Download or read book Ancient Literacy written by William V. HARRIS and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How many people could read and write in the ancient world of the Greeks and Romans? No one has previously tried to give a systematic answer to this question. Most historians who have considered the problem at all have given optimistic assessments, since they have been impressed by large bodies of ancient written material such as the graffiti at Pompeii. They have also been influenced by a tendency to idealize the Greek and Roman world and its educational system. In Ancient Literacy W. V. Harris provides the first thorough exploration of the levels, types, and functions of literacy in the classical world, from the invention of the Greek alphabet about 800 B.C. down to the fifth century A.D. Investigations of other societies show that literacy ceases to be the accomplishment of a small elite only in specific circumstances. Harris argues that the social and technological conditions of the ancient world were such as to make mass literacy unthinkable. Noting that a society on the verge of mass literacy always possesses an elaborate school system, Harris stresses the limitations of Greek and Roman schooling, pointing out the meagerness of funding for elementary education. Neither the Greeks nor the Romans came anywhere near to completing the transition to a modern kind of written culture. They relied more heavily on oral communication than has generally been imagined. Harris examines the partial transition to written culture, taking into consideration the economic sphere and everyday life, as well as law, politics, administration, and religion. He has much to say also about the circulation of literary texts throughout classical antiquity. The limited spread of literacy in the classical world had diverse effects. It gave some stimulus to critical thought and assisted the accumulation of knowledge, and the minority that did learn to read and write was to some extent able to assert itself politically. The written word was also an instrument of power, and its use was indispensable for the construction and maintenance of empires. Most intriguing is the role of writing in the new religious culture of the late Roman Empire, in which it was more and more revered but less and less practiced. Harris explores these and related themes in this highly original work of social and cultural history. Ancient Literacy is important reading for anyone interested in the classical world, the problem of literacy, or the history of the written word.

Download or read book National Union Catalog written by and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes entries for maps and atlases.

Download or read book The Changing Law of the Employment Relationship written by Nicola Countouris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past few decades, industrialized countries have witnessed a progressive crisis of the regulatory framework sustaining the binary model of the employment relationship based on the subordinate employment/autonomous self-employment dichotomy. New atypical and hybrid working arrangements have emerged, challenging the traditional notions of, and divisions between, autonomy and subordination. This in turn has strained labour law systems across industrialized countries that were previously based on the notion of dependent and subordinate employment to cast their personal scope of application. Nicola Countouris advances ideas for a new dynamic equilibrium in employment law to accommodate this evolution, providing a comparative account of the development of the employment relationship in four key European countries - the UK, Germany, France and Italy.

Download or read book Subject Catalog written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 1058 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Library of Congress Catalogs written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Restatement of Labour Law in Europe written by Bernd Waas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 1113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is part of a series which sets out a restatement of labour law in Europe. Its second volume looks at atypical employment relationships in Europe. Opening with a restatement, the book provides comparative commentary on the question of how fixed-term employment relationships, part-time employment relationships and temporary agency work is regulated by law in the individual states, which case law of the courts must be observed in this respect and which possibilities exist for shaping such relationships on the basis of collective bargaining agreements. The book goes on to systematically explore the national regulatory framework of: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. In this area, which is largely shaped by EU law in many countries, the commonalities and differences with regard to the relevant regulatory issues are examined. This important new project provides the definitive survey of labour law in Europe today.

Download or read book Labour Law and Industrial Relations in Recessionary Times written by Anthony Forsyth and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes a number of papers written in English and published in the last fifteen years in which the Italian labour market faced many changes. The book not only provides the international readership with a frame of reference – in both conceptual and legal terms – that helps to appreciate the Italian Labour Law currently in force, but also represents a contribution to moving beyond the self-referential nature of the Italian debate on the reform of labour laws. As such, the book supplies the reform process of the Italian labour market with an international and comparative dimension which – in accordance with the programmatic approach of Marco Biagi – will also feed the debate at the national level.

Download or read book The Legal Construction of Personal Work Relations written by Mark Freedland FBA and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the conceptual framework of European employment law, focusing on understanding the law's construction of employment relationships. The book draws on extensive comparative research of the legal architecture of employment relations in national legal systems and EU law to analyse the traditional model of the contract of employment and the difficulties of using the traditional model to frame modern working relationships. The authors then present a new model of the foundations of employment relationships, based on the concept of a personal work nexus, and explore the potential of their model to shape the future development of employment law. Throughout the book, the authors analyse the interaction of domestic and EU employment law, and discuss the possibility of future legal harmonisation in the area. They conclude by exploring the potential for a common framework for European employment law, in the context of broader debates surrounding the harmonisation of European private law.

