Download or read book Identification of Putative Metastasis Suppressor MicroRNA in Human Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metastases are responsible for>90% of human cancer deaths; yet, our knowledge regarding the molecular regulation of metastasis remains fragmentary. MicroRNAs are short RNAs that suppress their targets post-transcriptionally, leading to modulation of diverse biological processes. MicroRNAs are well suited to regulate metastasis due to their capacity to concomitantly inhibit numerous target genes. We have identified a microRNA, miR-31, whose levels correlated inversely with metastatic recurrence in human breast cancer patients. Expression of miR-31 in otherwise-aggressive breast tumor cells impeded metastasis. We deployed a novel microRNA sponge strategy to stably inhibit miR-31; this allowed otherwise-non-aggressive breast cancer cells to metastasize. These phenotypes were achieved via pleiotropic modulation of a cohort of clinically relevant metastasis-promoting genes, which were over represented among the>200 mRNAs predicted to be direct targets of miR-31. In fact, we discovered that miR-31-evoked concurrent regulation of three such effectors - integrin alpha5, radixin, and RhoA - was sufficient to explain this microRNA's impacts on metastasis. Together, these findings provide insights into metastasis that may prove useful in the diagnosis and/or treatment of breast cancer.
Download or read book Identification of Metastasis Suppressor Signaling Pathways in Breast Cancer written by Miao Sun and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elucidating targets of physiological metastasis suppressors can highlight key signaling pathways leading to tumor invasion and metastasis. To identify downstream targets of the metastasis suppressor Raf Kinase Inhibitory Protein (RKIP), I developed an integrated approach based on statistical analysis of tumor gene expression data combined with experimental validation. In the first part of the thesis, I utilized this approach to identify and validate two novel signaling pathways targeted by RKIP that promote HMGA2-driven metastasis in human breast cancer. RKIP induces and HMGA2 inhibits expression of miR-200b, and miR-200b directly inhibits expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX), leading to decreased invasion. RKIP also inhibits syndecan-2 (SDC2 ) via down-regulation of HMGA2, but this mechanism is independent of miR-200. Depletion of SDC2 induces apoptosis and suppresses breast tumor growth and metastasis in mouse xenografts. The RKIP/LOX/SDC2 signature is prognostic for metastasis-free survival in ER-negative breast cancer patients. To further identify critical downstream targets of HMGA2 in human breast cancer, I did gene and microRNA expression array analyses of human breast cancer cells with depleted HMGA2 expression. In the second part of the thesis, I show that TET1 and HOXA9 are important effectors of HMGA2. Depletion of HMGA2 induces TET1 expression. TET1 binds and demethylates its own promoter as well as the promoters of HOXA genes, stimulating TET1 and HOXA gene expression. Both TET1 and HOXA9 suppress breast tumor growth and metastasis in mouse xenografts, and a gene signature based upon HMGA2, TET1, and HOXA9 expression is prognostic for overall survival in breast cancer patients. These results implicate the HMGA2-TET1-HOXA9 signaling pathway in the epigenetic regulation of breast cancer and highlight the importance of targeting methylation as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Download or read book MicroRNAs in Cancer written by Cesar Lopez-Camarillo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-02-22 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MicroRNA (miRNA) biology is a cutting-edge topic in basic as well as biomedical research. This is a specialized book focusing on the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in the development, progression, invasion, and metastasis of diverse types of cancer. It also reviews their potential for applications in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and th
Download or read book Regulation of microRNAs written by Helge Großhans and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given this pervasiveness and importance of miRNA-mediated gene regulation, it should come as little surprise that miRNAs themselves are also highly regulated. However, the recent explosion of knowledge on this topic has been remarkable, providing a primary motivation for publication of this book. As miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, the enzyme that also generates mRNAs, it was perhaps not unexpected that miRNA transcription would be subject to regulation, and we have willfully mitted this aspect from this monograph. However, what has been unexpected is the extent of post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs that is illustrated in this book.
Download or read book Metronomic Chemotherapy written by Guido Bocci and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes all aspects of metronomic chemotherapy, a new approach involving low-dose, long-term, and frequently administered therapy that has preclinical and clinical activity in various tumors. After an opening section on the pharmacological bases of metronomic chemotherapy, including its antiangiogenic effects and impact on immunity, preclinical studies on various classes of drug are discussed. Clinical applications of metronomic chemotherapy in a wide variety of tumors are then addressed in detail, with description of the results of all published studies. The clinical pharmacology of metronomic chemotherapy is also considered in depth, encompassing pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenetics, pharmacoeconomics, and adverse drug reactions. The book closes by describing the role of this therapy in the veterinarian clinic.
