Download or read book Identification of Prostate Cancer Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Stratification of Disease written by Ammara Muazzam and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Circulating Biomarkers In Prostate Cancer written by Yafeng Ma and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-02-27 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the era of precision oncology, liquid biopsy techniques, specifically the use of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and extracellular vesicles particularly exosomes, represent a paradigm shift in the conventional use of tissue based biomarkers. Compared to tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy is cost-effective, readily accessible and less invasive, minimizing the bias of sampling and offering the opportunity for serial monitoring. Circulating biomarkers detected in liquid biopsy (blood and urine, etc.) are helping in understanding cancer genomic landscape and evolution, thus have been largely studied in term of cancer screening, risk stratification and early detection of minimal residual disease. Castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPCs) are the late stage of prostate cancers. With significant progress towards the treatment of CRPCs, for example, androgen receptor-signalling (ARS) targeted therapy and immunotherapy, there is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers to improve the survival rate and prognosis of CRPCs. The study of such biomarkers associated signal pathways and immune status has become a major focus in research to help understanding the responses to drug resistance and ineffective treatments. The discovery of these biomarkers in selecting potentially responsive patients will improve outcomes, and reduce treatment costs and, most importantly, significantly improve patient’s quality of life.
Download or read book Early Detection of Prostate Cancer An Issue of Urologic Clinics written by Stacy Loeb and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-05-28 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PSA screening remains highly controversial due to several important disadvantages. More PSA is produced with prostatic enlargement and in other benign conditions such as urinary tract infections. False positive tests can then lead to unnecessary diagnostic workup with invasive prostate biopsy. Another major problem with screening programs in general is overdiagnosis of cancers that would not have caused harm during the patient's lifetime. For example, many prostate cancers have a relatively indolent behavior so may not require diagnosis or treatment in a patient with limited life expectancy. All forms of prostate cancer treatment have potential urinary and sexual side effects, so reducing overdiagnosis and overtreatment are critical public health issues. Because screening has many proven benefits but also significant harms, there are widely disparate guidelines on prostate cancer screening from major organizations worldwide. This issue of the Urologic Clinics will provide insights into the many different prostate cancer guidelines and related policy issues.
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Screening written by Donna Pauler Ankerst and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-24 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than one in six men will develop prostate cancer in their lifetime. In recent years there has been an explosion of information regarding PSA screening and biomarkers for the disease. In Prostate Cancer Screening, Second Edition, the world’s leading experts on prostate cancer detection update the first edition with the latest findings. The book incorporates a series of thoughtful and cutting-edge works from the world’s experts in prostate cancer screening, ranging from the current status quo of prostate cancer screening across the globe to consensus on optimal utilization of the traditional PSA and DRE tests, to cutting-edge research in new biomarkers, biomeasures, and extended risk algorithms for prostate cancer. An additional chapter covers family-based linkage analysis as well as possible pitfalls in prostate cancer biomarker evaluation studies. Timely and authoritative, Prostate Cancer Screening, Second Edition, is an essential text for urologists, oncologists and family physicians, as well as researchers in the biomarker industry who seek methods to better develop and support markers and measures of prostate cancer.
