Download or read book Identification of Novel Prognostic Genetic Marker in Prostate Cancer written by Jeremy Squire and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer (PCa) has become the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in North America. A critical issue in the management of PCa has been the lack of DNA-based markers for early detection and subsequent cure, before the disease can disseminate and become life-threatening. Our research premise is that analysis of chromosomal alterations in PCa, when correlated with clinical parameters, will provide a better understanding of the disease initiation and progression. FISH analyses of HPIN samples showed that the overall level of numeric chromosomal abnormalities, especially of chromosome 8, increased in patients that subsequently progressed to carcinoma. The presence of p53 mutation in HPIN was associated with the presence of CIN as determined by FISH. SKY analyses of PCa cell lines identified a consistent pattern of CIN underlying tumorigenesis with recurrent submicroscopic deletions occurring on chromosome 8p. In addition, CGH analyses of microdissected DOP-PCR amplified PCa foci demonstrated a more complete repertoire of aberrations as well as a better phenotype-genotype correlation. Presently, we are developing a high-resolution microarray CGH approach to focus on gene dosage changes on chromosome 8. Together, these results will aid in tumor suppressor gene(s) discovery that will eventually be used as prognostic markers of PCa progression.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Prognostic Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer written by Jeremy A. Squire and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our progress on prostate cancer (PCa) to date has centered on the application of spectral karyotyping (SKY) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to study consistent chromosomal changes. This work has resulted in three manuscripts (Appendices 1-3). We are now focusing on different cellular mechanisms that could lead to chromosomal aberration and consequent alterations of gene expression. To study early changes in the tumorigenic process, we have analyzed high-grade prostrate intraepithelial neoplasia (HPIN) using interphase flrorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Our results suggest that the overall incidence of numerical abnormalities of chromosomes 7, 8 and 10 are more common in HPIN from patients who later showed carcinoma in a subsequent follow-up biopsy. Our recent results suggest that chromosomal instability (CIN) is a feature of Pca and that HPIN foci that progress to and/or are situated adjacent to carcinoma foci are more likely to express CIN than benign HPIN. To further study such early changes using molecular approaches we have developed degenerate oligonucleotide primed DOP-PCR methodologies to allow us to apply CGH methods using DNA microdissected from small foci of tumor or from PIN lesions at the time cancer arises in PCa patients. In parallel we are now studying alterations to gene expression and gene copy number in PCa using the most up-to-date CGH microarray methods.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Genetic and Prognostic Markers in Hereditary and Sporadic Cancer written by Salvatore Piscuoglio and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Novel Secreted Molecules of Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have developed an approach to isolate new tumor markers of prostate cancer. In order to identify genes encoding secreted protein, we have modified the signal sequence trap technique, using the SUC 2 gene encoding a secreted protein of yeast. Only the yeast which have been transformed with cDNAs containing secretory signal sequences can grow into colonies on the plates which contain sucrose as the only source of sugar. Early difficulties identifying positive clones with our initial vector system were problematic; we obtained a new vector system to reduce the possibility of enzymatically inactive fusion invertase and enhance the sensitivity of this signal trap system which allowed us to obtain positive clones. We successfully constructed and subtracted a prostate specific cDNA library. We will continue to pursue the selection of positive clones, make RNA dot blots from various tissues to establish tissue specificity of the cDNA and perform homology searches to determine if we have found a novel gene. Unique genes will be cloned into a GST vector and fusion proteins will be made and used to make antibody against the protein. Serum sample assays will be developed from antibodies that identify prostate specific genes. Additionally, structure/function analysis and sense and antisense expression vectors will be employed to elucidate further the function of these genes.
Download or read book Identification of Therapeutic Targets and Novel Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer written by Shashwat Sharad and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-08 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer written by Brian D. Robinson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on our current understanding of the molecular underpinnings of prostate cancer and their potential application for precision medicine approaches. The emergence and applications of new technologies has allowed for a rapid expansion of our understanding of the molecular basis of prostate cancer and has revealed a remarkable genetic heterogeneity that may underlie the clinically variable behavior of the disease. The book consists of five sections which provide insight about the following: (1) General principles; (2) Molecular signatures of primary prostate cancer; (3) Molecular signatures of advanced prostate cancer; (4) Key molecular pathways in prostate cancer development and progression; (5) and Precision medicine approach: Diagnosis, treatment, prognosis. Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer is an important resource for the practicing oncologist, urologist, and pathologist, and will also be useful for researchers in the prostate cancer community.
