Download or read book Identification of QTL and Known Genes Associated with Resistance to Pre harvest Sprouting in Common Wheat written by Jiaqian Zhu and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic and Genomic Studies on Wheat Pre harvest Sprouting Resistance written by Meng Lin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), germination of physiologically matured grains in a wheat spike before harvesting, can cause significant reduction in grain yield and end-use quality. Many quantitative trait loci (QTL) for PHS resistance have been reported in different sources. To determine the genetic architecture of PHS resistance and its relationship with grain color (GC) in US hard winter wheat, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on both PHS resistance and GC was conducted using in a panel of 185 U.S. elite breeding lines and cultivars and 90K wheat SNP arrrays. PHS resistance was assessed by evaluating sprouting rates in wheat spikes harvested from both greenhouse and field experiments. Thirteen QTLs for PHS resistance were identified on 11 chromosomes in at least two experiments, and the effects of these QTLs varied among different environments. The common QTLs for PHS resistance and GC were identified on the long arms of the chromosome 3A and 3D, indicating pleiotropic effect of the two QTLs. Significant QTLs were also detected on chromosome arms 3AS and 4AL, which were not related to GC, suggesting that it is possible to improve PHS resistance in white wheat. To identify markers closely linked to the 4AL QTL, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology was used to analyze a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between two parents, "Tutoumai A" and "Siyang 936", contrasting in 4AL QTL. Several closely linked GBS SNP markers to the 4AL QTL were identified and some of them were coverted to KASP for marker-assisted breeding. To investigate effects of the two non-GC related QTLs on 3AS and 4AL, both QTLs were transferered from "Tutoumai A" and "AUS1408" into a susceptible US hard winter wheat breeding line, NW97S186, through marker-assisted backcrossing using the gene marker TaPHS1 for 3AS QTL and a tightly linked KASP marker we developed for 4AL QTL. The 3AS QTL (TaPHS1) significantly interacted with environments and genetic backgrounds, whereas 4AL QTL (TaMKK3-A) interacted with environments only. The two QTLs showed additive effects on PHS resistance, indicating pyramiding these two QTLs can increase PHS resistance. To improve breeding selection efficiency, genomic prediction using genome-wide markers and marker-based prediction (MBP) using selected trait-linked markers were conducted in the association panel. Among the four genomic prediction methods evaluated, the ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction (rrBLUP) provides the best prediction among the tested methods (rrBLUP, BayesB, BayesC and BayesC0). However, MBP using 11 significant SNPs identified in the association study provides a better prediction than genomic prediction. Therefore, for traits that are controlled by a few major QTLs, MBP may be more effective than genomic selection.
Download or read book QTL Mapping of Pre harvest Sprouting and Stripe Rust Resistance in Wheat Cultivars Danby and Tiger written by Mingqin Shao and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat yield and quality is influenced by many abiotic and biotic environmental factors. Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) occurs when physiologically matured spikes are exposed to wet field conditions before harvest, which results in seed germination and causes significant losses in yield and end-use quality. Wheat stripe rust is one of the most important biotic factors reducing grain yield and quality. To investigate the genetic basis of the resistance to PHS and stripe rust in hard white winter wheat cultivars Danby and Tiger and develop molecular markers for marker- assisted breeding, a double haploid (DH) population, derived from those two cultivars, was genotyped with simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and simple nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. This DH population was assessed for resistance to PHS and stripe rust in both greenhouse and field experiments. For PHS, one major resistant quantitative trait locus (QTL) was consistently detected on the short arm of chromosome 3A in all three experiments conducted and explained 21.6% to 41.0% of the phenotypic variation (PVE). This QTL is corresponding to a previously cloned gene, TaPHS1. A SNP in the promoter of TaPHS1 co- segregated with PHS resistance in this mapping population. Meanwhile, two other QTLs, Qphs.hwwg-3B.1 and Qphs.hwwg-5A.1, were consistently detected on the chromosome arms 3BS and 5AL in two experiments. These two QTLs showed significant additive effects with TaPHS1 in improving PHS resistance. For stripe rust, three major QTLs were consistently detected in four out of six environments for infection type (IT) or disease severity (DS). Two of them, QYr.hwwg-2AS1 and QYr.hwwg-4BL1, contributed by the Danby allele explained up to 28.4% of PVE for IT and 60.5% of PVE for DS. The third QTL, QYr.hwwg-3BS1, contributed by the Tiger allele, had PVE values up to 14.7% for IT and 22.9% for DS. QYr.hwwg-2AS1 and QYr.hwwg- 4BL1 are likely the same resistance genes reported previously on chromosome arms 2AS and 4BL. However, QYr.hwwg-3BS1 might be different from the reported gene cluster near the distal end of 3BS where Yr57, Yr4, Yr30 and Sr2 were located. Significant additive effects on reducing IT and DS were observed among these three major QTLs. In order to pyramid multiple QTLs in breeding, user-friendly Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers were successfully developed for several QTLs identified in this study. The QTLs and their interactions found in this study together with those novel flanking KASP markers developed will be useful not only for understanding genetic mechanisms of PHS and stripe rust resistance but also for marker- assisted breeding to improve wheat resistance to PHS and stripe rust by gene pyramiding.
