Download or read book Identification Characterization and Amino terminal Sequencing of High Molecular Weight Soluble Antigens of the Human Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum written by James Harold Nichols and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmodium falciparum is the most lethal of four species of protozoa that cause malaria in humans. Since the blood stage of the parasite life cycle is responsible for the clinical manifestations of the disease, studies of the immune response and vaccine development to this stage are critical to decreasing the morbidity and mortality of malaria. Immunization of experimental monkeys with crude supernatant fractions obtained from in vitro culture media or partially purified fractions of culture media have been shown to protect them from malaria. Protective immunity is known to occur naturally in afflicted adolescent and adult individuals only after long-term exposure to malaria. This research focuses on soluble antigens, termed exoantigens, secreted into the supernatant of in vitro blood stage cultures. These exoantigens are believed to either be shed or secreted from the parasite surface during red blood cell invasion. The goal of this research was to identify and characterize those exoantigens capable of eliciting an antibody response which could act as potential vaccine target antigens. Crude supernatant from normal uninfected red blood cell lysates and human sera, or from cultures infected with the Vietnamese (Indochina I) strain of Plasmodium falciparum were fractionated in parallel by HPLC gel filtration and DEAE ion exchange chromatography. Western blots were performed on the infected and control fractions using an African human sera pool obtained from adult individuals with confirmed long-term exposure to Plasmodium falciparum. Sixteen antigens were identified in the range of 100-250 Kd under reducing SDS conditions. These exoantigens were further reactive against pools of sera from Malaysian and Venezuelan adults with long-term exposure. The reactive to immune sera from three continents indicates the potential of these proteins as vaccine candidate antigens. In order to characterize these exoantigens, a large-scale preparation of 5 liters of infected culture supernatant was fractionated by high resolution gel filtration, ammonium sulfate precipitation and preparative isoelectric focusing. Their isoelectric points were determined to range from 5.2-6.0. The partially purified fractions containing the high molecular weight antigens were resolved by SDS PAGE sequencing length gels, blotted onto activated glass fiber filters and individual bands submitted for amino-terminal sequencing. Unique amino-terminal sequences demonstrate that these proteins are a new group of previously uncharacterized exoantigens.
Download or read book Purification and Characterization of Soluble Antigens From the Human Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Purification and Characterization of Soluble Antigens from the Human Malaria Parasite Plasmoduim Falciparum written by Lisa Marie Shamansky and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Malaria written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria is making a dramatic comeback in the world. The disease is the foremost health challenge in Africa south of the Sahara, and people traveling to malarious areas are at increased risk of malaria-related sickness and death. This book examines the prospects for bringing malaria under control, with specific recommendations for U.S. policy, directions for research and program funding, and appropriate roles for federal and international agencies and the medical and public health communities. The volume reports on the current status of malaria research, prevention, and control efforts worldwide. The authors present study results and commentary on the: Nature, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and epidemiology of malaria. Biology of the malaria parasite and its vector. Prospects for developing malaria vaccines and improved treatments. Economic, social, and behavioral factors in malaria control.