Download or read book Prostate Specific Or Enriched Genes as Composite Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose and scope of research: To evaluate prostate specific genes such as WDR19, NDRG1, Transgelin 2 as diagnosis and prognosis markers for prostate cancers. Major findings: (1) Serum Samples collections: We have retrieved more than 200 prostate cancer, BPH and normal matched control serum samples from the University of Washington Urology serum bank. (2) WDR19 antibody production and ELISA assay development. We have generated Rabbit monoclonal antibodies against WDR19. We have obtained six hybridoma clones. We are in the process of matching these monoclonal antibodies against each other and against two mouse monoclonal antibodies that we have previously generated to develop a sensitive ELISA assay. (3). Novel biomarker Transgelin 2. We have identified a novel biomarker Transgelin 2, which is a prostate specific gene, as a marker that showed lower expression levels in prostate cancer patients compared to normal individuals by Western Blot analysis. We are generating antibodies against Transgelin 2 and will develop an ELISA assay for Transgelin 2. (4) WDR19 as a prognosis marker for prostate cancer. We showed that WDR19 expression in prostate cancer tissues by IHC is a good prognostic marker for prostate cancer.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Prostate Cancer Causitive Gene Mutations by Representational Difference Analysis of Microdissected Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue from 23 radical prostatectomy operations has been procured. Microdissection of normal and cancer cells have been done for 2 specimens. Representational difference analysis has been completed on one sample yielding subtraction products which have been cloned and sequenced. Subsequent analysis showed that none of these products were from areas of homozygous deletion from the original tumor specimen. It was suspected that the published RDA protocol was not working properly. A control RDA with "spiked" target DNA sequences confirmed this. Using the same control DNA we have optimized the RDA protocol. The optimized protocol has been applied to two cases of primary prostate cancer, and the subtraction products are currently being analyzed. We have extended one of the stated goals of this project and will attempt to perform RDA on both RNA and DNA samples of primary prostate cancers. In this we can assay for transcriptional as well as genetic changes during prostate tumor progression. Towards this end, we have optimized an RNA extraction procedure from microdissected cells. We show that from as little as 2500 cells obtained from primary human tissue using laser capture microdissection we can isolate high molecular weight RNA suitable for this analysis.
Download or read book Diagnostic Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer written by Carsten Stephan and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Diagnostic, Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer" that was published in IJMS
Download or read book Identification of Novel Soy based Prostate Cancer Wnt Frizzled Signaling Through Cross species Gene Expression Profiling written by Michael A. Liss and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gene Expression Analysis in Prostate Cancer written by Helen Anne Louise Tuppen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Urological Pathology written by Mahul B. Amin and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 2443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge in the field of urologic pathology is growing at an explosive pace. Today’s pathologists, specialists, and residents require a comprehensive and authoritative text that examines the full range of urological diseases and their diagnosis. Written by recognized leaders and educators in the field, the text provides readers with a detailed understanding of all diagnostic aspects of urological disease. Inside this unique resource, readers will explore a broad spectrum of practical information—including etiology, diagnostic criteria, molecular markers, differential diagnosis, ancillary tests, and clinical management. This is sure to be the new definitive text for urological pathology!
Download or read book A Novel Approach to Identification of Diagnostic Markers in Prostate Cancer written by Inna Shyshynova and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy and second leading cause of cancer deaths in men. The effectiveness of its cure depends on a timely and accurate diagnosis of the disease as well as application of appropriate therapeutic strategies. We designed an integrated program aimed at identification of prospective marker genes based on their expression properties and applied it to prostate cancer analysis. Our strategy employs in silico expression profiling (an advanced version of human EST database mining) and microarray-based analysis of genes under negative regulation of tumor suppressor genes. A combined list of prospective candidate genes was assembled, which contained a number of known cancer markers, thus demonstrating feasibility of the methodology used. Expression profiles of other candidates were characterized in a large set of tumor cell lines and tumor samples using custom cDNA microarray hybridization, RT-PCR and Northern blots. KIAA1181, MAL2, MGC13170, and FLJ30428, our most promising candidates, were investigated by real-time PCR in prostate cancer and normal tissue samples. KIAA1181 and MAL2 were capable of distinguishing between cancerous and cancer-free prostate as effectively as PSA or PSMA. This approach, proven feasible by the present study, can now be extended to marker identification of virtually any cancer or disease.
