Download or read book Identification of Novel Prostate Cancer Causitive Gene Mutations by Representational Difference Analysis of Microdissected Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue from 23 radical prostatectomy operations has been procured. Microdissection of normal and cancer cells have been done for 2 specimens. Representational difference analysis has been completed on one sample yielding subtraction products which have been cloned and sequenced. Subsequent analysis showed that none of these products were from areas of homozygous deletion from the original tumor specimen. It was suspected that the published RDA protocol was not working properly. A control RDA with "spiked" target DNA sequences confirmed this. Using the same control DNA we have optimized the RDA protocol. The optimized protocol has been applied to two cases of primary prostate cancer, and the subtraction products are currently being analyzed. We have extended one of the stated goals of this project and will attempt to perform RDA on both RNA and DNA samples of primary prostate cancers. In this we can assay for transcriptional as well as genetic changes during prostate tumor progression. Towards this end, we have optimized an RNA extraction procedure from microdissected cells. We show that from as little as 2500 cells obtained from primary human tissue using laser capture microdissection we can isolate high molecular weight RNA suitable for this analysis.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Prostate Causitive Gene Mutations by Representational Difference Analysis of Microdissected Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Representational difference analysis (RDA) was attempted on microdissected samples of human prostate cancer to identify areas of genomic homozygous deletion. Difference products were not reliably obtained with this procedure starting from DNA obtained from 5000 cells. When difference products were obtained, subsequent analysis showed that none corresponded to areas of homozygous deletion. To pursue an alternative strategy, oligonucleotide microarray analysis to identify genes that are down-regulated in malignant prostate tissue, procedures were evaluated that would allow the implementation of microarray analysis to microdissected prostate tissue samples. It was determined that approximately 10,000 cells is a reasonable compromise between the need to maximize input material and the time required to perform microdissection. Several amplification protocols and procedures were evaluated for efficacy of amplification and quality of oligonucleotide hybridization results. A working protocol is presented that will amplify mRNA from 10,000 cells to 70 ug after 2 rounds of amplification.
Download or read book Isolation of Novel Prostate Cancer Tumor Suppressor Genes in African American and Caucasian Men Thru Laser Microdissection and Representation Difference Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant progress has been made for all three specific aims. Specific Aim 1: Obtaining metastatic prostate cancer DNA of quality sufficient for Representational Difference Analysis (RDA), has been achieved using alternate means. Specific Aim 2: Employ RDA to identify DNA regions which have been homozygously deleted, has been achieved with identification of a novel region of homozygous deletion on chromosome 12p (Cancer Research, 58, 5652-5655, 1998). Specific Aim 3: To prioritize regions of homozygous deletion based on frequency of deletion of this region in metastatic tumors, and to identify candidate genes within these regions, has been achieved, with previously unidentified deletion of the identified chromosome 12p region in 50% of metastatic prostate cancers studied (Genes, Chromosomes, and Cancer 25:270-276, 1999) . Examination of genes within this region suggests that p27 or TEL to be likely candidates. These results validate this approach and additional studies are underway to identify additional genomic regions of interest in metastatic prostate cancer.
Download or read book Isolation of Novel Prostate Cancer Tumor Suppressor Genes in African American and Caucasian Men Thru Laser Microdissection and Representational Difference Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We used RDA to identify homozygously deleted DNA clones within metastatic prostate cancer xenograft DNA, and found that all of the homozygously deleted clones mapped to a single region of chromosome 12p. We confirmed that the metastatic lesions from this patient also contained this homozygous deletion, and then analyzed this region in a series of 41 metastatic tumors from 19 patients, where we found that 50% of patients' tumors show loss. This 12p deletion occurs with similar frequency in caucasians and african-americans based on our small sample. We mapped this genomic region, and found that two previously identified potential candidate genes ETV(tel) and CDKN1B(p27) are located there. Analysis of these genes has revealed no sequence changes consistent with an important tumor suppressor role. Extensive analysis of p27 for possible mutational or methylation changes was negative. Major observations from our work include the finding of a homozygous deletion on chromosome 12p in metastatic prostate cancer, considered to be a major indicator that an important gene is nearby on chromosome 12p. Further analysis of this region revealed unexpected high degree of allelic loss in this region. Specific genes in the region were analyzed, and p27 appears to be the likely target, inactivated by loss of one copy. Further analysis was curtailed due to lack of funding.