Download or read book Imperativeness in Private International Law written by Giovanni Zarra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book centres on the ways in which the concept of imperativeness has found expression in private international law (PIL) and discusses “imperative norms”, and “imperativeness” as their intrinsic quality, examining the rules or principles that protect fundamental interests and/or the values of a state so as to require their application at any cost and without exceptions. Discussing imperative norms in PIL means referring to international public policy and overriding mandatory rules: in this book the origins, content, scope and effects of both these forms of imperativeness are analyzed in depth. This is a subject deserving further study, considering that very divergent opinions are still emerging within academia and case law regarding the differences between international public policy and overriding mandatory rules as well as with regard to their way of functioning. By using an approach mainly based on an analysis of the case law of the CJEU and of the courts of the various European countries, the book delves into the origin of imperativeness since Roman law, explains how imperative norms have evolved in the different conceptions of private international law, and clarifies the foundation of the differences between international public policy and overriding mandatory rules and how these concepts are used in EU Regulations on PIL (and in the practice related to these sources of law). Finally, the work discusses the influence of EU and public international law sources on the concept of imperativeness within the legal systems of European countries and whether a minimum content of imperativeness – mainly aimed at ensuring the protection of fundamental human rights in transnational relationships – between these countries has emerged. The book will prove an essential tool for academics with an interest in the analysis of these general concepts and practitioners having to deal with the functioning of imperative norms in litigation cases and in the drafting of international contracts. Giovanni Zarra is Assistant professor of international law and private international law and transnational litigation in the Department of Law of the Federico II University of Naples.

Download or read book Treaty Series Publication of Treaties and International Engagements Registered with the Secretariat of the League written by League of Nations and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Library of Congress Catalog written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with 1953, entries for Motion pictures and filmstrips, Music and phonorecords form separate parts of the Library of Congress catalogue. Entries for Maps and atlases were issued separately 1953-1955.

Download or read book Social Responsibility in Labour Relations written by Frans Pennings and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1945, socially moderated market economies have formed the cornerstone of the European socioeconomic model. Now, however due to powerful global economic, political and demographic tendencies tensions between social and economic interests and values are increasing. These developments create an urgent need for answers, actions and measures on the European level. This wide-ranging but focused collection of essays approaches this important trend from multiple perspectives. Compiled in honour of the major European labour law scholar Teun Jaspers, it encompasses a broad spectrum of analyses and insights by forty-one distinguished contributors from seven countries. Four major tensions are identified: between the European and national level, between fundamental rights and economic freedoms, between workers and employers, and between soft and hard law instruments. Throughout, a comparative approach is emphasized, not only within the EU but also between the EU and China and South Africa. Among the many topics covered are the following: relocation of labour to low-wage countries both within and outside the EU; conditions for tempering the excesses of the free labour market; the legal weight of voluntary standards such as codes of conduct; extending the scope of application of corporate social responsibility norms to transnational enterprises; pressure on national social law due to flexibilization, deregulation and individualization; contract termination protection; employability and training of employees; fixed-term work in the wake of the Mangold ruling; adjustment of working conditions for ill and disabled workers; right to strike; and restructuring of enterprises. In light of the Lisbon strategy, the authors address how the various tensions should be reconciled, especially in the context of the flexicurity approach. The book will be of great interest to academics and practitioners for its clear categorization of the issues which must be overcome when regulating employment and social policy in the context of todayand’s EU multilevel legal order. It pays detailed attention to the legal questions raised by emerging European labour and employment policies in respect of their specific materialization, the opportunities they offer, their feasibility, and the threats they pose to traditional workerand’s protection and, more generally, to traditional concepts of labour law.

Download or read book Dictionary Catalog of the Research Libraries of the New York Public Library 1911 1971 written by New York Public Library. Research Libraries and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Economic Crises and Policy Regimes written by Hideko Magara and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-28 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this innovative book, Hideko Magara brings together an expert team to explore both the possibilities and difficulties of transitioning from a neoliberal policy regime to an alternative regime through drastic policy innovations. The authors argue tha

Download or read book Rivista delle societ commerciali written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes sections "Rassegna delle pubblicazioni economiche" and "Rassegna della stampa economica periodica."

Download or read book Bibliographia economica universalis written by and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United Mine Workers Journal written by United Mine Workers of America and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: