Download or read book Hyporheic Exchange and Nutrient Uptake in a Forested and Urban Stream written by Chase Batchelor and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterizing Hyporheic Exchange and Nutrient Retention in Urban Streams written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eutrophication is a common problem for surface waters, causing increases in phytoplankton and algal blooms that can negatively impact the environment. Stream ecosystems can remove significant fractions of nutrient loads, due to both removal by riparian vegetation, and to microbial activity in the hyporheic zone, which is the subsurface zone located beneath the streambed where surface water and groundwater mix. Urbanization and channelization can significantly reduce nutrient retention in streams by reducing or eliminating hyporheic recharge and vegetation uptake. To identify how effective riparian zones are at retaining nutrients in a highly urbanized watershed, storm sampling, tracer addition experiments and modelling of the system was done on two experimental reaches in San Diego, CA. Storm samples were taken upstream and downstream of riparian zones on two reaches, and analyzed for nitrogen. Tracer addition experiments using Bromide (Br-) and nitrate (NO3-N) were done during the dry season on two different reaches of Alvarado Creek (channelized, 122.08 m; natural 281.31 m). Samples were collected during the addition at various distances downstream from the injection site (17 – 281 m). Retention was calculated for storm sample and tracer addition sample data for each reach. The breakthrough curve was then modelled for each sub-reach in the One-Dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage (OTIS) model. Transient storage metrics and error statistics were then calculated to determine ideal parameter sets. Despite OTIS and OTIS-P model limitations, it was determined that both hyporheic exchange rate and size are small in riparian sections of urban watersheds, with hyporheic exchange primarily occurring in transient storage zones based on the Br tracer data. Uptake of NO3-N during the tracer injection experiment was limited (
Download or read book Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake in an Urban Stream Ecosystem written by Nicolette A. Sheffield and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban stream ecosystems are faced with high input levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from anthropogenic activities. N and P are important to plant growth and stream health; however, high levels can lead to algal blooms and eutrophication, a harmful effect to both aquatic life and water quality. Common urban sources of N and P include fertilizer, atmospheric deposition, stormwater outfall, and leaf-litter decomposition. Common urban stream features such as a flashier hydrograph, altered channel stability and morphology, increase in nutrient output (such as N and P), and heat retention, have been shown to result in an overall decrease in stream biodiversity. High input levels of N are seen within the Mississippi River Basin in the form of nitrate. In urban systems, estimates of loading of N and P into the Mississippi River Basin range from 7-9% for total N and 12-16% for P.This study focused on urban stream nutrient uptake along concrete-lined channels. Tributaries of Sugar Creek in Bloomington-Normal, IL, served as the study area. I hypothesized that concrete-lined channels limit nutrient uptake and maintain higher concentrations of N and P uptake. Measuring nutrient uptake involved short-term N and P additions. Samples tested for nitrate were analyzed on a Dionex ion chromatograph, while samples tested for dissolved reactive phosphate were analyzed following the molybdate method using spectrophotometry. Both N and P uptake velocities measured higher along urban concrete streams as compared to studies conducted in other environments such as deserts and forested areas. In addition, monthly uptake velocities were compared across the study sites, resulting in greater P uptake velocities over N uptake velocities.Many urban streams were modified to manage for hydrology, potentially altering nutrient processing. Thus, quantifying nutrient uptake along a modified streambed will identify how N and P are retained within a stream ecosystem and have implications for stream system restoration.
Download or read book Riverine Ecosystem Management written by Stefan Schmutz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book surveys the frontier of scientific river research and provides examples to guide management towards a sustainable future of riverine ecosystems. Principal structures and functions of the biogeosphere of rivers are explained; key threats are identified, and effective solutions for restoration and mitigation are provided. Rivers are among the most threatened ecosystems of the world. They increasingly suffer from pollution, water abstraction, river channelisation and damming. Fundamental knowledge of ecosystem structure and function is necessary to understand how human acitivities interfere with natural processes and which interventions are feasible to rectify this. Modern water legislation strives for sustainable water resource management and protection of important habitats and species. However, decision makers would benefit from more profound understanding of ecosystem degradation processes and of innovative methodologies and tools for efficient mitigation and restoration. The book provides best-practice examples of sustainable river management from on-site studies, European-wide analyses and case studies from other parts of the world. This book will be of interest to researchers in the field of aquatic ecology, river system functioning, conservation and restoration, to postgraduate students, to institutions involved in water management, and to water related industries.
