Download or read book Identification of Novel Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes Using C Elegans as a Model written by Paul Sternberg and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular genetic analysis of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans was used to identify and study mechanisms of action of negative regulators of tyrosine kinase/ras mediated signal transduction that are candidate tumor suppressors. A homolog of the proto oncogene cbl, SLI-1, inhibits Ras activation by the epidermal growth factor receptor homolog LET-23. The domain of human c-cbl most highly conserved functions in C. elegans when substituted for the homologous region of SLI-1. Proteins that interact with this region of SLI-1 have been identified by a "two-hybrid" screen in yeast. ROK-1, a novel tyrosine kinase, has been characterize. Both SLI-1 and ROK-1 have proline-rich domains that are necessary for their function. New screens for additional negative regulators have identified at least three genes that are now being analyzed. Human homologs of ROK-1 are now being sought.
Download or read book Identification of Novel Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes at 5q and 14q for Multiple Carcinomas by Integrative Genomics and Epigenetics written by Ka Man Ng and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Novel Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes Downregulated by Promoter Hypermethylation in Gastric Carcinogenesis written by Xin Liu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes from Chromosomal Region 1p22 in Mantle Cell Lymphomas written by Asha Balakrishnan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Approaches to Identify and Characterize Regions Containing Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes written by Jessica Anne Crowley and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Novel Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Colon Cancer Using Genome wide High throughput Approaches written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El càncer colorectal és una malaltia causada per canvis genètics i epigenètics. La inactivació de gens supressors de tumors i l'activació d'oncogens són fites clau en la progressió tumoral. Els pacients amb càncer en estadi III o IV són sotmesos a cirurgia seguida de quimioteràpia. No obstant això, només el 30% dels pacients mostren una resposta objectiva fins i tot als millors agents quimioterapèutics disponibles. En aquest estudi es van utilitzar assajos d'alt rendiment de tot el genoma per caracteritzar millor els aspectes importants de la progressió oncogènica, com la desregulació de la proliferació i l'expressió aberrant causada per mecanismes epigenètics. La ràpida proliferació tumoral s'associa al pitjor pronòstic del pacient, aquí hem caracteritzat la signatura transcripcional de les cèl.lules de càncer colorectal amb ràpida proliferació de cèl.lules en un intent d'identificar els gens importants per sostenir el creixement tumoral i que podrien ser utilitzats com a dianes terapèutiques. Per comprendre millor els mecanismes subjacents a la profunda reprogramació transcripcional observada en les cèl.lules canceroses, es va investigar l'associació entre els nivells de metilació de l'ADN en els promotors i els nivells d'expressió d'aquests gens en línies cel.lulars de càncer colorectal. Els resultats d'aquest estudi poden contribuir a la identificació de noves dianes quimioterapèutics per a pacients amb càncer colorectal, i la caracterització de nous gens / vies amb activitat supressora de tumors, que són silenciats epigeneticament.
Download or read book Identification of Tumor Suppressor Genes Using the Approach of Gene Inactivation Test written by Fuli Wang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Blmp 1 is a Ras cooperating Tumor Suppressor Gene in Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Nattha Wannissorn and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While hypermorphic Ras mutations are found in approximately 35% of colorectal, 45% of lung and 90% of pancreatic cancers, activated Ras alone is not sufficient to transform normal cells into cancerous tumors. Additional driver mutations or epigenetic alterations are required to cooperate with the activating Ras mutations in tumorigenesis. In C. elegans, worms homozygous for activated Ras mutations have 60 - 80% penetrant visible multivulval (Muv) phenotype. Several suppressors and enhancers of this phenotype have been shown to be orthologous to Ras-cooperating proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, respectively. Because several epigenetic regulators are now targets of cancer treatments and many cancer genomes exhibit changes in epigenetic regulation, I sought to systematically identify chromatin regulators that cooperate with activated Ras using RNAi screening in C. elegans. After screening 215 C. elegans chromatin remodeling factors and 193 C. elegans orthologs of known driver genes from Tumor Sequencing Project, I identified several attenuators of Ras signaling. By generating double mutants, I was able to confirm that loss of PRDM1/Blimp1 homolog blmp-1 served as a strong enhancer of the let-60(n1046) Muv phenotype. In addition, blmp-1(tm548) mutant worms are not Muv. I chose to investigate one of these genes, called blmp-1, in great detail because of known roles of its mammalian ortholog PRDM1/Blimp1 in cancer. PRDM1/Blimp1 is a known tumor suppressor gene in activated-B cell diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL). Whether PRDM1/Blimp1 cooperates with activated Ras is unknown. Therefore, I further sought to understand how BLMP-1 attenuates Ras signaling in C. elegans. blmp-1 mutants have mildly elevated Ras signaling in the vulval cells. In addition, blmp-1(RNAi) and null mutant blmp-1(tm548) are strong enhancers of let-60(n1046) Muv phenotype, resulting in nearly 100% penetrance Muv. blmp-1 expression is downregulated in response to vulval induction, and this downregulation is important for correct vulval induction. However, bypassing this downregulation reduced, but did not abolish vulval induction, suggesting that blmp-1 functions late in vulval development. In addition, I also identified distinct key regions within the blmp-1 promoter which are necessary and sufficient for the regulation of blmp-1 expression in the gut, seam cells, hypodermal cells and the vulva cells. In conclusion, this is the first characterization of blmp-1 as a putative Ras-cooperating tumor suppressor gene as blmp-1 enhances the activated Ras phenotype through a novel mechanism. These results may shed light into our understanding of ABC-DCLBL as a Ras pathway-driven cancer, and PRDM1/Blimp1 as a Ras-cooperating tumor suppressor genes.