Download or read book Genetic and Hormonal Mechanisms Controlling Grain Dormancy and Preharvest Sprouting Tolerance in White Wheat written by Shantel Amealia Martinez and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preharvest sprouting (PHS), germination of mature grain while still on the mother plant, occurs when conditions become cool and wet before harvest. The hydrolytic enzyme ?-amylase, induced during germination, mobilizes starch into simple carbohydrates to fuel seedling growth. Because this enzyme activity in flour causes poor end-use quality, sprouted grain sells at a severe discount. The falling number (FN) test measures ?-amylase activity in wheat meal or flour in the wheat industry. Seed dormancy, the inability to germinate even under favorable conditions, contributes about 60--80 % of genetic PHS tolerance. Red wheat varieties have higher seed dormancy and PHS tolerance than white. To improve white wheat, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) examined the genetic architecture of PHS tolerance in 469 soft white winter wheat accessions. Based on FN after natural or artificial rain, the GWAS identified 9 QTL (QFN.wsu), of which 4 co-localized with known PHS QTL and 3 with known FN/quality QTL. Based on visible sprout in spike-wetting tests, the GWAS identified 34 QTL (QPHS.wsu), of which 19 co-localized with known PHS loci and genes such as MOTHER OF FLOWERING TIME (TaMFT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (TaMKK3-A). PHS tolerance in white wheat can result from higher sensitivity to the seed dormancy-inducing hormone abscisic acid (ABA). Enhanced Response to ABA (ERA8 ) is a semi-dominant ABA hypersensitive mutant, resulting in increased seed dormancy and PHS tolerance in the soft white spring wheat 'Zak'. The ERA8 locus was mapped to a large region of chromosome 4A relative to mutagen-induced SNPs in a Zak/ZakERA8 backcross population using bulk segregant analysis (BSA) of exome sequence from BC 3F2:3 wild-type and mutant DNA. Fine mapping using mutagen-induced SNPs in additional backcross lines localized ERA8 to a 4.5 Mb region containing 70 predicted genes. The only mutagen-induced coding region mutation strongly linked to ERA8 (LOD 16.51) resulted in a missense mutation in MKK3-A, a gene involved in Arabidopsis ABA signaling. Natural variation in wheat and barley MKK3 was previously shown to control seed dormancy and PHS tolerance.
Download or read book Comparative Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of a Major Preharvest Sprouting QTL Interval in White Winter Wheat written by Suthasinee Somyong and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat preharvest sprouting (PHS) occurs when grain germinates on the plant before harvest, resulting in reduced grain quality. Previous mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) revealed a major PHS QTL located on chromosome 2B.1 that was significant in 16 environments and explained from 5 to 31% of the phenotypic variation. The objective of this project was to fine map the PHS QTL interval on 2B.1. For fine mapping the QTL interval, ESTs (expressed sequence tags) and comparative mapping were used to design 278 primer pairs, of which 22 produced polymorphic amplicons that mapped to the group 2 chromosomes. Fourteen mapped to chromosome 2B but only 10 were located in the QTL interval. Recombinant backcross populations (BC1F4 and BC1F5) were developed by backcrossing selected double haploids to a recurrent parent and selfing to the F4 and F5 generations. In each generation, three markers in the PHS QTL interval were used to screen for recombinants. Comparative analysis revealed good macrocollinearity between the PHS interval and a 3 million base pair (mb) region in rice chromosomes 7 and 3, and a 2.5 mb region in Brachypodium Super_0. Fine mapping revealed that the 2B.1 PHS QTL interval contained 2 PHS QTLs. The first PHS QTL, located between Wmc453c and Barc55, contributed one third of phenotypic variation and collocated with the seed dormancy QTL. The second PHS QTL, between Wmc474 and rCaPK, contributed two thirds of the variation. The PHS resistance alleles were contributed from Cayuga parent. One of the PHS Cayuga resistance alleles originated in Golden Chief, a parent of Clark's Cream. One of the candidate genes, Calmodulin/Ca2+ dependent protein kinase, linked with one PHS QTL. Although many recombinant families were identified, the lack of polymorphism for markers in the QTL interval prevented the localization of the recombination breakpoints and identification of the gene underlying the phenotype.