Download or read book Identification of Therapeutic Targets and Novel Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer written by Shashwat Sharad and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-08 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Genetics Changing the Paradigm of Care An Issue of Urologic Clinics E Book written by Leonard G. Gomella and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue of Urologic Clinics, guest editors Leonard G. Gomella and Veda Giri bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Prostate Cancer Genetics: Changing the Paradigm of Care. Provides in-depth, clinical reviews on Prostate Cancer Genetics, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field; Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Secreted Molecules of Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have developed an approach to isolate new tumor markers of prostate cancer. In order to identify genes encoding secreted protein, we have modified the signal sequence trap technique, using the SUC 2 gene encoding a secreted protein of yeast. Only the yeast which have been transformed with cDNAs containing secretory signal sequences can grow into colonies on the plates which contain sucrose as the only source of sugar. Early difficulties identifying positive clones with our initial vector system were problematic; we obtained a new vector system to reduce the possibility of enzymatically inactive fusion invertase and enhance the sensitivity of this signal trap system which allowed us to obtain positive clones. We successfully constructed and subtracted a prostate specific cDNA library. We will continue to pursue the selection of positive clones, make RNA dot blots from various tissues to establish tissue specificity of the cDNA and perform homology searches to determine if we have found a novel gene. Unique genes will be cloned into a GST vector and fusion proteins will be made and used to make antibody against the protein. Serum sample assays will be developed from antibodies that identify prostate specific genes. Additionally, structure/function analysis and sense and antisense expression vectors will be employed to elucidate further the function of these genes.
Download or read book Prostate Cancer written by Leland W.K. Chung and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-12-15 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book embraces the wide field of prostate cancer genetics, biology, and therapy. It seems most appropriate to dedicate it to Donald S. Coffey, PhD, whose research vision is an inspiration to his colleagues and friends. Unraveling the secrets of prostate cancer is an intricate and sometimes frustrating process involving many researchers and many institutions. No one has seen through to the end of this road, and the list of researchers who have contributed to our understanding of the disease processes of prostate cancer is already a long one. But Donald Coffey stands out in his personal qualities as surely as in his roles as teacher and researcher. In the dedicatory article that begins this volume, Dr. Ward has spoken for all of us about Don Coffey's unique determination to build the road to defeat prostate cancer. This book is divided into three sections: Cancer Genetics, Cancer Biology, and Cancer Therapeutics. These sections, like the skill and knowledge of the contributors, overlap in many dimensions. The divisions between sections are somewhat arbitrary and have been made expressly for the convenience of the reader. The reader will find chapters in each section that illuminate aspects ofthe genetics, biology, and therapy of prostate cancer. Nothing better illustrates the breadth of the research being conducted today by these distinguished groups, who truly understand and appreciate the power of multi disciplinary and translational approaches to deciphering the intricacy of the object of this research.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Prognostic Genetic Marker in Prostate Cancer written by Jeremy Squire and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer (PCa) has become the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in North America. A critical issue in the management of PCa has been the lack of DNA-based markers for early detection and subsequent cure, before the disease can disseminate and become life-threatening. Our research premise is that analysis of chromosomal alterations in PCa, when correlated with clinical parameters, will provide a better understanding of the disease initiation and progression. FISH analyses of HPIN samples showed that the overall level of numeric chromosomal abnormalities, especially of chromosome 8, increased in patients that subsequently progressed to carcinoma. The presence of p53 mutation in HPIN was associated with the presence of CIN as determined by FISH. SKY analyses of PCa cell lines identified a consistent pattern of CIN underlying tumorigenesis with recurrent submicroscopic deletions occurring on chromosome 8p. In addition, CGH analyses of microdissected DOP-PCR amplified PCa foci demonstrated a more complete repertoire of aberrations as well as a better phenotype-genotype correlation. Presently, we are developing a high-resolution microarray CGH approach to focus on gene dosage changes on chromosome 8. Together, these results will aid in tumor suppressor gene(s) discovery that will eventually be used as prognostic markers of PCa progression.