and tsunami-generation potential. This potential poses a threat to human life as well as to coastal, nearshore and offshore engineering structures. Recent examples of catastrophic submarine landslide events that affected human populations (including tsunamis) are numerous; e.g., Nice airport in 1979, Papua-New Guinea in 1998, Stromboli in 2002, Finneidfjord in 1996, and the 2006 and 2009 failures in the submarine cable network around Taiwan. The Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011 also generated submarine landslides that may have amplified effects of the devastating tsunami. Given that 30% of the World’s population live within 60 km of the coast, the hazard posed by submarine landslides is expected to grow as global sea level rises. This elevated awareness of the need for better understanding of submarine landslides is coupled with great advances in submarine mapping, sampling and monitoring technologies. Laboratory analogue and numerical modeling capabilities have also developed significantly of late. Multibeam sonar, 3D seismic reflection, and remote and autonomous underwater vehicle technologies provide hitherto unparalleled imagery of the geology beneath the oceans, permitting investigation of submarine landslide deposits in great detail. Increased and new access to drilling, coring, in situ measurements and monitoring devices allows for ground-thruth of geophysical data and provides access to samples for geotechnical laboratory experiments and information on in situ strength and effective stress conditions of underwater slopes susceptible to fail. Great advances in numerical simulation techniques of submarine landslide kinematics and tsunami propagation, particularly since the 2004 Sumatra tsunami, have also lead to increased understanding and predictability of submarine landslide consequences. This volume consists of the latest scientific research by international experts in geological, geophysical, engineering and environmental aspects of submarine mass failure, focused on understanding the full spectrum of challenges presented by submarine mass movements and their consequences.

Download or read book Submarine Landslides written by Kei Ogata and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-12-24 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of ancient and contemporary submarine landslides and their impact Landslides are common in every subaqueous geodynamic context, from passive and active continental margins to oceanic and continental intraplate settings. They pose significant threats to both offshore and coastal areas due to their frequency, dimensions, and terminal velocity, capacity to travel great distances, and ability to generate potentially destructive tsunamis. Submarine Landslides: Subaqueous Mass Transport Deposits from Outcrops to Seismic Profiles examines the mechanisms, characteristics, and impacts of submarine landslides. Volume highlights include: Use of different methodological approaches, from geophysics to field-based geology Data on submarine landslide deposits at various scales Worldwide collection of case studies from on- and off-shore Potential risks to human society and infrastructure Impacts on the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere

Download or read book Submarine Landslides written by William C. Schwab and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Landslide Tsunamis Recent Findings and Research Directions written by Jean-Pierre Bardet and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of the disastrous tsunami which struck Papua New Guinea in 1998, this volume presents 20 state-of-the-art contributions on landslide tsunamis, including earthquake characteristics and ground motions, modeling of landslides in geotechnical engineering, field surveys on land and at sea, simulations of past, present, and potential future tsunamis, and theoretical studies of tsunami generation by landslides.

Download or read book Subaqueous Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by D.G. Lintern and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2019-09-25 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges facing submarine mass movement researchers and engineers are plentiful and exciting. This book follows several high-profile submarine landslide disasters that have reached the world’s attention over the past few years. For decades, researchers have been mapping the world’s mass movements. Their significant impacts on the Earth by distributing sediment on phenomenal scales is undeniable. Their importance in the origins of buried resources has long been understood. Their hazard potential ranges from damaging to apocalyptic, frequently damaging local infrastructure and sometimes devastating whole coastlines. Moving beyond mapping advances, the subaqueous mass movement scientists and practitioners are now also focussed on assessing the consequences of mass movements, and the measurement and modelling of events, hazard analysis and mitigation. Many state-of-the-art examples are provided in this book, which is produced under the auspices of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Program S4SLIDE (Significance of Modern and Ancient Submarine Slope LandSLIDEs).