Download or read book Stream Ecosystems in a Changing Environment written by Jeremy B. Jones and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-07-07 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stream Ecosystems in a Changing Environment synthesizes the current understanding of stream ecosystem ecology, emphasizing nutrient cycling and carbon dynamics, and providing a forward-looking perspective regarding the response of stream ecosystems to environmental change. Each chapter includes a section focusing on anticipated and ongoing dynamics in stream ecosystems in a changing environment, along with hypotheses regarding controls on stream ecosystem functioning. The book, with its innovative sections, provides a bridge between papers published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and the findings of researchers in new areas of study. - Presents a forward-looking perspective regarding the response of stream ecosystems to environmental change - Provides a synthesis of the latest findings on stream ecosystems ecology in one concise volume - Includes thought exercises and discussion activities throughout, providing valuable tools for learning - Offers conceptual models and hypotheses to stimulate conversation and advance research
Download or read book Watershed Hydrology written by Vijay P. Singh and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Linking Hydrological and Biogeochemical Processes in Riparian Corridors written by Dipankar Dwivedi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-07-22 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relating Nutrient Uptake and Metabolism in Urban Cement lined Streams written by Grace Marjorie Sieggreen and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving water quality is a critical societal issue as declines in water quality have been associated with nutrient inputs from land use. Nutrient removal is possible by uptake through biota and soil adsorption. Studies show that nutrient uptake is affected by biotic activity or metabolism, which can be affected by biota type and storm events. As few of these studies involve urban cement-lined streams, the goal of this study is to understand the relationship between nutrient uptake and biotic metabolism while considering the impact that biota type and storm events have in an urban cement-lined stream.I measured nutrient uptake and metabolism in a cement-lined stream in Bloomington, Illinois from June to October 2019. I measured metabolism with dissolved oxygen and photosynthetic light loggers and measured nutrient uptake for ammonia and phosphate (NH4 and PO4-3) with a nutrient addition experiment. In addition, I collected water and algae samples, and examined discharge and storm events. I analyzed water samples in Illinois State University's LEA lab for (NH4 and PO4-3) with an ion chromatograph and a flow injection analyzer, and classified algae as green or blue-green alga based on their genus. Stream metabolism was net heterotrophic with an environmental respiration (ER) of 0.08 - 11.5 g O2/m2/day and gross primary productivity (GPP) of 0.0 - 6.31 g O2/m2/day. The stream was dominated by green algae, which related to increased GPP in the stream. Both ER and GPP decreased after storm events as algae was scoured from the stream bed. However, ER recovered faster than GPP, due to increased microbes and organic matter from upstream. Uptake values for PO4-3 were 1.42 - 6.97 mm/min and 2.71 - 11.6 mm/min for NH4. The relationship of nutrient uptake and metabolism was not significant, and it is assumed that another factor is affecting nutrient uptake. As the cement lining is preventing further nutrient uptake, they may need to be modified to assist in excess nutrient removal in urban zones.