Download or read book Identification of Novel RNAi Deficient Genes in C Elegans written by Chun-Chieh G. Chen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Tumor Suppressor Gene Loss in Mouse Mammary Models of Mammary Neoplasia written by Robert Coffey and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The original sabbatical proposal was modified to two separate aims, both designed to acquire knowledge of genetics to be applied to mammary carcinoma. These studies were carried out at Stanford University in the laboratories of Stuart Kim, David Botstein and Pat Brown. First, in the Kim lab, a genetic screen was performed in C.elegans in a sensitized background (using worms mutant for Gap) to identify worms that missorted Let-23, the worm EGF receptor, in polarized vulva precursor cells. By complementation testing and STS mapping, a locus has been identified on chromosome 4 that results in missorting of Let-23 from the basolateral to apical surface. Second, microarray technology in the Botstein and Brown labs was utilized to identify sets of genes that are induced by antioxidants in mammary and colorectal carcinoma cells that culminate in p53-independent, p21-dependent apoptosis. Candidate genes have been identified and are being characterized.
Download or read book Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-12-21 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.
Download or read book Germline Stem Cells written by Steven X. Hou and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2014-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive and cutting-edge book, leading experts explore the parameters that define germline stem cells and the mechanisms that regulate the cell behavior in order to better isolate, characterize and maintain them. The volume begins by providing protocols for germline stem cell identification and regulation in model organisms, and concludes with detailed chapters covering current techniques involving in vitro culture and the applications of the cells.
Download or read book Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Cancer written by David E. Fisher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-10-26 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Fisher, MD, PhD, and an authoritative panel of academic, cutting-edge researchers review and summarize the current state of the field. Describing the broad roles of tumor suppressors from a perspective based in molecular biology and genetics, the authors detail the major suppressors and the pathways they regulate, including cell cycle progression, stress responses, apoptosis, and responses to DNA damage. Leading-edge and forward-looking, Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Cancer illuminates what is currently known of tumor suppressor genes and their regulation, work that is already beginning to revolutionize cancer target elucidation, drug discovery, and treatment design.
Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.
Download or read book Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Henry F. Epstein and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first of its kind, this laboratory handbook emphasizes diverse methods and technologies needed to investigate C. elegans, both as an integrated organism and as a model system for research inquiries in cell, developmental, and molecular biology, as well as in genetics and pharmacology. Four primary sections--Genetic and Culture Methods, Neurobiology, Cell and Molecular Biology, and Genomics and Informatics--reflect the cross-disciplinary nature of C. elegans research. Because C. elegans is a simple and malleable organism with a small genome and few cell types, it provides an elegant demonstr.
Download or read book C Elegans II written by Donald L. Riddle and published by Firefly Books. This book was released on 1997 with total page 1252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defines the current status of research in the genetics, anatomy, and development of the nematode C. elegans, providing a detailed molecular explanation of how development is regulated and how the nervous system specifies varied aspects of behavior. Contains sections on the genome, development, neural networks and behavior, and life history and evolution. Appendices offer genetic nomenclature, a list of laboratory strain and allele designations, skeleton genetic maps, a list of characterized genes, a table of neurotransmitter assignments for specific neurons, and information on codon usage. Includes bandw photos. For researchers in worm studies, as well as the wider community of researchers in cell and molecular biology. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Polypharmacology in Drug Discovery written by Jens-Uwe Peters and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-13 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential outline of the main facets of polypharmacology in drug discovery research Extending drug discovery opportunities beyond the "one drug, one target" philosophy, a polypharmacological approach to the treatment of complex diseases is emerging as a hot topic in both industry and academic research. Polypharmacology in Drug Discovery presents an overview of the various facets of polypharmacology and how it can be applied as an innovative concept for developing medicines for treating bacterial infections, epilepsy, cancer, psychiatric disorders, and more. Filled with a collection of instructive case studies that reinforce the material and illuminate the subject, this practical guide: Covers the two-sided nature of polypharmacology—its contribution to adverse drug reactions and its benefit in certain therapeutic drug classes Addresses the important topic of polypharmacology in drug discovery, a subject that has not been thoroughly covered outside of scattered journal articles Overviews state-of-the-art approaches and developments to help readers understand concepts and issues related to polypharmacology Fosters interdisciplinary drug discovery research by embracing computational, synthetic, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological and clinical aspects of polypharmacology A clear road map for helping readers successfully navigate around the problems involved with promiscuous ligands and targets, Polypharmacology in Drug Discovery provides real examples, in-depth explanations and discussions, and detailed reviews and opinions to spark inspiration for new drug discovery projects.