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Prognostic Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer written by Jeremy A. Squire and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our progress on prostate cancer (PCa) to date has centered on the application of spectral karyotyping (SKY) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to study consistent chromosomal changes. This work has resulted in three manuscripts (Appendices 1-3). We are now focusing on different cellular mechanisms that could lead to chromosomal aberration and consequent alterations of gene expression. To study early changes in the tumorigenic process, we have analyzed high-grade prostrate intraepithelial neoplasia (HPIN) using interphase flrorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Our results suggest that the overall incidence of numerical abnormalities of chromosomes 7, 8 and 10 are more common in HPIN from patients who later showed carcinoma in a subsequent follow-up biopsy. Our recent results suggest that chromosomal instability (CIN) is a feature of Pca and that HPIN foci that progress to and/or are situated adjacent to carcinoma foci are more likely to express CIN than benign HPIN. To further study such early changes using molecular approaches we have developed degenerate oligonucleotide primed DOP-PCR methodologies to allow us to apply CGH methods using DNA microdissected from small foci of tumor or from PIN lesions at the time cancer arises in PCa patients. In parallel we are now studying alterations to gene expression and gene copy number in PCa using the most up-to-date CGH microarray methods.
Download or read book Medical Genetics of Prostate Cancer written by Garden Grove Garden Grove Press and published by . This book was released on 2017-04-02 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article collection reviews the medical genetics of prostate cancer and includes 25 papers by various authors. Topics include: Men's values-based factors on prostate cancer risk genetic testing: A telephone survey; Pubertal development and prostate cancer risk: Mendelian randomization study in a population-based cohort; Interest in genomic SNP testing for prostate cancer risk: a pilot survey; A genome-wide association study of breast and prostate cancer in the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study; Current challenges in prostate cancer: an interview with Prostate Cancer UK; Genetic and genomic analysis modeling of germline c-MYC overexpression and cancer susceptibility; Founder mutations in BRCA1/2 are not frequent in Canadian Ashkenazi Jewish men with prostate cancer; The relationship between obesity and prostate cancer: from genetics to disease treatment and prevention; Addressing the contribution of previously described genetic and epidemiological risk factors associated with increased prostate cancer risk and aggressive disease within men from South Africa; Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with the risk of prostate cancer in the Han population of Southern China; The need for a personalized approach for prostate cancer management; Single nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes as risk factors associated to prostate cancer progression; Personalized prostate cancer screening among men with high risk genetic predisposition- study protocol for a prospective cohort study; New insights on the association between the prostate cancer and the small DNA tumour virus, BK polyomavirus; Effect of the CCND1 A870G polymorphism on prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 3,820 cases and 3,825 controls; Patient and provider attitudes toward genomic testing for prostate cancer susceptibility: a mixed method study; Novel associations of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B gene variants with prostate cancer risk in a multiethnic study; The impact of genetic variants in inflammatory-related genes on prostate cancer risk among men of African Descent: a case control study; Genome scan study of prostate cancer in Arabs: identification of three genomic regions with multiple prostate cancer susceptibility loci in Tunisians; Early results of prostate cancer radiation therapy: an analysis with emphasis on research strategies to improve treatment delivery and outcomes; Nutrition, dietary interventions and prostate cancer: the latest evidence; Tumor-associated copy number changes in the circulation of patients with prostate cancer identified through whole-genome sequencing; Role of vitamin D receptor gene Cdx2 and Apa1 polymorphisms in prostate cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis; Circulating tumor cells capture disease evolution in advanced prostate cancer; Identifying significant genetic regulatory networks in the prostate cancer from microarray data based on transcription factor analysis and conditional independency. Proceeds from the sale of this book go to the support of an elderly disabled person.