Download or read book RNA Nanotechnology written by Bin Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-02 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past few decades there has been incredible growth in "bionano"-related research, which has been accompanied by numerous publications in this field. Although various compilations address topics related to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein, there are few books that focus on determining the structure of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and using RNA as building blocks to construct nanoarchitectures for biomedical and healthcare applications. RNA Nanotechnology is a comprehensive volume that details both the traditional approaches and the latest developments in the field of RNA-related technology. This book targets a wide audience: a broad introduction provides a solid academic background for students, researchers, and scientists who are unfamiliar with the subject, while the in-depth descriptions and discussions are useful for advanced professionals. The book opens with reviews on the basic aspects of RNA biology, computational approaches for predicting RNA structures, and traditional and emerging experimental approaches for probing RNA structures. This section is followed by explorations of the latest research and discoveries in RNA nanotechnology, including the design and construction of RNA-based nanostructures. The final segment of the book includes descriptions and discussions of the potential biological and therapeutic applications of small RNA molecules, such as small/short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), RNA aptamers, and ribozymes.
Download or read book Introduction to Cancer Metastasis written by Aamir Ahmad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Cancer Metastasis provides, in one place, an overview of organ-specific cancer metastasis and the most common sites of cancer metastasis. Through specific chapters on individual primary cancers, their metastasis, and chapters on common metastatic sites, this volume comprehensively informs readers about the broader knowledge base in cancer metastasis. The process of metastasis is particularly responsible for making cancer so lethal. This volume explores both metastasis from sites of origin and common metastatic sites, thus increasing understanding of both perspectives. Includes basic biology and translational approaches to organ-specific cancer sites Provides readers with information on emerging therapeutic targets for cancer metastasis Contains contributions from leading researchers around the globe
Download or read book MicroRNA Cancer Regulation written by Ulf Schmitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-03 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited reflects the current state of knowledge about the role of microRNAs in the formation and progression of solid tumours. The main focus lies on computational methods and applications, together with cutting edge experimental techniques that are used to approach all aspects of microRNA regulation in cancer. We are sure that the emergence of high-throughput quantitative techniques will make this integrative approach absolutely necessary in the near future. This book will be a resource for researchers starting out with cancer microRNA research, but is also intended for the experienced researcher who wants to incorporate concepts and tools from systems biology and bioinformatics into his work. Bioinformaticians and modellers are provided with a general perspective on microRNA biology in cancer, and the state-of-the-art in computational microRNA biology.
Download or read book Breast Cancer written by Phuc Van Pham and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-04-05 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast Cancer - From Biology to Medicine thoroughly examines breast cancer from basic definitions, to cellular and molecular biology, to diagnosis and treatment. This book also has some additional focus on preclinical and clinical results in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. The book begins with introduction on epidemiology and pathophysiology of breast cancer in Section 1. In Section 2, the subsequent chapters introduce molecular and cellular biology of breast cancer with some particular signaling pathways, the gene expression, as well as the gene methylation and genomic imprinting, especially the existence of breast cancer stem cells. In Section 3, some new diagnostic methods and updated therapies from surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and some complementary therapies are discussed. This book provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of breast cancer for advanced students, graduate students, and researchers as well as those working with breast cancer in a clinical setting.
Download or read book Oncogene and Cancer written by Yahwardiah Siregar and published by Inst za onkologiju i radiol. This book was released on 2013-01-24 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a course of cancer growth starting from normal cells to cancerous form and the genomic instability, the cancer treatment as well as its prevention in form of the invention of a vaccine. Some diseases are also discussed in detail, such as breast cancer, leucaemia, cervical cancer, and glioma. Understanding cancer through its molecular mechanism is needed to reduce the cancer incidence. How to treat cancer more effectively and the problems like drug resistance and metastasis are very clearly illustrated in this publication as well as some research result that could be used to treat the cancer patients in the very near future. The book was divided into six main sections: 1. HER2 Carcinogenesis: Etiology, Treatment and Prevention; 2. DNA Repair Mechanism and Cancer; 3. New Approach to Cancer Mechanism; 4. New Role of Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes; 5. Non Coding RNA and Micro RNA in Tumorigenesis; 6. Oncogenes for Transcription Factors
Download or read book Growth Factors and Their Receptors in Cell Differentiation Cancer and Cancer Therapy written by G V Sherbet and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-14 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation G.V. Sherbet provides insights into the signalling processes involved in morphogenesis and pathogenesis with emphasis on using the elements of the signalling cascades as targets for therapeutic deployment. The book focuses on the relationships and convergence of growth factors and their receptors in development and pathogenesis.