Download or read book Seed Dormancy Germination and Pre Harvest Sprouting written by Chengdao Li and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and late-maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) are two of the biggest grain quality defects that grain growers encounter. About 50 percent of the global wheat crop is affected by pre-harvest sprouting to various degrees. Pre-harvest sprouting is a genetically-based quality defect and results in the presence of alpha-amylase in otherwise sound mature grain. It can range from perhaps undetectable to severe damage on grain and is measured by the falling numbers or alpha-amylase activity. This is an international issue, with sprouting damage lowering the value of crops to growers, seed and grain merchants, millers, maltsters, bakers, other processors, and ultimately the consumer. As such it has attracted attention from researchers in many biological and non-biological disciplines. The 13th International Symposium on Pre-Harvest Sprouting in Cereals was held 18-20 September, 2016 in Perth to discuss current findings of grain physiology, genetic pathways, trait expression and screening methods related to pre-harvest sprouting and LMA. This event followed the previous symposium in 2012 in Canada.
Download or read book Candidate Gene Identification from the Wheat QTL 2DL for Resistance Against Fusarium Head Blight Based on Metabolo genomics Approach written by Udaykumar Kage and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal food crop cultivated around the world. Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. Apart from causing huge yield losses, FHB is also known to contaminate grains with mycotoxins that are harmful to human and animal health. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified for FHB resistance in wheat, but the mechanisms of resistance and candidate genes underlying them are still unknown. Therefore, in the present study an integrated metabolomics and genomics approach was used to identify the candidate genes and mechanisms of resistance in near-isogenic lines (NILs) of QTL-2DL. The high fold-change in abundance, resistance related (RR) metabolites, identified in rachis samples of NIL-R following pathogen inoculation were, p-coumaroylagmatine, p-coumaroylputrescine, and phosphatidic acids. The candidate gene, p-coumaroylagmatine transferase (TaACT) is associated with the biosynthesis of p-coumaroylagmatine and p-coumaroylputrescine. The diacylglycerol kinase (TaDGK) and glycerol kinase (TaGLI1) are involved in the production of phosphatidic acids. The dissection of QTL based on flanking marker sequencing led to the identification of the transcription factor TaWRKY70 within the QTL-2DL region. In-silico and manual analysis of promoter sequences of TaACT, TaDGK and TaGLI1 showed the presence of WRKY binding sites, and luciferase assay proved their physical interaction in-vivo. Further, functional validation of TaWRKY70 based on virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in NIL-R not only confirmed an increase in fungal biomass, but also a decrease in the expression of the downstream resistance genes TaACT, TaDGK and TaGLI1. This was associated with a decrease in abundance of RR metabolites biosynthesized by them, confirming the plausible FHB resistance mechanisms in rachis governed by this QTL. Similarly, in spikelet samples of NIL-R, we found high abundances of phenylpropanoids, glycerophospholipids and fatty acids. These are known to be involved in cutin and suberin biosynthesis. The genes involved in their biosynthetic pathways (TaGPAT3, TaCER5 and TaPAL) were also found in the QTL-2DL region. Transcript abundance of genes in spikelets based on qRT-PCR showed higher expression in the NIL-R compared to NIL-S, confirming the potential role of QTL-2DL in spikelet resistance. However, these genes also have to be functionally validated for further use in breeding. Among the several FHB resistance QTL identified in wheat, this is the first study to identify functional genes from the QTL and their resistance functions." --
Download or read book Genetic Analyses of Wheat and Molecular Marker Assisted Breeding Volume 1 written by Jichun Tian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book mainly describes the QTL mappings and efficacy analyses that are associated with wheat productivity, quality, physiology and various stress resistances and provides summaries of results from studies conducted both at home and abroad. It presents comparable data and analyses, helping readers to arrive at a more comprehensive understanding of the latest development in this field. The book provides a wealth of novel information, broad range of applications and in-depth findings on crop genetics and molecular breeding, making it valuable not only for plant breeders but also for academic faculties, senior researchers and advanced graduate students who are involved in plant breeding and genetics. Dr. Jichun Tian is a professor at the Department of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China.
