Download or read book Hydrologic Variations Owing to Snowmelt Changes in the Mid Latitudes written by Chanse M. Ford and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Snowmelt is a critical hydrologic process in high latitude, non-alpine settings. The water stored in seasonal snowpacks melts in the spring months leading to increased spring streamflow and creating shallow groundwater recharge that helps sustain streams throughout the year from the contributions of baseflow. Many regions across the globe have experienced changes to snowpack dynamics and melt patterns due to increased winter temperatures resulting from global climate change. Currently, most of the research into the changing snowmelt hydrology has been focused on mountainous regions where snowpacks make up larger portions of those regions' annual water budget. There is little research in these mid-latitude, non-alpine areas and the available research focuses on small areas or examines only one component of the hydrologic system.These understudied regions that receive seasonal snowfall require more thorough examination as changes to winter and spring snow can have negative societal consequences, especially in one of the world's largest freshwater reservoirs of the Great Lakes.This dissertation contributes to the scientific knowledgebase regarding snowmelt dynamics in non-alpine settings. Novel statistical analyses are utilized to assess the amount of change to winter temperatures and the effects on snowmelt hydrology across spatial scales and decades of observational data. The results from these analyses are then used as a lens to simulate the landscape hydrology to quantify changes to shallow groundwater recharge, which is difficult to assess from empirical data alone. These findings also lead to an examination of the potential economic effects resulting from changes to the snowpack.Chapter 1 lays the groundwork for this dissertation by describing the relevance of the research and gives a brief overview of the different components. The foundational methodology is developed in Chapter 2, where a combination of observed physical data and outputs from several snow and precipitation models are used to classify winters in Michigan from 2003-2017 as warm or cool and quantify the hydrologic changes in those different winter types. The results show warmer winters had less overall snow, which melted earlier contributing to earlier and lower spring stream flows and increased net recharge of groundwater. Chapter 3 then takes this methodology and applies it to the entire eastern portion of the United States that receives seasonal snow from 1960-2019, with results similar to the preceding chapter, and demonstrating that these snow hydrology changes are not limited to Michigan or to the more recent decades. These findings then culminate in Chapter 4, where the Landscape Hydrology Model simulates the snowpack, surface flows and groundwater recharge in Michigan from 2000-2019. These fully distributed simulations show the decreased snow and periodic melting in warm winters has led to increased groundwater recharge and decreased surface flows. Chapter 5 concludes this dissertation by examining the downhill ski industry in Michigan using industry statistics and operational data from the Shanty Creek Resorts, describing the potential economic challenges in a warming future.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Snow Ice and Glaciers written by Vijay P. Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 1301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The earth’s cryosphere, which includes snow, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, ice shelves, sea ice, river and lake ice, and permafrost, contains about 75% of the earth’s fresh water. It exists at almost all latitudes, from the tropics to the poles, and plays a vital role in controlling the global climate system. It also provides direct visible evidence of the effect of climate change, and, therefore, requires proper understanding of its complex dynamics. This encyclopedia mainly focuses on the various aspects of snow, ice and glaciers, but also covers other cryospheric branches, and provides up-to-date information and basic concepts on relevant topics. It includes alphabetically arranged and professionally written, comprehensive and authoritative academic articles by well-known international experts in individual fields. The encyclopedia contains a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from the atmospheric processes responsible for snow formation; transformation of snow to ice and changes in their properties; classification of ice and glaciers and their worldwide distribution; glaciation and ice ages; glacier dynamics; glacier surface and subsurface characteristics; geomorphic processes and landscape formation; hydrology and sedimentary systems; permafrost degradation; hazards caused by cryospheric changes; and trends of glacier retreat on the global scale along with the impact of climate change. This book can serve as a source of reference at the undergraduate and graduate level and help to better understand snow, ice and glaciers. It will also be an indispensable tool containing specialized literature for geologists, geographers, climatologists, hydrologists, and water resources engineers; as well as for those who are engaged in the practice of agricultural and civil engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences and engineering, ecosystem management, and other relevant subjects.
Download or read book Hydrological Systems Modeling Volume I written by Lev S. Kuchment and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-06-18 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrological Systems Modeling is a component of Encyclopedia of Water Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. This 2-volume set contains several chapters, each of size 5000-30000 words, with perspectives, applications and extensive illustrations. It carries state-of-the-art knowledge in the fields of Hydrological Systems Modeling and is aimed, by virtue of the several applications, at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.