Download or read book An investigation into the dynamics of fluvial systems written by Marielle DuToit and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wetzel s Limnology written by Ian D. Jones and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-16 with total page 1105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetzel's Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, Fourth Edition, presents a fully updated revision of the classic textbook Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems - last published in 2001. The coverage has been thoroughly updated with recent research and theoretical developments. Each chapter of this edited volume has been written by an expert, or team of experts, providing a comprehensive and global perspective, with the editors working closely with the authors to maintain continuity within and between the chapters. This is not only an essential textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in limnology but also a standard reference book for seasoned limnologists and other scientists. - Chapters from the third edition have been updated by an international team of experts, incorporating developments from the past two decades - Several new chapters have been added, reflecting exciting developments in the field of limnology - New color illustrations and images throughout - Detailed summaries at the end of each chapter
Download or read book Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Discriminating Between Biological and Hydrological Controls of Hyporheic Denitrification Across a Land Use Gradient in Nine Western Wyoming Streams written by Andrew K. Myers and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I studied nine streams near Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, covering a land use gradient (urban, agricultural, and forested) to assess influences of land use on denitrification rates and hyporheic exchange. I hypothesized denitrification in the hyporheic zone is governed by availability of chemical substrates and hydrologic transport. I tested this hypothesis by coupling measurements of denitrification potentials in hyporheic sediments with a 2-storage zone solute transport model. Denitrification potentials were lowest on average in hyporheic sediments from forested streams and highest from agricultural streams. Modeling results suggest, on average, agricultural sites are transport-limited by having the slowest exchange rate with hyporheic zone and longest transport before entering storage. Land use influences the capacity for hyporheic denitrification in two ways 1) agricultural and urban practices supply substrates that build the microbial potential for denitrification and 2) agricultural and urban activities alter channel form and substrates, limiting hyporheic exchange.
Download or read book Rivers in the Landscape written by Ellen Wohl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-10 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rivers are the great shapers of terrestrial landscapes. Very few points on Earth above sea level do not lie within a drainage basin. Even points distant from the nearest channel are likely to be influenced by that channel. Tectonic uplift raises rock thousands of meters above sea level. Precipitation falling on the uplifted terrain concentrates into channels that carry sediment downward to the oceans and influence the steepness of adjacent hill slopes by governing the rate at which the landscape incises. Rivers migrate laterally across lowlands, creating a complex topography of terraces, floodplain wetlands and channels. Subtle differences in elevation, grain size, and soil moisture across this topography control the movement of ground water and the distribution of plants and animals. Rivers in the Landscape, Second Edition, emphasizes general principles and conceptual models, as well as concrete examples of each topic drawn from the extensive literature on river process and form. The book is suitable for use as a course text or a general reference on rivers. Aimed at advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and professionals looking for a concise summary of physical aspects of rivers, Rivers in the Landscape is designed to: emphasize the connectivity between rivers and the greater landscape by explicitly considering the interactions between rivers and tectonics, climate, biota, and human activities; provide a concise summary of the current state of knowledge for physical process and form in rivers; reflect the diversity of river environments, from mountainous, headwater channels to large, lowland, floodplain rivers and from the arctic to the tropics; reflect the diverse methods that scientists use to characterize and understand river process and form, including remote sensing, field measurements, physical experiments, and numerical simulations; reflect the increasing emphasis on quantification in fluvial geomorphology and the study of Earth surfaces in general; provide both an introduction to the classic, foundational papers on each topic, and a guide to the latest, particularly insightful and integrative references.
Download or read book Evidence that hyporheic zones increase heterotrophic metabolism and phosphorus uptake in forest streams written by P.J. MULHOLLAND and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Riparian Areas of the Southwestern United States written by Peter F. Ffolliott and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-07-28 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for water resulting from massive population and economic growth in the southwestern U.S. overwhelmed traditional uses of riparian areas. As a consequence, many of these uniquely-structured ecosystems have been altered or destroyed. Within recent years people have become increasingly aware of the many uses and benefits of riparian zones a
Download or read book Methods in Stream Ecology written by Gary Lamberti and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Stream Ecology: Volume 2: Ecosystem Structure, Third Edition, provides a complete series of field and laboratory protocols in stream ecology that are ideal for teaching or conducting research. This new two-part edition is updated to reflect recent advances in the technology associated with ecological assessment of streams, including remote sensing. Volume two covers community interactions, ecosystem processes and ecosystem quality. With a student-friendly price, this new edition is key for all students and researchers in stream and freshwater ecology, freshwater biology, marine ecology and river ecology. This book is also supportive as a supplementary text for courses in watershed ecology/science, hydrology, fluvial geomorphology and landscape ecology. Methods in Stream Ecology, 3rd Edition, Volume 1: Ecosystem Structure, is also available now! - Provides a variety of exercises in each chapter - Includes detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae and data sheets for in-field research for students - Presents taxonomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae - Includes website with tables and a links written by leading experts in stream ecology