Download or read book Identification of Genomic Biomarkers for Improving Risk Stratification of Low and Intermediate risk Prostate Cancer Patients written by Walead Ebrahimizadeh and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Currently, the treatment decisions are solely based on clinicopathological features, which are not adequately powered to distinguish indolent from aggressive disease. Thus, there is a need for clinically applicable biomarkers that could aid the decision-making process, especially in low- and intermediate-risk patients, who show heterogeneity in clinical outcome. DNA copy number alteration (CNA) signatures can predict biochemical recurrence (BCR). Thus, we hypothesize that CNAs relevant to aggressive PCa can be retrieved from the primary tumors and be used to predict risk of BCR. Since current methods do not have the multiplexing capability to assess CNA signatures or are not compatible with low-quantity and quality of DNA obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) biopsy samples, we aim to develop an assay that can evaluate several clinically relevant CNA in FFPE PCa tissues. We thus developed an assay using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and rigorously validate and optimize it for CNA detection in PCa tumors, showing the average accuracy of 90% compared to fluorescent in situ hybridization and 97% compared to droplet digital TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We used our developed MLPA assay to profile the CNAs of 433 low- and intermediate-risk PCa patients. A CNA classifier capable of predicting BCR independent of clinicopathological features was developed. The prognostic value of our CNA-classifier was further validated in additional 541 low- and intermediate-risk PCa patients from four published datasets, including a biopsy dataset. Our CNA classifier was able to further stratify these low- and intermediate-risk patients into favorable and unfavorable outcome groups in Kaplan-Meier analysis. We further improved the prognostic efficacy of this CNA-classifier by including clinicopathological features. The CNA-clinical classifiers showed improved risk stratification and prognostic efficacy over the standard clinical model in all tested datasets and showed higher 3-years and 5-years area under the curve (AUC) compared to the standard clinical model. Our novel assay is inexpensive, high-throughput, highly reproducible and can accurately predict the risk of BCR and showing potential to improve the clinical management of patients with low- and intermediate-risk PCa by providing more accurate prognosis at the time of diagnosis"--
Download or read book Biomarkers in Urology An Issue of Urologic Clinics E Book written by Adam Feldman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2022-11-24 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue of Urologic Clinics of North America, guest editor Dr. Adam Feldman brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Biomarkers in Urology. The use of biomarkers in clinical practice can range from screening, to refined detection in an at-risk population, to risk stratification following diagnosis, to prognostication following therapy. A better understanding of tumor biology and genetic heterogeneity will lead clinicians to adopt clinical paradigms that utilize sequences of biomarker assessments. In this issue, key experts help you remain at the forefront of the care of urologic malignancies by providing a timely update on emerging biomarkers in urology. Contains 15 practice-oriented topics including biomarkers in pediatric urology; unleashing the urinary microbiome in benign urologic disease; biomarkers for detection and assessment of clinically significant prostate cancer; biomarkers in testicular cancer: classic tumor markers and beyond; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on biomarkers in urology, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
Download or read book Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer written by Tanya Stoyanova and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its discovery, elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been the measurement to indicate possibility of prostate cancer, as well as biochemical recurrence following treatment. Although PSA has led to decrease in prostate cancer,Äìrelated mortalities, PSA is a nonspecific prostate cancer biomarker reflective of other prostate-related conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), resulting in a high false-positive rate. This has led to overtreatment of men with clinically insignificant disease. While most prostate cancer patients have slowly progressive disease and should be treated conservatively, roughly 10% of patients will progress to have metastatic disease, of which the majority of prostate cancer deaths can be attributed. Stratifying these patients based on prognosis so that they may benefit from aggressive treatment is critical to their survival. Biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis and subsequent prognostic screening have significantly advanced this field. Here, we review some of the current blood, tissue, and urine biomarker tools used to measure an array of molecules including DNA, RNA, protein, or even epigenetic modifications. Utilizing the technologies described here, as well as looking to the future, correct early identification of prostate cancer with powerful prognostic value is much closer than ever before.
Download or read book Identifying Early Diagnosis Markers of Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The successful treatment of prostate cancer requires detection of the disease at early stages. Currently the early diagnosis of prostate cancer largely depends on the detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in circulation. However, PSA can only precisely detect 40% of prostate cancer and is not specific for the occurrence of prostate cancer. We reasoned that the success and accuracy in early diagnosis of prostate cancer may be significantly improved if a panel of prostate cancer-specific markers can be identified and used in combination for detecting early stage of prostate cancer. In the first year of the funding period, we constructed cDNA library in our pTRAP1 retroviral plasmid using RNA isolated from human prostate tumor samples. In the second year, we generated human prostate tumor cDNA library in which the signal peptides are enriched. In the third year of this funding, we screened our generated prostrate tumor library and identified 10 either secreted or cell surface proteins overexpressed in prostrate tumors. Currently, we are in the process to validate our findings and hope using these proteins as early diagnosis biomarkers for prostate cancer.
Download or read book Biomarkers in Urology an Issue of Urologic Clinics written by Adam Feldman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue of Urologic Clinics of North America, guest editor Dr. Adam Feldman brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Biomarkers in Urology. The use of biomarkers in clinical practice can range from screening, to refined detection in an at-risk population, to risk stratification following diagnosis, to prognostication following therapy. A better understanding of tumor biology and genetic heterogeneity will lead clinicians to adopt clinical paradigms that utilize sequences of biomarker assessments. In this issue, key experts help you remain at the forefront of the care of urologic malignancies by providing a timely update on emerging biomarkers in urology. Contains 15 practice-oriented topics including biomarkers in pediatric urology; unleashing the urinary microbiome in benign urologic disease; biomarkers for detection and assessment of clinically significant prostate cancer; biomarkers in testicular cancer: classic tumor markers and beyond; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on biomarkers in urology, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
Download or read book Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate written by Andrew W. Bruce and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carcinoma of the prostate increasingly dominates the attention of urologists for both scientific and clinical reasons. The search for an explanation and the prediction of the variable behaviour of the malignant prostatic cell continues unabated. The search for more precise tumour staging and more effective treatment is equally vigorous. Editors Andrew Bruce and John Trachtenberg have assembled acknowledged leaders in prostate cancer to present those areas of direct interest to the clinician. There are a number of other topics that might have been considered but most of these, such as experimental tumour models or biochemical factors affecting cell growth, still lack immediate application for the clinician. Carcinoma of the prostate continues to have its highest incidence in the western world, and the difference in comparison with the incidence in the Far East appears to be real and not masked by diagnostic or other factors. A number of other epidemiological aspects need careful analysis: Is the incidence increasing? Is the survival improving? Is the prognosis worse in the younger patient? Epidemiological data are easily misused and misinterpreted so that a precise analysis of the known facts makes an important opening chapter to this book.
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Prostate Cancer Associated Protein Biomarkers Using High Throughput Mass Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer (PCa) remains to be the most common non-skin cancer in the US. Currently available screening tests for PCa including prostate specific antigen (PSA) test, digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate biopsy, call for more accurate and non-invasive techniques to detect, diagnose, and stratify the disease based on molecular markers present in the body fluids. Using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry protein fingerprint profiling, we generated decision tree algorithms to classify cancer from non-cancer. We have also devised strategies to isolate and identify protein biomarkers from the fingerprint profiles of PCa patients in the clinical gray-area where PSA fails to detect cancer. Identification of such cancer biomarkers will assist in development of better non-invasive diagnostic tools for prostate cancer and may also lead to better therapeutic targets.
Download or read book Role of Biomarkers in Medicine written by Mu Wang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-08-17 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of biomarkers in basic and clinical research has become routine in many areas of medicine. They are accepted as molecular signatures that have been well characterized and repeatedly shown to be capable of predicting relevant disease states or clinical outcomes. In Role of Biomarkers in Medicine, expert researchers in their individual field have reviewed many biomarkers or potential biomarkers in various types of diseases. The topics address numerous aspects of medicine, demonstrating the current conceptual status of biomarkers as clinical tools and as surrogate endpoints in clinical research. This book highlights the current state of biomarkers and will aid scientists and clinicians to develop better and more specific biomarkers for disease management.
Download or read book Identification of New Urine Biomarkers for the Detection of Prostate Cancer written by Marina Rigau Resina and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cell Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer written by Heide Schatten and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology of prostate cancer, as well as novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation and genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis and progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to prostate cancer. Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer is one of two companion books comprehensively addressing the biology and clinical aspects of prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Stategies, the companion volume, discusses both classic and the most recent imaging approaches including analysis of needle biopsies, applications of nanoparticle probes and peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Taken together, these volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.
Download or read book Diagnosis and risk stratification of prostate cancer with biomarkers and MRI written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification and Evaluation of Molecular Biomarkers in Urine for the Detection of Prostate Cancer written by Tamara Sequeiros Fontán and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Prevention written by Jack Cuzick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-15 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer is by far the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of death due to cancer. It comprises a mixed group of tumours displaying varying clinical behaviour: while some have a very aggressive course, others are rather indolent. Prevention of prostate cancer and discrimination between aggressive and indolent forms are important clinical goals and the acquisition of significant new evidence on means of achieving these aims makes this book particularly timely. A wide range of topics are covered by leading authorities in the field. The biology and natural history of prostate cancer are reviewed and the role of lifestyle and dietary factors, assessed. Detailed attention is paid to risk prediction biomarkers and to the role of novel high-throughput nucleic acid-based technologies in improving risk prediction and thereby allowing tailored approaches to cancer prevention. Potential means of chemoprevention of prostate cancer are also reviewed in depth, covering the very positive new data on the impact of aspirin as well as evidence regarding 5α-reductase inhibitors, DFMO and lycopene. Guidance is provided on the differentiation of aggressive from indolent disease and the policy and research implications of recent findings are examined. This book will be of interest to both clinicians and researchers.
