Download or read book Identification of Bacteria with Ambiguous Biochemical Profiles by 16s Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequencing written by 陳賢良 and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Identification of Bacteria With Ambiguous Biochemical Profiles by 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequencing" by 陳賢良, Yin-leung, Chan, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3197028 Subjects: Bacteria - Identification Nucleotide sequence Ribosomes
Download or read book Identification of Bacterial Pathogens by 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequencing written by Kwan-hing Li and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Bacterial Pathogens by 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequencing written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Defining Novel Clinical Syndromes and Emerging Pathogens written by Chiu-Yat Patrick Woo and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Defining Novel Clinical Syndromes and Emerging Pathogens" by Chiu-yat, Patrick, Woo, 胡釗逸, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: ABSTRACT of thesis entitled Defining Novel Clinical Syndromes and Emerging Pathogens submitted by Patrick Chiu-yat Woo for the degree of Doctor of Medicine at The University of Hong Kong in April, 2002. ii Accurate identification of microorganisms is crucial to both immediate management of patients as well as defining the epidemiology, clinical syndromes, treatment, and outcome of infectious diseases caused by the corresponding microbes in the long run. Traditionally, bacterial identification in clinical microbiological laboratories is achieved by isolation of the organism and studying their phenotypic characteristics by Gram staining, cultural requirements, and biochemical tests. However, this is associated with major drawbacks. First, bacteria with ambiguous biochemical profiles are occasionally observed. Second, when rare bacteria are encountered, their profiles are often not included in most commercially available identification systems. Additionally, their rarity would imply low positive predictive values even when they are "successfully identified." Hence the epidemiology, clinical syndromes, treatment, and outcome of infections caused by the corresponding bacteria are poorly defined. In the first part of this thesis, the application of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the current gold standard of bacterial identification, to identify clinical bacterial isolates with ambiguous biochemical profiles was described. It was demonstrated that this would have direct impact on patient management in terms of whether antibiotics should be given, which antibiotics to prescribe, and the duration of antibiotics treatment. Furthermore, identification of bacteira with ambiguous biochemical profiles using 16S rRNA gene sequencing has also led us to the discovery of a novel clinical syndrome, acupuncture mycobacteriosis. In this study, four patients with mycobacterial infections complicating acupuncture were encountered in a 2-year period. All had clinical and/or radiological lesions at acupuncture point- and meridian-specific locations. There was no other history of trauma, nor other clinical foci of infections, and the chest radiographs were normal. Histological studies of iii biopsy specimens of all four patients showed changes compatible with chronic inflammation, with granulomatous inflammation present in three and acid fast bacillli in two. Conventional biochemical tests and whole cell fatty acid analysis for identification were inconclusive for all four non-pigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria recovered from tissue biopsies. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the strains from two patients were Mycobacterium chelonae, and those from the other two were Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum. All four strains showed prolonged survival in 75% alcohol as compared to other skin flora. Strict implementation of proper infection control guidelines for acupuncture is mandatory. In addition to direct impact on patient management, it was shown that accurate identification of bacteria by 16S rRNA gene sequencing has changed our understanding in infectious diseases caused by both previously known and novel bacterial species. Infections caused by rarely encountered bacterial species such as Mycobacterium neoaurum, Microbacterium species, Haemophilus segnis, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter butzleri are poorly understood. With the help
Download or read book Novel Approaches to Analysing 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequencing Profiles of the Gut Microbiota in Human Health Research written by Matthew Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From this, I generate an index that can represent widescale gut microbiota composition within a single score that is also associated with host health. Secondly, I present a method to identify communities of interacting microbes within the gut microbiota and demonstrate that these reliably associate with host phenotypes across geographically diverse populations. In summary, this thesis addresses several issues currently associated with the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based gut microbiota profiles and in turn identifies several novel biological phenomena. The techniques described herein should improve the utility of microbiota profiles derived from 16S rRNA gene sequencing and advance the field of gut microbiome research in human health.
Download or read book Phylogenetic Characterization of Subsurface Bacteria by Analysis of 16S Ribosomal RNA and Gyrase B Gene Sequences and Phenotypic Profiles written by Dianne M. Fair and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Detection of Human Bacterial Pathogens written by Dongyou Liu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-04-18 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As more original molecular protocols and subsequent modifications are described in the literature, it has become difficult for those not directly involved in the development of these protocols to know which are most appropriate to adopt for accurate identification of bacterial pathogens. Molecular Detection of Human Bacterial Pathogens addresses th
Download or read book Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era written by Surajit Das and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era presents insights on the techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny, along with their applications and respective pros and cons. Though many advanced techniques for the identification of any unknown bacterium are available in the genomics era, a far fewer number of the total microbial species have been discovered and identified to date. The assessment of microbial taxonomy and biosystematics techniques discovered and practiced in the current genomics era with suitable recommendations is the prime focus of this book. - Discusses the techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny with their applications and respective pros and cons - Reviews the evolving field of bacterial typing and the genomic technologies that enable comparative analysis of multiple genomes and the metagenomes of complex microbial environments - Provides a uniform, standard methodology for species designation
Download or read book Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology written by Yi-Wei Tang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-09 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, advanced molecular techniques in diagnostic microbiology have been revolutionizing the practice of clinical microbiology in the hospital setting. Molecular diagnostic testing in general and nucleic acid-based amplification methods in particular have been heralded as diagnostic tools for the new millennium. This third edition covers not only the most recent updates and advances, but details newly invented omic techniques, such as next generation sequencing. It is divided into two distinct volumes, with Volume 1 describing the techniques, and Volume 2 addressing their applications in the field. In addition, both volumes focus more so on the clinical relevance of the test results generated by these techniques than previous editions.