Download or read book Managing Protected Areas in Central and Eastern Europe Under Climate Change written by Sven Rannow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with an overview of data and concepts developed in the EU-project HABIT-CHANGE, this book addresses the need for sharing knowledge and experience in the field of biodiversity conservation and climate change. There is an urgent need to build capacity in protected areas to monitor, assess, manage and report the effects of climate change and their interaction with other pressures. The contributors identify barriers to the adaptation of conservation management, such as the mismatch between planning reality and the decision context at site level. Short and vivid descriptions of case studies, drawn from investigation areas all over Central and Eastern Europe, illustrate both the local impacts of climate change and their consequences for future management. These focus on ecosystems most vulnerable to changes in climatic conditions, including alpine areas, wetlands, forests, lowland grasslands and coastal areas. The case studies demonstrate the application of adaptation strategies in protected areas like National Parks, Biosphere Reserves and Natural Parks, and reflect the potential benefits as well as existing obstacles. A general section provides the necessary background information on climate trends and their effects on abiotic and biotic components. Often, the parties to policy change and conservation management, including managers, land users and stakeholders, lack both expertise and incentives to undertake adaptation activities. The authors recognise that achieving the needed changes in behavior – habit – is as much a social learning process as a matter of science-based procedure. They describe the implementation of modeling, impact assessment and monitoring of climate conditions, and show how the results can support efforts to increase stakeholder involvement in local adaptation strategies. The book concludes by pointing out the need for more work to communicate the cross-sectoral nature of biodiversity protection, the value of well-informed planning in the long-term process of adaptation, the definition of acceptable change, and the motivational value of exchanging experience and examples of good practice.
Download or read book The Daunting Climate Change written by Jayarama Reddy Puthalpet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-24 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book starts with an overview of Climate Science. It discusses the signs of Warming, the impacts and consequences on several sectors - terrestrial and coastal ecosystems, water resources, ocean systems, agriculture, food production and food security, human health and safety, livelihoods and poverty, Arctic populations, low-lying States, so on. Mathematical models to project future climate and the resulting concerns, global adaptation experiences, and opportunities for future execution are explained. The mitigation approaches, chiefly decarbonizing the energy sector by developing and applying clean/low carbon energy sources and improving energy efficiency, and the evolving geoengineering schemes are dealt. Carbon pricing, an economic tool to ensure emissions reductions, and transition to a low carbon economy to stimulate sustainable growth are described. The continued global efforts under the UN or otherwise until the recent Paris Agreement to arrive at policy responses to tackle this intriguing but daunting problem of climate change are vividly expounded. Note: T&F does not sell or distribute the hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
Download or read book Climatology in Cold Regions written by Chenghai Wang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-01-11 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climatology in Cold Regions A groundbreaking interdisciplinary study of cold-region weather systems and their vital role in predicting climate change across the globe Climatology in Cold Regions explores the complexities of land−atmospheric interaction across the Earth’s cryosphere, systematically placing soil thawing, snow melting, surface diabatic heating, and other processes within the context of broader climatological models. Drawing from a wealth of new data, leading atmospheric scientist Chenghai Wang illustrates how cold-region weather systems can be parameterized to improve seasonal climate prediction and provide crucial insights into projected changes in climate over the next 50-100 years. The book opens with an introduction to the characteristics and classification of cold-region climatology, followed by a detailed description of the primary weather systems and land surface processes in cold regions. The core of the book presents a new approach for seasonal climate prediction using signals obtained from cryospheric processes, supported by a discussion of climate disasters and the impact of climate change on the ecology of cold regions. Introduces a new way of modeling climate in cold regions Offers novel approaches for assessing climate signals from cold regions in seasonal and sub-seasonal predictions Presents new data on the role of cold-region climatology in forecasting and driving global temperature changes Discusses the role of cold regions as the main source of global freshwater supply A significant contribution to climate research and beyond, Climatology in Cold Regions is essential reading for students, scientists, and researchers in the atmospheric sciences, meteorology, ecology, hydrology, and Earth sciences.
Download or read book Greenhouse Effect and Global Climate Change written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cold Regions Hydrology in a Changing Climate written by International Association of Hydrological Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Physics written by Clare Smith and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2002. Environmental Physics is a comprehensive introduction to the physical concepts underlying environmental science. The importance and relevance of physics is emphasised by its application to real environmental problems with a wide range of case studies. Applications included cover energy use and production, global climate, the physics of living things, radioactivity, environmental remote sensing, noise pollution and the physics of the Earth. The book makes the subject accessible to those with little physics background, keeping mathematical treatment straightforward. The text is lively and informative, and is supplemented by numerous illustrations, photos, tables of useful data, and a glossary of key terms.
Download or read book Climate Variability and Change written by Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data (Project) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains 117 reviewed papers from over 30 countries, published in English, French and Spanish, which reflect both international dimension of FRIEND and the key challenges facing hydrologists in the 21st century.
