Download or read book Identification of Quantitative Trait Genes Affecting Production Traits in Dairy Cattle written by Stacy D. Leonard and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Detection of Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Milk Production and Health Traits in Dairy Cattle written by Adrienne Britton Kurtz and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Dissection of Complex Traits written by D.C. Rao and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2008-04-23 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of genetics is rapidly evolving and new medical breakthroughs are occuring as a result of advances in knowledge of genetics. This series continually publishes important reviews of the broadest interest to geneticists and their colleagues in affiliated disciplines. Five sections on the latest advances in complex traits Methods for testing with ethical, legal, and social implications Hot topics include discussions on systems biology approach to drug discovery; using comparative genomics for detecting human disease genes; computationally intensive challenges, and more
Download or read book A Narrowed Genome Scan for Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Twinning Rate and Production Traits in Holstein Cattle written by Jenifer Cruickshank and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genome Wide Association Studies and Genomic Prediction written by Cedric Gondro and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2013-06-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the detailed genomic information that is now becoming available, we have a plethora of data that allows researchers to address questions in a variety of areas. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become a vital approach to identify candidate regions associated with complex diseases in human medicine, production traits in agriculture, and variation in wild populations. Genomic prediction goes a step further, attempting to predict phenotypic variation in these traits from genomic information. Genome-Wide Association Studies and Genomic Prediction pulls together expert contributions to address this important area of study. The volume begins with a section covering the phenotypes of interest as well as design issues for GWAS, then moves on to discuss efficient computational methods to store and handle large datasets, quality control measures, phasing, haplotype inference, and imputation. Later chapters deal with statistical approaches to data analysis where the experimental objective is either to confirm the biology by identifying genomic regions associated to a trait or to use the data to make genomic predictions about a future phenotypic outcome (e.g. predict onset of disease). As part of the Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters provide helpful, real-world implementation advice.
Download or read book Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis in Animals written by Joel Ira Weller and published by CABI. This book was released on 2009 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) is a topic of major agricultural significance for efficient livestock production. This book covers various statistical methods that have been used or proposed for detection and analysis of QTL and marker-and gene-assisted selection in animal genetics and breeding.
Download or read book Marker assisted Selection written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive description and assessment of the use of marker-assisted selection for increasing the rate of genetic gain in crops, livestock, forestry and fish, including the related policy, FAO's tradition of dealing with issues of importance to agricultural and economic development in a multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral manner.
Download or read book From RNAseq to Milk Using RNA Molecular Phenotypes to Study Lactation in New Zealand Dairy Cattle written by Thomas Lopdell and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background Bovine milk is an important source of human nutrition. It is understood that milk production is under considerable genetic control, and our knowledge of the genes and variants underlying this regulation is incomplete. In most farming systems, germplasm is delivered by artificial insemination, enabling the rapid distribution of high-quality genetics across a population. The purpose of this study was to add to our ability to predict the best available cattle from their genomes, in order to increase the rate of genetic gain for economically-important traits such as milk production and growth. The work presented herein used high-depth RNAseq data, derived from RNA extracted from mammary biopsies of 411 lactating cows. Molecular phenotypes were developed, enabling the identification of candidate genes that influence lactation and body size, contributing to the improvement in accuracy of genetically informed phenotypic selection in dairy cattle. Results As a first step, I developed phenotypes for gene expression measured both from unspliced pre-mRNA and from mature mRNA, as well as splicing efficiency. These were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for intron-expression (ieQTL: n=554), exon-expression (eQTL: n=2,699), and splicing efficiency (seQTL: n=170). Further investigation linked these molecular QTL to multiple milk and body size QTL. Further studies found additional eQTL signals for lactose phenotypes at twelve loci across the genome, and identified MATN3 as a candidate causative gene for a stature QTL on chromosome 11. I also identified 2,413 RNA editing sites in 649 genes. Developing these into an additional molecular phenotype yielded editing QTL (edQTL) affecting 187 sites in 89 genes. At fifteen sites, edQTL were co-regulated with significant cis-eQTL, implying effects of editing on levels of mature mRNA transcripts for the genes containing these sites. In another study, I combined both eQTL and edQTL methodologies to investigate a complex pleiotropic region on chromosome 5, highlighting CSF2RB as the likely causative gene underlying at least some of the milk QTL present at this locus. In the final study, I conducted a study to test the phenotypic predictive ability of variants that tag eQTL compared to existing variant sets, demonstrating the possible improvement they can provide in total animal selection prediction accuracy relative to currently-used methods. Conclusions Several molecular phenotypes were developed, and numerous QTL discovered. A subset of these were co-regulated with eQTL or edQTL, highlighting potential causative genes operating via regulatory mechanisms. Tag variants for eQTL related to milk production pathways provided a potential route to improve prediction accuracy in animal breeding.