Download or read book Soluble Antigens of Human Malaria Plasmodium Falciparum written by Cynthia Hall Ewel and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of MB2 written by Thanh Viet Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Characterisation of the Ornithine Decarboxylase Gene of the Human Malaria Parasite Plasmidium Falciparum written by Lyn-Marie Birkholtz and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria is one of the most serious tropical infectious diseases affecting mankind. The prevention of the disease is hampered by the increasing resistance of the parasite to existing chemotherapy and -prophylaxis drugs. The need for novel therapeutic targets and drugs is therefore enormous and the understanding of the biochemistry of the parasite is imperative. The aim of this study was the identification and molecular characterisation of the eDNA of one such metabolic target protein, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), in the human malaria parasite P. falciparum. The P. falciparum ODC eDNA was isolated by means of a modified RT-PCR technique, RACE. No sequence data were available and the primers used were based on consensus areas identified in the protein sequences from other related organisms. The isolation and identification of the eDNA with degenerate primers was successful in 3' -RACE, but necessitated the optimisation of the eDNA synthesis protocol and the use of total RNA as starting material. The sequence obtained facilitated the application of 5' -RACE with ODC-specific primers based on the 3' -RACE sequence data. The full-length ODC eDNA sequence was obtained by overlap-alignment of various segments. A novel suppression PCR technology was applied during the 5' -RACE in order to create an uncloned eDNA library of amplified cDNAs representing only the mRNA population. The P. falciparum ODC eDNA contains an open reading frame of --2847 bp and translates to a large 939 amino acid protein. The protein contained large internal insertions and was extended by '273 N-terminal residues compared to ODCs from other organisms. Several possible signature motifs were identified for phosphorylation, glycosylation and transamidation. The P. falciparum ODC protein seems to contain more hydrophilic and a-helix forming residues. These characteristics should be further investigated after expression of the recombinant protein. The isolation of the P. falciparum ODC eDNA facilitates the validation of this protein as an antimalarial target.
Download or read book Malaria Parasites written by Andrew P. Waters and published by Caister Academic Press Limited. This book was released on 2004 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The completion of the Plasmodium falciparum genome sequence in late 2002 heralded a new era in malaria research. The search began in earnest for new drugs and vaccines to combat malaria, a disease which afflicts up to 500 million people worldwide and is responsible for the deaths of more than one million people each year. The new genomic data is aiding a greater understanding of the living parasite and its interaction with the insect vector and human host. In this book internationally renowned experts provide up-to-date reviews of the most important aspects of post-genomic malaria research. Topics covered include: the P. falciparum genome and model parasites, bioinformatics and genome databases, microsatellite analysis, analysis of chromosome structure, cell cycle to RNA polymerase I and II mediated gene expression, role of the nuclear genome, the parasite surface and cell biology, and much more. The book is essential to all researchers working in this highly topical field and is recommended reading for scientists in other areas of biology and medicine.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Expression Systems written by Michael R. Dyson and published by Methods Express (Hardcover). This book was released on 2007 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protein expression is an increasingly important tool for research on gene function. What is needed is not just a lab manual providing established methods as well as the latest state-of-the-art protocols, but also clear advice on what expression system to choose when. Expression Systems: Methods Expressuniquely fills this need. It covers expression across a broad range of systems, including the following. *Baculovirus expression vectors *CHO cells *E. coli *HEK293-EBNA1 cells *Lactococcus lactis and other gram positive bacteria *S. cerevisiae *transfected insect cells *Pichia pastoris *mammalian cells using BacMam viruses *lentiviral vectors *wheat germ cell-free system The book takes the reader through how to make an informed choice of appropriate system, taking into account the protein target, the time involved, the ultimate use of the expressed protein, and the laboratory equipment required. It also provides step-by-step methods for each system. In addition, the book describes the optimisation of expression strategies, expression engineering using ribosome display, and how to select protein variants with improved expression. Every chapter discusses the merits and limitations of the approaches available, describes the key techniques in full practical detail, and provides sensible advice for immediate use at the bench. In summary, Expression Systems: Methods Expressis a comprehensive laboratory manual and information resource for researchers at all levels, from postgraduate student to principal investigator.
Download or read book Antimalarial Chemotherapy written by Philip J. Rosenthal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-04-01 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philip Rosenthal, MD, and a panel of leading malaria experts drawn from academia, the military, and international health organizations survey the latest scientific understanding of antimalarial chemotherapy, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms of resistance and the description of important new targets. Their survey covers the current status of malarial and antimalarial chemotherapy, the relevant biology and biochemistry of malaria parasites, the antimalarial drugs currently available, new chemical approaches to chemotherapy, and possible new targets for chemotherapy. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Antimalarial Chemotherapy: Mechanisms of Action, Resistance, and New Directions in Drug Discovery clearly delineates all the basic and clinical research now addressing one of the world's major unresolved disease problems, work that is now powerfully driving the rapid pace of antimalarial drug discovery today.
Download or read book World Malaria Report 2019 written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Malaria Report 2019 provides a comprehensive update on global and regional malaria data and trends. The report tracks investments in malaria programs and research as well as progress across all intervention areas: prevention, diagnosis, treatment, elimination, and surveillance. It also includes dedicated chapters on the consequences of malaria on maternal infant and child health the "High Burden to High Impact" approach as well as biological threats to the fight against malaria. The 2019 report is based on information received from more than 80 countries and areas with ongoing malaria transmission. This information is supplemented by data from national household surveys and databases held by other organizations.
Download or read book World Malaria Report 2018 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year s report shows that after an unprecedented period of success in global malaria control progress has stalled. Data from 2015?2017 highlight that no significant progress in reducing global malaria cases was made in this period. There were an estimated 219 million cases and 435 000 related deaths in 2017. The World malaria report 2018 draws on data from 90 countries and areas with ongoing malaria transmission. The information is supplemented by data from national household surveys and databases held by other organizations.
Download or read book The Biology of Parasitism written by Paul T. Englund and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory--an up-to-date survey of molecular and immunological approaches to the study of parasites responsible for human disease. These concise, provocative essays present empirical findings and personal accounts and critically review current models and theories. Chapters are divided into three sections: the biology of parasites and parasitic disease; parasite immunology; and parasite molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics. The contributors do not always present the same viewpoint, which makes for lively reading.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Thalassaemia Syndromes written by David J. Weatherall and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the new edition of this successful and authoritative book, the thalassaemias are reviewed in detail with respect to their clinical features, cellular pathology, molecular genetics, prevention and treatment. It is aimed at specialists in haematology in the laboratory or clinical setting, particularly in areas where thalassaemia is common either in the native population or in immigrant communities. The fourth edition has been both updated and re-organized. Three new chapters have been added on the link between alpha-thalassaemia and mental retardation, on avoidance and population control and on global epidemiology. Considerable emphasis is placed on molecular pathology reflecting the huge burst of information to have come out of this field in the last few years.
Download or read book Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria Third Edition written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-08-13 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria remains an important cause of illness and death in children and adults in countries in which it is endemic. Malaria control requires an integrated approach including prevention (primarily vector control) and prompt treatment with effective antimalarial agents. Malaria case management consisting of prompt diagnosis and effective treatment remains a vital component of malaria control and elimination strategies. Since the publication of the first edition of the Guidelines for the treatment of malaria in 2006 and the second edition in 2010 all countries in which P. falciparum malaria is endemic have progressively updated their treatment policy from use of ineffective monotherapy to the currently recommended artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT). This has contributed substantially to current reductions in global morbidity and mortality from malaria. Unfortunately resistance to artemisinins has arisen recently in P. falciparum in South-East Asia which threatens these gains. This third edition of the WHO Guidelines for the treatment of malaria contains updated recommendations based on a firmer evidence base for most antimalarial drugs and in addition include recommendation on the use of drugs to prevent malaria in groups at high risk. The Guidelines provide a framework for designing specific detailed national treatment protocols taking into account local patterns of resistance to antimalarial drugs and health service capacity. It provides recommendations on treatment of uncomplicated and severe malaria in all age groups all endemic areas in special populations and several complex situations. In addition on the use of antimalarial drugs as preventive therapy in healthy people living in malaria-endemic areas who are high risk in order to reduce morbidity and mortality from malaria. The Guidelines are designed primarily for policy-makers in ministries of health who formulate country-specific treatment guidelines. Other groups that may find them useful include health professionals and public health and policy specialists that are partners in health or malaria control and the pharmaceutical industry. The treatment recommendations in the main document are brief; for those who wish to study the evidence base in more detail a series of annexes is provided with references to the appropriate sections of the main document.