Download or read book Advances in Theoretical Hydrology written by J.P. O'Kane and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Festschrift containing sixteen invited essays and papers is a tribute to the distinguished Irish hydrologist James Dooge on the occasion of his 70th birthday. His former students, colleagues and friends in fourteen countries, have provided a varied selection on his favourite topics: flow in open channels and unsaturated soil, and also from his major interest of recent years, large scale hydrology and global change. The book has three sections. The first section on hydrological processes contains six papers. The second section on large scale hydrology has four papers. Six historical, reflective and philosophical essays on the past and future of the hydrological sciences form the third section of the book.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geomorphology written by Andrew Goudie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 1190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume editor is the leading authority in the field Alphabetically organized in two volumes c.700 comprehensively signed, cross-referenced and indexed entries Detailed bibliographies and suggestions for further reading follow most entries Fully illustrated: over 300 plates and line drawings Written by an editorial team of over 270 experts from over thirty countries
Download or read book Impact of Environmental and Climatic Change on Global and Regional Hydrology written by Yoram Eckstein and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Security Climate Change and Sustainable Development written by Asit K. Biswas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-17 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book pursues a comprehensive approach so as to arrive at a better understanding of the implications of climate change on sustainable development, focusing on the perspective of water. Climate change is one of today’s most pressing global issues and will become increasingly important in the decades to come, as societies will feel its pervasive impacts in many aspects of their lives. Given that the majority of these climate change impacts will be felt through the medium of water, the book explores the interrelationships and inter-linkages between water, climate change and sustainable development.
Download or read book Climatic and Associated Cryospheric and Hydrospheric Changes on the Third Pole written by Lei Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-10 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biodiversity of Freshwater Ecosystems written by Suhaib A. Bandh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-22 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume examines the ecological importance, threats, protection, and management of the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems, such as lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, reservoirs, pools, and wetlands. As populations have been increasing exponentially, humans are using freshwater ecosystems severely, resulting in habitat destruction and breakdown. Environmental contamination, climate change, the introduction of harmful and invasive organisms, unplanned dredging and de-weeding processes, disposal of sewer systems in freshwater bodies, and badly planned water diversions are the leading causes of habitat loss in freshwaters. These impacts have led to significant decreases in the numbers and productivity of many freshwater species and decreased biodiversity in freshwater. This book presents a selection of primary research and review papers on several freshwater aquatic biodiversity studies, which involve evaluating plants, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, benthic zones, and fish diversity in freshwater ecosystems. It provides an abundance of new information on freshwater biodiversity distribution, status, and patterns. Key features: Discusses the importance, threats, and management of biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems Provides detailed coverage of modern and updated techniques used in the evaluation and conservation of freshwater biodiversity Looks at the impact of pesticides pollution on freshwater environs, and on aquatic and terrestrial life Reviews how global climate change affects freshwater biodiversity Biodiversity of Freshwater Ecosystems: Threats, Protection, and Management promotes the enhancement and strengthening of freshwater protection and its unique biodiversity for scientists, policymakers, scholars, researchers, NGOs, and the public, providing necessary background knowledge and practical tools to help manage aquatic ecosystems and their biodiversity in a holistic manner.
Download or read book Himalayan Glaciers written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific evidence shows that most glaciers in South Asia's Hindu Kush Himalayan region are retreating, but the consequences for the region's water supply are unclear, this report finds. The Hindu Kush Himalayan region is the location of several of Asia's great river systems, which provide water for drinking, irrigation, and other uses for about 1.5 billion people. Recent studies show that at lower elevations, glacial retreat is unlikely to cause significant changes in water availability over the next several decades, but other factors, including groundwater depletion and increasing human water use, could have a greater impact. Higher elevation areas could experience altered water flow in some river basins if current rates of glacial retreat continue, but shifts in the location, intensity, and variability of rain and snow due to climate change will likely have a greater impact on regional water supplies. Himalayan Glaciers: Climate Change, Water Resources, and Water Security makes recommendations and sets guidelines for the future of climate change and water security in the Himalayan Region. This report emphasizes that social changes, such as changing patterns of water use and water management decisions, are likely to have at least as much of an impact on water demand as environmental factors do on water supply. Water scarcity will likely affect the rural and urban poor most severely, as these groups have the least capacity to move to new locations as needed. It is predicted that the region will become increasingly urbanized as cities expand to absorb migrants in search of economic opportunities. As living standards and populations rise, water use will likely increase-for example, as more people have diets rich in meat, more water will be needed for agricultural use. The effects of future climate change could further exacerbate water stress. Himalayan Glaciers: Climate Change, Water Resources, and Water Security explains that changes in the availability of water resources could play an increasing role in political tensions, especially if existing water management institutions do not better account for the social, economic, and ecological complexities of the region. To effectively respond to the effects of climate change, water management systems will need to take into account the social, economic, and ecological complexities of the region. This means it will be important to expand research and monitoring programs to gather more detailed, consistent, and accurate data on demographics, water supply, demand, and scarcity.