Download or read book Cell Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer written by Heide Schatten and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology of prostate cancer, as well as novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation and genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis and progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to prostate cancer. Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer is one of two companion books comprehensively addressing the biology and clinical aspects of prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Stategies, the companion volume, discusses both classic and the most recent imaging approaches including analysis of needle biopsies, applications of nanoparticle probes and peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Taken together, these volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Prostate Causitive Gene Mutations by Representational Difference Analysis of Microdissected Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Representational difference analysis (RDA) was attempted on microdissected samples of human prostate cancer to identify areas of genomic homozygous deletion. Difference products were not reliably obtained with this procedure starting from DNA obtained from 5000 cells. When difference products were obtained, subsequent analysis showed that none corresponded to areas of homozygous deletion. To pursue an alternative strategy, oligonucleotide microarray analysis to identify genes that are down-regulated in malignant prostate tissue, procedures were evaluated that would allow the implementation of microarray analysis to microdissected prostate tissue samples. It was determined that approximately 10,000 cells is a reasonable compromise between the need to maximize input material and the time required to perform microdissection. Several amplification protocols and procedures were evaluated for efficacy of amplification and quality of oligonucleotide hybridization results. A working protocol is presented that will amplify mRNA from 10,000 cells to 70 ug after 2 rounds of amplification.
Download or read book Gene Expression in Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development and maintenance of the prostate is dependent on androgens and the androgen receptor. The androgen pathway continues to be important in prostate cancer. Here, we evaluated the transcriptome of prostate cancer cells in response to androgen using Long Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (L0ngSAGE) libraries. We identified 35 genes with novel associations to androgen signalling and validated 24 of these genes using quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). These genes were: ARL6IF5, BL VRB, C]9orf48, C]orfJ22, C6orf66, CAMK2NJ, CCNI, DERA, ERRFI], GLUL, GOLFH3, HMJ3, HSP9OB], MANEA, NANS, NIPSNAP3A, SLC4JA], SOD], SVIF, TAOK3, TCP], TMEM66, USP33, and VTAJ. The physiological relevance of these expression trends was evaluated in vivo using the LNCaP Hollow Fibre model. There is no cure for castration-recurrent prostate cancer (CRPC), and the mechanisms underlying the disease are not known. To address this problem, we assayed the transcriptome of LNCaP human prostate cancer cells as they progress to castration-recurrence in vivo using replicate L0ngSAGE libraries. We identified 96 novel genes consistently differentially expressed in CRPC. The expression profiles support a role for the transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor genes (CCNH, CUEDC2, FLNA, and FSMA 7), steroid synthesis and metabolism genes (DHCR24, DHRS7, ELOVL5, HSDJ 7B4, and OPRKJ), neuroendocrine cell genes (ENO2, MAOA, OPRK], SJOOA]O, and TRPM8), and proliferation genes (GAS5, GNB2L], MT-ND3, NKX3-], PCGEM], PTGFR, STEAFJ, and TMEM3OA) in castration-recurrence. Screening for prostate cancer using serum levels of prostate-specific antigen has resulted in the over-treatment of indolent disease. Novel diagnostic and prognostic markers for prostate cancer are required. To address this need, the levels of 27 transcripts were investigated with qRT-PCR. Expression of POP3 (100 kb from EST CF140309) was prostate-specific, with restricted expression ofADAM2, POP1 (50 kb from A.
Download or read book A Genomic Approach to Identifying Novel Targets for Early Detection and Intervention of Prostate Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early detection and intervention are key to a favorable prognosis in prostate cancer. Despite advances in the detection and treatment of prostate cancer, the mortality rate remains high. To improve survival, early detection and treatment strategies tailored to pre-invasive prostate cancer are required. The authors propose to catalog genetic alterations associated with the developmental stages of disease for use as diagnostic tools, and to identify the critical genes that drive the transformation of premalignant lesions to tumors for use as molecular targets for novel treatment design. The combination of laser capture microdissection (efficient isolation of specific cell types from hundreds of specimens) and SMAL DNA fingerprinting technology (high-throughput analysis of genomic targets using minute quantities of DNA yielded from the microdissected cells) will facilitate systematic comparison of samples in various stages of disease development. By the end of this work, the authors will have identified a set of genetic loci (and genes) by virtue of their frequency of alteration in premalignant lesions and subsequently in low-grade tumors. They will have established a publicly accessible "genetic alterations in prostate cancer" database that catalogs somatic changes present in the various stages of cancer progression. This information will contribute to the fundamental understanding of prostate cancer pathogenesis.