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Seeds written by J. Derek Bewley and published by CABI. This book was released on 2006 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first scholarly reference work to cover all the major scientific themes and facets of the subject of seeds. It outlines the latest fundamental biological knowledge about seeds, together with the principles of agricultural seed processing, storage and sowing, the food and industrial uses of seeds, and the roles of seeds in history, economies and cultures. With contributions from 110 expert authors worldwide, the editors have created 560 authoritative articles, illustrated with plentiful tables, figures, black-and-white and color photographs, suggested further reading matter and 670 supplementary definitions. The contents are alphabetically arranged and cross-referenced to connect related entries.
Download or read book Comparative QTL Mapping of Hagberg Falling Number Pre harvest Sprouting and Late Maturity Alpha amylase in UI Platinum by SY Capstone Derived Population written by Jacob G. Bevan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hagberg falling number (FN) is an important quality trait in common wheat being used in grain trading business and in end-use quality due to starch damage. Measuring FN can is conducted using flour sample after grain is harvested. Therefore, assessment of FN is very expensive and affected by environments where the grains were produced. Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and late maturity Îł-Amylase (LMA) are the two main sources that cause wheat grain samples with low FN. QTL and tightly linked molecular markers for FN, PHS, and LMA is the best alternative that can be used in early generation selection and improvement of selection efficiency. The present study conducted a comparative QTL mapping for the three related traits in a doubled haploid population derived from two hard white spring wheat cultivars UI Platinum (UIP) and SY Capstone (SYC). FN data from nine trials, PHS data from eight datasets in two experiments, and LMA data from two treatment trials were used in QTL analysis. A total of sixteen QTL for FN were detected on seven chromosome regions and five of them (QFN.UIA-1B-1, QFN.UIA-2B, QFN.UIA-3B-1, QFN.UIA-5A-1, QFN.UIA-7A-1) were detected in three or more data sets, explaining 10 to 34% of phenotypic variation. Nine QTL for PHS were identified in three or more data sets on six chromosome regions, explaining 10 to 25% of phenotypic variation. QTL for LMA were identified on chromosomes 4A (UIP HFN), 5A (UIP HFN), and 7A-1 (SYC HFN). QTL on 5A was associated with all three traits and UIP contributed to higher FN, resistance to PHS and LMA. QTL on 7A-1 was associated with FN and LMA and UIP contributed to lower FN and higher PHS score. QTL on 1B-1 was associated with FN and PHS and UIP contributed to the lower FN and higher PHS score. This study suggests that the three traits may share a little genetic information in common, therefore, selecting one trait may be able to indirectly select other related traits. This study also suggests that resistant lines to FN, PHS, and LMA can be selected through genetic recombination for QTL from the two parents. Compared to the physical map of Chinese Spring, the 5A QTL is the flanking region of Amy 3 gene. This suggests that it is necessary to study the Amy 3 gene in order to understand the genetic control of the three traits assessed in the present study.
Download or read book Breeding and Evaluation Tools for Preharvest Sprouting Emergence and Environmental Stability of Falling Numbers in Bread Wheat written by Stephanie Marie Sjoberg and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat (Triticum spp.) is an economically and nutritionally important crop, providing an average 20% of the daily protein and caloric intake for most of the global population. The soft white winter wheat market class that is largely used for cookies, pastries, and cakes. Success in the export market demands excellent end-use quality and does not tolerate starch damage due to alpha-amylase enzyme activity in the grain. Two independent genetic causes of alpha-amylase accumulation in mature grain are late-maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) due to temperature fluctuations during late grain filling, and preharvest sprouting, the germination of grain on the mother plant when cool, rainy conditions occur before harvest. The wheat industry detects alpha-amylase digestion of starch using the Hagberg-Perten falling number test. It is essential to address this problem to prevent recurrent falling number losses. The objectives of this dissertation were to explore approaches to evaluate the risk of LMA and preharvest sprouting, evaluate susceptibility in existing cultivars, and finally find a good breeding strategy for this problem. Because preharvest sprouting tolerance results mainly from higher grain dormancy, it is important to strike a good balance where there is enough dormancy at maturity to reduce sprouting risk but not so much as to prevent good seedling emergence in fall-planted wheat. We identified the important genetic loci controlling seedling emergence and preharvest sprouting traits in pacific northwest breeding lines and varieties using a genomewide association mapping approach. A total of 90 markers associated with preharvest sprouting traits and 85 markers associated with seedling emergence traits were detected in these studies. Although most of these QTL were not supported across multiple environments, a few large effect QTLs were identified for potential application in the breeding program using marker-assisted selection. A genomewide selection approach was explored for use in making genetic gains for preharvest sprouting, contrasting the prediction accuracy of a basic model with one incorporating a large effect emergence QTL. We found that prediction accuracies were not significantly different between the models, suggesting it is possible to make improvements to preharvest sprouting without undermining seedling emergence, an important yield determinant.