Download or read book A Concise Review of Molecular Pathology of Breast Cancer written by Mehmet Gunduz and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-03-25 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in most countries and its consequences result in huge economic, social and psychological burden. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer type and the leading cause of cancer death among females. In this book, we discussed gene expression and DNA abnormalities including methylation in breast cancer. A recent important topic, roles of miRNAs and their potential use in cancer therapy have been discussed in this cancer type as well. Bioinformatics is very important part of recent human genome developments and data mining and thus this topic has also been added for the readers. It is hoped that this book will contribute to development of novel diagnostic as well as therapeutic approaches, which lead to cure of breast cancer.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Genetic Pathology written by Liang Cheng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-05 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Genetic Pathology, Second Edition presents up-to-date material containing fundamental information relevant to the clinical practice of molecular genetic pathology. Fully updated in each area and expanded to include identification of new infectious agents (H1N1), new diagnostic biomarkers and biomarkers for targeted cancer therapy. This edition is also expanded to include the many new technologies that have become available in the past few years such as microarray (AmpliChip) and high throughput deep sequencing, which will certainly change the clinical practice of molecular genetic pathology. Part I examines the clinical aspects of molecular biology and technology, genomics. Poharmacogenomics and proteomics, while Part II covers the clinically relevant information of medical genetics, hematology, transfusion medicine, oncology, and forensic pathology. Supplemented with many useful figures and presented in a helpful bullet-point format, Molecular Genetic Pathology, Second Edition provides a unique reference for practicing pathologists, oncologists, internists, and medical genetisists. Furthermore, a book with concise overview of the field and highlights of clinical applications will certainly help those trainees, including pathology residents, genetics residents, molecular pathology fellows, internists, hematology/oncology fellows, and medical technologists in preparing for their board examination/certification.
Download or read book MicroRNAs written by Krishnarao Appasani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-20 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are RNA molecules, conserved by evolution, that regulate gene expressions and their recent discovery is revolutionising both basic biomedical research and drug discovery. Expression levels of MiRNAs have been found to vary between tissues and with developmental stages and hence evaluation of the global expression of miRNAs potentially provides opportunities to identify regulatory points for many different biological processes. This wide-ranging reference work, written by leading experts from both academia and industry, will be an invaluable resource for all those wishing to use miRNA techniques in their own research, from graduate students, post-docs and researchers in academia to those working in R&D in biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies who need to understand this emerging technology. From the discovery of miRNAs and their functions to their detection and role in disease biology, this volume uniquely integrates the basic science with industry application towards drug validation, diagnostic and therapeutic development. Forewords by: Sidney Altman, Yale University, Winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1989 and Victor R. Ambros, Dartmouth Medical School, Co-discoverer of MicroRNAs
Download or read book AACR 2018 Proceedings Abstracts 3028 5930 written by American Association for Cancer Research and published by CTI Meeting Technology. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 2995 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cancer Drug Resistance written by Jose Rueff and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume discusses the latest advancements and technologies used in cancer drug resistance research. Cancer Drug Resistance: Overviews and Methods contains chapters that cover topics such as: studying the mechanics of resistance to DNA damaging therapeutic drugs; studies to delineate the role of efflux transporters; expression of drug transporters; resistance to targeted therapies in breast cancer; the role of microRNAs in current pancreatic cancer treatment; and cancer exosomes as mediators of drug resistance or clinical and molecular methods in drug development and the use of bioinformatics in the management of cancer drug resistance data. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include overviews of the main issues in cancer drug resistance and the respective mechanisms, as well as introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Cancer Drug Resistance: Overviews and Methods, is a valuable resource to researchers, oncobiologists and clinical oncologists or anyone else who is interested in the study of cancer and its drug resistances.