Download or read book A Genomic Approach to Identifying Novel Targets for Early Detection and Intervention of Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early detection and intervention is key to a favorable prognosis in prostate cancer. Despite advances in the detection and treatment of prostate cancer, the mortality rate remains high. To improve survival, early detection and treatment strategies tailored to pre-invasive prostate cancer are required. We propose to catalog genetic alterations associated with the developmental stages of disease for use as diagnostic tools and to identify the critical genes that drive the transformation of premalignant lesions to tumors for use as molecular targets for novel treatment design. The combination of laser capture microdissection (efficient isolation of specific cell types form hundreds of specimens) and SMAL DNA fingerprinting technology (high-through put analysis of genomic targets using minute quantities of DNA yielded form the microdissected cells) will facilitate systematic comparison of samples in various stages of disease development. By the end of this work, we will have identified a set of genetic loci (and genes) by virtues of their frequency of alteration in premalignant lesions and subsequent in low-grade tumors. We will have established a publicly accessible "genetic alterations in prostate cancer database which catalogs somatic changes present in the various stages of cancer progression. Such information contribute to the fundamental understanding of prostate cancer pathogenesis.
Download or read book Gene Expression Analysis in Prostate Cancer written by Helen Anne Louise Tuppen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recueil sur Wings de Arthur Kopit written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Clinic and Functional Analysis of P73R1 Mutations in Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DNA damage-signaling pathway has been implicated in the development of prostate cancer since germline mutations in several genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, and CHEK2) whose products are involved in this pathway have been associated with increased risk for this cancer. We previously isolated a novel p73 up-regulated gene (p73R1) and identified p73R1 mutations in prostate cancer. In this report, we screened 856 unselected prostate cancer specimens and detected a frequency of 2.6% (221856) truncation mutations in prostate cancers in contrast to 0.6% (21327) in 327 population-based controls (Fishers exact test, P = 0.036), with an odds ratio of 4.3 (95% confidence interval 1.2 - 21.2). In addition, we also demonstrated that mutant p73R1 was unable to induce apoptosis and suppress cell growth in HeLa and Cos7 cells. The loss of function mutation in p73R1 is due to the inability of the mutant to induce cytochrome c release from mitochondria. These results suggest that loss of function mutations in p73R1 predispose men to prostate cancer and further support the concept that the genetic defects in the DNA damage-response genes play an important role in the development of prostate cancer.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Oncogenes in Carcinoma of the Prostate written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cell line termed RK3E provides a novel approach to identification and functional analysis of carcinoma-derived transforming oncogenes. Derived by immortalization of primary rat kidney cells, RK3E exhibit multiple properties of epithelia and specifically detect the transforming activity a small subset of all oncogenes, including c-MYC, RAS, (beta)-catenin, and the zinc finger proteins GLI and GKLF. Strikingly, the conventional host for oncogene isolation, NIH3T3 cells, detects the activity of just one of these carcinoma-relevant oncogenes, the G protein RAS. GKLF was recently identified as a novel RK3E transforming oncogene and was found to be expressed at elevated levels in dysplastic epithelium in vivo. These results suggest that carcinoma types for which oncogenes are poorly characterized can be rapidly assessed for novel transforming oncogenes, and that such genes are likely to be relevant to tumor progression in vivo. For analysis of oncogenes expressed in prostate cancer, we have purified polyA+ mRNA and begun preparation of cDNA libraries.
Download or read book Prontuario en que se han reunido las obligaciones de soldado cabo y sargento para la instruccion de la Compa ias de Muchachos establecidas en los Regimiento de Infanteria del Exercito written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