Download or read book Molecular Microbiology written by David H. Persing and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the latest molecular diagnostic techniques in one comprehensive volume The molecular diagnostics landscape has changed dramatically since the last edition of Molecular Microbiology: Diagnostic Principles and Practice in 2011. With the spread of molecular testing and the development of new technologies and their opportunities, laboratory professionals and physicians more than ever need a resource to help them navigate this rapidly evolving field. Editors David Persing and Fred Tenover have brought together a team of experienced researchers and diagnosticians to update this third edition comprehensively, to present the latest developments in molecular diagnostics in the support of clinical care and of basic and clinical research, including next-generation sequencing and whole-genome analysis. These updates are provided in an easy-to-read format and supported by a broad range of practical advice, such as determining the appropriate type and quantity of a specimen, releasing and concentrating the targets, and eliminating inhibitors. Molecular Microbiology: Diagnostic Principles and Practice Presents the latest basic scientific theory underlying molecular diagnostics Offers tested and proven applications of molecular diagnostics for the diagnosis of infectious diseases, including point-of-care testing Illustrates and summarizes key concepts and techniques with detailed figures and tables Discusses emerging technologies, including the use of molecular typing methods for real-time tracking of infectious outbreaks and antibiotic resistance Advises on the latest quality control and quality assurance measures Explores the increasing opportunities and capabilities of information technology Molecular Microbiology: Diagnostic Principles and Practice is a textbook for molecular diagnostics courses that can also be used by anyone involved with diagnostic test selection and interpretation. It is also a useful reference for laboratories and as a continuing education resource for physicians.
Download or read book Lactic Acid Bacteria written by Wilhelm H. Holzapfel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-29 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lactic Acid Bacteria Biodiversity and Taxonomy Lactic Acid Bacteria Biodiversity and Taxonomy Edited by Wilhelm H. Holzapfel and Brian J.B. Wood The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of related microorganisms that are enormously important in the food and beverage industries. Generally regarded as safe for human consumption (and, in the case of probiotics, positively beneficial to human health), the LAB have been used for centuries, and continue to be used worldwide on an industrial scale, in food fermentation processes, including yoghurt, cheeses, fermented meats and vegetables, where they ferment carbohydrates in the foods, producing lactic acid and creating an environment unsuitable for the survival of food spoilage organisms and pathogens. The shelf life of the product is thereby extended, but of course these foods are also enjoyed around the world for their organoleptic qualities. They are also important to the brewing and winemaking industries, where they are often undesirable intruders but can in specific cases have desirable benefits. The LAB are also used in producing silage and other agricultural animal feeds. Clinically, they can improve the digestive health of young animals, and also have human medical applications. This book provides a much-needed and comprehensive account of the current knowledge of the LAB, covering the taxonomy and relevant biochemistry, physiology and molecular biology of these scientifically and commercially important microorganisms. It is directed to bringing together the current understanding concerning the organisms’ remarkable diversity within a seemingly rather constrained compass. The genera now identified as proper members of the LAB are treated in dedicated chapters, and the species properly recognized as members of each genus are listed with detailed descriptions of their principal characteristics. Each genus and species is described using a standardized format, and the relative importance of each species in food, agricultural and medical applications is assessed. In addition, certain other bacterial groups (such as Bifidobacterium) often associated with the LAB are given in-depth coverage. The book will also contribute to a better understanding and appreciation of the role of LA B in the various ecosystems and ecological niches that they occupy. In summary, this volume gathers together information designed to enable the organisms’ fullest industrial, nutritional and medical applications. Lactic Acid Bacteria: Biodiversity and Taxonomy is an essential reference for research scientists, biochemists and microbiologists working in the food and fermentation industries and in research institutions. Advanced students of food science and technology will also find it an indispensable guide to the subject. Also available from Wiley Blackwell The Chemistry of Food Jan Velisek ISBN 978-1-118-38384-1 Progress in Food Preservation Edited by Rajeev Bhat, Abd Karim Alias and Gopinadham Paliyath ISBN 978-0-470-65585-6
Download or read book The Pangenome written by Hervé Tettelin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book offers the first comprehensive account of the pan-genome concept and its manifold implications. The realization that the genetic repertoire of a biological species always encompasses more than the genome of each individual is one of the earliest examples of big data in biology that opened biology to the unbounded. The study of genetic variation observed within a species challenges existing views and has profound consequences for our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underpinning bacterial biology and evolution. The underlying rationale extends well beyond the initial prokaryotic focus to all kingdoms of life and evolves into similar concepts for metagenomes, phenomes and epigenomes. The book’s respective chapters address a range of topics, from the serendipitous emergence of the pan-genome concept and its impacts on the fields of microbiology, vaccinology and antimicrobial resistance, to the study of microbial communities, bioinformatic applications and mathematical models that tie in with complex systems and economic theory. Given its scope, the book will appeal to a broad readership interested in population dynamics, evolutionary biology and genomics.