Download or read book Fine Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Health and Reproduction in US Holstein Cattle on Chromosome 18 written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continued genetic improvement for milk production has been associated with decreased fertility in US Holstein cattle. A previous study (Ashwell et al., 2004) identified a putative quantitative trait locus (QTL) affecting daughter pregnancy rate at 54 cM on chromosome 18 in one Holstein grandsire family. The goal of this research is to determine the validity of the putative QTL using additional markers and an extended pedigree. Thirteen microsatellite markers located throughout the chromosome were genotyped in 973 animals that were descendants of the original grandsire in which the QTL was identified. Sons of the grandsire as well as six grandson and six great-grandson families of the original grandsire were selected for this study (range of 16 to 169 sons per family). In analysis of the sons using QTL Express, the same putative QTL affecting daughter pregnancy rate was detected and placed at 45 cM. In a joint analysis of thirteen of the largest families, each containing 10 or more sons, a significant QTL for daughter pregnancy rate was detected at 27 cM. QTL affecting daughter pregnancy rate was detected in two additional sub-families (Family II-5 and Family III-2), indicating a putative QTL affecting daughter pregnancy rate is most likely segregating within this pedigree. Across-family analysis also detected putative QTL on chromosome 18 affecting productive life at 35 cM, somatic cell score at 33 cM and percent difficult births at 72 cM. Analysis of individual families identified eight significant putative QTL and six suggestive putative QTL at the chromosome-wise level affecting somatic cell score, productive life, calving ease, percent difficult births, milk yield, fat yield, protein yield and fat percent. A complex pedigree analysis is underway to make full use of statistical power to refine the QTL region affecting fertility. Further verification of the QTL effects identified in this study will allow identification of positional candidate genes to be applied i.
Download or read book Genetic Markers and Quantitative Traits in Dairy Cattle written by Lena Andersson-Eklund and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functional and Genetic Characterisation of Major Effect Milk Composition Variants in Dairy Cattle written by Tania Alice Fink and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine milk production and composition traits are complex quantitative phenotypes, reflecting the interplay of many environmental and genetic factors influencing mammary and lactation biology. Despite a largely quantitative architecture, genetic mapping studies have identified a handful of major effect loci in dairy cattle, each containing a large number of trait-associated sequence variants. Identifying the specific variant causally responsible at these genetic signals requires extensive experimental follow-up, where many of the genomic regions implicate present no obvious candidate mutations. The association signal is instead represented by many non-coding variants that are difficult to functionally prioritise. The aim of the research described in this thesis was to investigate four such loci segregating in NZ dairy cattle, aiming to mechanistically link causative genes and variants to the milk production and composition effects. The results of this thesis describe the identification of expression quantitative trait loci at each of the four major associated regions, providing evidence that the variants responsible exert their phenotypic influence through the modulation of mammary gene expression. Further genetic and functional experiments were conducted to elucidate the mechanism by which the implicated variants impact gene expression. Highlights of this work include the demonstration of a new mechanism of effect for the largest and most highly cited causal mutation in the bovine literature. This work also reports the discovery of major milk production effects for a mutation previously only implicated in bovine growth and stature. This thesis also reports the development and optimisation of CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome editing as a method for testing the function of regulatory variants directly. By presenting an efficient in vitro engineering approach in mammary cells, the work creates a framework to genetically isolate candidate variants, creating opportunities to study the major effect variants reported in this thesis, and investigate other as yet undefined milk composition loci. Taken together, the work presented in this thesis provides enhanced understanding of the mechanisms linking major effect genetic variants to bovine milk production and composition, and raises the profile of these and other variants as markers to incorporate in animal selection and breeding strategies.
Download or read book Detection and Utilisation of Quantitative Trait Loci in Dairy Cattle written by Richard John Spelman and published by . This book was released on 1998* with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Genetics of Sheep written by Laurie Piper and published by Cabi. This book was released on 1997 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematics and phylogeny of the sheep;Genetic aspects of domestication, common breeds and their origin; Genetics of colour and hair texture; Genetics of morphological traits and inherited disorders; Biochemical genetics; Molecular genetics of sheep; Molecular genetics of immune molecules; Genetics of disease resistance and vaccine response; Molecular biology and genetics of scrapie in sheep; Cytogenetics: physical chromosome maps; The sheep linkage map; Genetics of behaviour; Biology and genetics of reproduction; Modern reproduction technologies and transgenics; Developmental genetics; Genetic resources and conservation; Genetic improvement of wool production; Genetics of meat quality; Genetics of milk production; Genetic improvement of sheep; Standardized genetic nomenclature for sheep.
Download or read book Advances in Breeding of Dairy Cattle written by Julius Van der Werf and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Detection of Genes Affecting Milk Production Traits in Dairy Cattle written by Marina Golik and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dairy Chemistry and Biochemistry written by P. F. Fox and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-19 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the most comprehensive introductory text on the chemistry and biochemistry of milk. It provides a comprehensive description of the principal constituents of milk (water, lipids, proteins, lactose, salts, vitamins, indigenous enzymes) and of the chemical aspects of cheese and fermented milks and of various dairy processing operations. It also covers heat-induced changes in milk, the use of exogenous enzymes in dairy processing, principal physical properties of milk, bioactive compounds in milk and comparison of milk of different species. This book is designed to meet the needs of senior students and dairy scientists in general.
Download or read book Identification of Genetic Variants Influencing Milk Production Traits and Somatic Cell Score in Dairy Cattle written by Siham Abdalla Rahmatalla and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