Download or read book Quantitative Landslide Hazard Assessment in Regional Scale Using Statistical Modeling Techniques written by Manouchehr Motamedi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research study, a new probabilistic methodology for landslide hazard assessment in regional scale using Copula modeling technique is presented. In spite of the existing approaches, this methodology takes the possibility of dependence between landslide hazard components into account; and aims at creating a regional slope failure hazard map more precisely. Copula modeling technique as a widely accepted statistical approach is integrated with the hazard assessment concept to establish the dependence model between "landslide magnitude", "landslide frequency" and "landslide location" elements. This model makes us able to evaluate the conditional probability of occurrence of a landslide with a magnitude larger than an arbitrarily amount within a specific time period and at a given location. Part of the Seattle, WA area was selected to evaluate the competence of the presented method. Based on the results, the mean success rate of the presented model in predicting landslide occurrence is 90% on average; while the success rate is only 63% when these hazard elements were treated as mutually independent. Also, Seismic-induced landslides are one of threatening effects of earthquakes around the world that damage structures, utilities, and cause human loss. Therefore, predicting the areas where significant earthquake triggered hazard exists is a fundamental question that needs to be addressed by seismic hazard assessment techniques. The current methods used to assess seismic landslide hazard mostly ignore the uncertainty in the prediction of sliding displacement, or lack the use of comprehensive field observations of landslide and earthquake records. Therefore, a new probabilistic method is proposed in which the Newmark displacement index, the earthquake intensity, and the associated spatial factors are integrated into a multivariate Copula-based probabilistic function. This model is capable of predicting the sliding displacement index (Dn) that exceeds a threshold value for a specific hazard level in a regional scale. A quadrangle in Northridge area in Northern California having a large landslide database was selected as the study area. The final map indicates the sliding displacements in mapping units for the hazard level of 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years. Furthermore, to reduce human losses and damages to properties due to debris flows runout in many mountainous areas, a reliable prediction method is necessary. Since the existing runout estimation approaches require initial parameters such as volume, depth of moving mass and velocity that are involved with uncertainty and are often difficult to estimate, development of a probabilistic methodology for preliminary runout estimate is precious. Thus, we developed an empirical-statistical model that provides the runout distance prediction based on the average slope angle of the flow path. This model was developed within the corridor of the coastal bluffs along Puget Sound in Washington State. The robustness of this model was tested by applying it to 76 debris-flow events not used in its development. The obtained prediction rates of 92.2% for pre-occurred and 11.7% for non-occurred debris flow locations showed that the model results are consistent with the real debris-flow inventory database.

Download or read book Submarine Landslides and Tsunamis written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains complete text of the proceedings.

Download or read book Seismic Geomorphology of the Chandeleur Submarine Landslide in the Northern Gulf of Mexico written by Gabriel O. Martinez and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chandeleur Slide is a large submarine landslide on the Gulf of Mexico seafloor in approximately 1100 meters of water, 200 km southeast of New Orleans, LA. This part of the Mississippi Fan received high sedimentation throughout the Pleistocene, causing high pore fluid pressure and abundant slope failures, though few as large as the Chandeleur. Given its proximity to major coastal cities, oil and gas infrastructure, and its large size, I examine the Chandeleur Slide to: (1) map the location and thickness of the displaced sediment, (2) understand what led to the initial slope failure, (3) decipher if this was a fast-moving or slow-moving event, and (4) consider potential hazard implications a slide like the Chandeleur represents for seafloor infrastructures and tsunami risks to coastal communities surrounding the Gulf of Mexico. I interpreted publicly available 2D and 3D multichannel seismic surveys and high-resolution bathymetry data to reveal several flow paths generally due south/southeast, and a slow-moving sediment mass with a translational-rotational behavior. The Chandeleur Slide includes extensional faulting in the headscarp area and compressional structures in the northern-most toe confined by a natural ramp-like structure. Beneath the Chandeleur Slide, I observe an upward-migrating salt body that has compressed a regional sand-rich unit (the Blue Unit). I interpret that the upward-migrating salt led to overpressure within Blue Unit sand layers, facilitating the initial failure of the Chandeleur. After failure, the Chandeleur Slide transported a large volume of sediment southward but was blocked by antecedent topographic highs that deflected much of the sediment to the south/southwest. The initial failure was followed by retrogressive headwall retreat northward, which created the prominent scarp on the seafloor. In total, the Chandeleur Slide comprises an area just over 1000 km2 and contains about 300 km3 of failed sediment.