Download or read book New Approaches to Prokaryotic Systematics written by Michael Goodfellow and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-11-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 41 of Methods in Microbiology is a methods book designed to highlight procedures that will revitalize the purposes and practices of prokaryotic systematics. This volume will notably show that genomics and computational biology are pivotal to the new direction of travel and will emphasise that new developments need to be built upon historical good practices, notably the continued use of the nomenclatural type concept and the requirement to deposit type strains in at least two service culture collections in different countries.
Download or read book Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology written by Yi-Wei Tang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-14 with total page 943 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, hospitals annually report over 5 million cases of infectious-disease-related illnesses: clinical microbiology laboratories in these hospitals are engaged in detecting and identifying the pathogenic microorganisms in clinical specimens collected from these patients with suspected infections. Clearly, the timely and accurate detection/identification of these microbial pathogens is critical for patient treatment decisions and outcomes for millions of patients each year. Despite an appreciation that the outcome of an infectious-disease-related illness is directly related to the time required to detect and identify a microbial pathogen, clinical microbiology laboratories in the United States as well as worldwide have long been hampered by traditional culture-based assays, which may require prolonged incubation time for slowly growing microorganisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Moreover, traditional culture-based assays often require multiple steps with additional time needed for discernment of species and/or detection of antimicrobial resistance. Finally, these traditional, slow multistep culture-based assays are labor-intensive and required skilled clinical microbiologists at the bench. Over the past several decades, advanced molecular techniques in diagnostic microbiology quietly have been revolutionizing the practice of clinical microbiology in the hospital setting. Indeed, molecular diagnostic testing in general and nucleic-acid-based amplification methods in particular have been heralded as diagnostic tools for the new millennium. There is no question that the development of rapid molecular techniques for nucleic acid amplification/characterization combined with automation and user-friendly software has greatly broadened the diagnostic capabilities of the clinical microbiology laboratory. These technical advances in molecular microbiology over the first decade of the 21st Century have profoundly influenced the physical structure of clinical microbiology laboratories as well as their staffing patterns, workflow, and turnaround time. These molecular microbiology advances have also resulted in the need for a revised and updated second edition of Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology. This second edition again provides an updated and comprehensive description of the ongoing evolution of molecular methods for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. In addition, many new chapters have been added, including a chapter on the clinical interpretation and relevance of advanced technique results. The second edition, like the first edition, includes both a “techniques” section describing the latest molecular techniques and an “applications” section describing how these advanced molecular techniques are being used in the clinical setting. Finally, the second edition, like the first edition, utilizes a diverse team of authors who have compiled chapters that provide the reader with comprehensive and useable information on advanced molecular microbiology techniques.
Download or read book Bergey s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology written by David R. Boone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteriologists from all levels of expertise and within all specialties rely on this Manual as one of the most comprehensive and authoritative works. Since publication of the first edition of the Systematics, the field has undergone revolutionary changes, leading to a phylogenetic classification of prokaryotes based on sequencing of the small ribosomal subunit. The list of validly named species has more than doubled since publication of the first edition, and descriptions of over 2000 new and realigned species are included in this new edition along with more in-depth ecological information about individual taxa and extensive introductory essays by leading authorities in the field.
Download or read book Next Generation Sequencing written by Jerzy Kulski and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-01-14 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Next generation sequencing (NGS) has surpassed the traditional Sanger sequencing method to become the main choice for large-scale, genome-wide sequencing studies with ultra-high-throughput production and a huge reduction in costs. The NGS technologies have had enormous impact on the studies of structural and functional genomics in all the life sciences. In this book, Next Generation Sequencing Advances, Applications and Challenges, the sixteen chapters written by experts cover various aspects of NGS including genomics, transcriptomics and methylomics, the sequencing platforms, and the bioinformatics challenges in processing and analysing huge amounts of sequencing data. Following an overview of the evolution of NGS in the brave new world of omics, the book examines the advances and challenges of NGS applications in basic and applied research on microorganisms, agricultural plants and humans. This book is of value to all who are interested in DNA sequencing and bioinformatics across all fields of the life sciences.
Download or read book Experimental Techniques in Bacterial Genetics written by Stanley R. Maloy and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 1990 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