Download or read book Identification and Validation of Genomic Regions Associated with Pre harvest Sprouting Resistance in White grained Wheat triticum Aestivum L written by Rajender Singh and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification and Validation of Genomic Regions Associated with Pre harvest Sprouting Resistance in White grained Wheat i triticum Aestivum i L written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Linkage Map Construction and Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci QTLs Determining Post anthesis Drought Tolerance and Other Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat written by Khalil Zaynali Nezhad and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) accessions were selected as parental lines. Population genotyping was conducted on 143 F2 plants and phenotyping was carried out on 133 F2:3 families. The molecular genetic linkage map was constructed including 293 loci associated to 19 wheat chromosomes. There are 76 new loci compared to the ITMI map. The analysis revealed eight QTLs for days to flowering and seven QTLs for plant height. Five QTLs for spike length were identified. The QTL for seed length on chromosome 5B was mapped for all trait measurements under both conditions. The present study revealed four and six QTLs for thousand-grain weight under control and stress conditions, respectively. Only one QTL on chromosome 4BL was common for both conditions. Five QTLs for thousand-grain weight were found to be specific to stress condition on chromosomes 1B, 4AL, 7AS, and 7DS. Identifying QTLs for thousand-grain weight under post-anthesis drought stress on chromosomes 7DS, 7AS, and 4AL and considering the known reciprocal translocation of 4AL/7BS in wheat, revealed the importance of the chromosomes from the homoeologous group 7 of Triticeae.
Download or read book QTL Mapping written by Mohamed Hassan and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many agriculturally important traits such as yield, quality and some forms of disease resistance are controlled by many genes and are known as quantitative traits (also 'polygenic' or 'complex' traits). The regions within genomes that contain genes associated with a particular quantitative trait are known as quantitative trait loci, QTLs. Identifying genetic loci contributing to variation in quantities traits is a problem of great importance to plant and animal breeders. With the recent development in molecular marker analysis, it is now feasible to analyze both the simply inherited and quantitative traits and identify individual genes controlling the traits of interest. Thus, Molecular markers could be used to tag QTLs to evaluate their contributions to the phenotype by selecting favorable alleles at these loci in a marker-aided selection scheme aiming to accelerate the selection and genetic advance. There are several reviews on mapping QTLs in experimental crosses in a wide range of crop plants. Here, the attempt is to describe principles and methodology of QTL mapping as well as its applications in wheat breeding with focus on QTLs for grain protein content (GPC) in durum wheat.
Download or read book Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Qtl for Resistance to Soil Borne Pathogens Fusarium Culmorum and Heterodera Filipjevi in Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Yvonne Alexandria Thompson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the world's staple crops essential to global food security; however, its profitable production can be threatened by soil-borne diseases. The fungus, Fusarium culmorum, and cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi, are two types of soil-borne pathogen/pest that drastically reduce yield in wheat production areas worldwide. However, few sources of plant resistance have been identified for either, making knowledge of genetic regions associated with resistance imperative. An integrated approach, requiring the use of host plant resistance, is necessary for management of these diseases. Our aim is to contribute to this integrated approach by identifying sources of resistance for applied use. We sought to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to genetic resistance against F. culmorum in diverse germplasm. A population of 600 wheat accessions was phenotyped for disease using an enhanced screening system to better separate susceptible and resistant responses. The accessions screened showed differential responses among genotypes of wheat, reflecting genetic variability under disease pressure. Genotypic data was acquired using the Illumina wheat 9K iSelect SNP chip. A Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) was conducted using the R software and FARM CPU package to evaluate marker-trait associations. Marker-trait associations at or above the Bonferroni threshold of 0.05 were identified on chromosomes 1A, 5A, and 6B. Chromosomes 5A and 6B may likely reflect novel sources of resistance. We also aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to genetic resistance against H. filipjevi in spring wheat breeding lines and cultivars adapted to the Pacific Northwest. Naturally infested soils, containing predominately H. filipjevi, were used to screen 138 wheat varieties, revealing variability in response to nematode infection. The selected germplasm was genotyped using a genotype-by-sequencing approach and marker-trait associations were evaluated using the R software and FARM CPU package. Marker-trait associations at or above the Bonferroni threshold of 0.05 were identified on chromosomes 2B, 5B, and 7B. The identified QTL for resistance should be validated and further explored for their usefulness in marker assisted breeding.
Download or read book Identification of Genetic Variation for Preharvest Sprouting Resistance and Alpha amylase Activity in Wheat to Reduce the Effects of Sprouting Damage written by Linda Kay Brown and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
