Download or read book HVDC Submarine Power Cables in the World written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This science-for-policy report is the first deliverable of the OTG project. It provides an extensive study on the availability of the technologies required for the realisation of a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) interconnection between the European and North American Alternating Current (AC) transmission grids. An introduction on HVDC transmission systems is given. This implies a discussion on the monopolar, bipolar and back-to-back configurations. Also the connection with AC grids, i.e. the converter station, is treated. Further, attention is paid to the spatial context of laying a HVDC submarine power cable. Information is provided regarding geological and path surveys, subsea bed topography, geological structure and lithology. Geodynamic processes, sea currents, waves as well as temperature and salinity are also discussed. Technologies and materials used to produce HVDC submarine cables are presented. Different cable types are shown.^Special attention is given to the installation of HVDC submarine cables. Techniques for laying a cable are discussed. Also issues such as protection measures and maintenance aspects are dealt with. The operation of HVDC submarine cable is treated as well. Reliability and accident risk issues are discussed in a dedicated paragraph as well as environmental aspects. A complete, comprehensive chapter is spent on existing and planned HVDC submarine interconnectors. Emphasis is given the longest and deepest examples. An extensive list of these cables with relevant data is given in Annex 1. The report ends with a set of conclusions, primarily pointing at the following steps of the OTG project.^Shortly, they are as follows: - the HVDC submarine power cable technology is now mature; - the experience in laying the cable on the seafloor is inherited and adapted from the much older technology of telecommunication submarine cables; 8 - Europe is the leading region in both the length and number of cables having the longest one, the deepest one and one of the most powerful cables; the majority of manufacturers and sea-laying cable operators originate here; - mass-impregnated cables are the most used but a new generation of extruded cables are gaining field; - first submarine power cables used a monopolar configuration but the newly built ones are predominantly bipolar.

Download or read book HVDC Submarine Power Cables in the World written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This science-for-policy report is the first deliverable of the OTG project. It provides an extensive study on the availability of the technologies required for the realisation of a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) interconnection between the European and North American Alternating Current (AC) transmission grids. An introduction on HVDC transmission systems is given. This implies a discussion on the monopolar, bipolar and back-to-back configurations. Also the connection with AC grids, i.e. the converter station, is treated. Further, attention is paid to the spatial context of laying a HVDC submarine power cable. Information is provided regarding geological and path surveys, subsea bed topography, geological structure and lithology. Geodynamic processes, sea currents, waves as well as temperature and salinity are also discussed. Technologies and materials used to produce HVDC submarine cables are presented. Different cable types are shown.^Special attention is given to the installation of HVDC submarine cables. Techniques for laying a cable are discussed. Also issues such as protection measures and maintenance aspects are dealt with. The operation of HVDC submarine cable is treated as well. Reliability and accident risk issues are discussed in a dedicated paragraph as well as environmental aspects. A complete, comprehensive chapter is spent on existing and planned HVDC submarine interconnectors. Emphasis is given the longest and deepest examples. An extensive list of these cables with relevant data is given in Annex 1. The report ends with a set of conclusions, primarily pointing at the following steps of the OTG project.^Shortly, they are as follows: - the HVDC submarine power cable technology is now mature; - the experience in laying the cable on the seafloor is inherited and adapted from the much older technology of telecommunication submarine cables; 8 - Europe is the leading region in both the length and number of cables having the longest one, the deepest one and one of the most powerful cables; the majority of manufacturers and sea-laying cable operators originate here; - mass-impregnated cables are the most used but a new generation of extruded cables are gaining field; - first submarine power cables used a monopolar configuration but the newly built ones are predominantly bipolar.

Download or read book Global Energy Interconnection written by Zhenya Liu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global energy network is an important platform to guarantee effective exploitation of global clean energy and ensure reliable energy supply for everybody. Global Energy Interconnection analyzes the current situation and challenges of global energy development, provides the strategic thinking, overall objective, basic pattern, construction method and development mode for the development of global energy network. Based on the prediction of global energy and electricity supply and demand in the future, with the development of UHV AC/DC and smart grid technologies, this book offers new solutions to drive the safe, clean, highly efficient and sustainable development of global energy. The concept and development ideas concerning global energy interconnection in this book are based on the author’s thinking of strategic issues about China’s and the world’s energy and electricity development for many years, especially combined with successful practices of China’s UHV development. This book is particularly suitable for researchers and graduated students engaged in energy sector, as well as energy economics researchers, economists, consultants, and government energy policy makers in relevant fields. Based on the author's many years' experience in developing Smart Grid solutions within national and international projects. Combines both solid background information and cutting-edge technology progress, coupled with a useful and impressive list of references. The key energy problems which are challenging us nowadays are well stated and explained in this book, which facilitates a better understanding of the development of global energy interconnection with UHV AC/DC and smart grid technologies.

Download or read book Submarine Power Cables written by Thomas Worzyk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-11 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for high-performance submarine power cables is increasing as more and more offshore wind parks are installed, and the national electric grids are interconnected. Submarine power cables are installed for the highest voltages and power to transport electric energy under the sea between islands, countries and even continents. The installation and operation of submarine power cables is much different from land cables. Still, in most textbooks on electrical power systems, information on submarine cables is scarce. This book is closing the gap. Different species of submarine power cables and their application are explained. Students and electric engineers learn on the electric and mechanic properties of submarine cables. Project developers and utility managers will gain useful information on the necessary marine activities such as pre-laying survey, cable lay vessels, guard boats etc., for the submarine cable installation and repair. Investors and decision makers will find an overview on environmental aspects of submarine power cables. A comprehensive reference list is given for those who want further reading.

Download or read book Submarine Cables and the Oceans written by L. Carter and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2009 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many things and services in our everyday life that we take for granted, and telecommunications is one of them. We surf the internet, send emails to friends and colleagues abroad, talk to family members in foreign countries over the phone, book airline seats and make banking transactions without actually realizing and appreciating the sophisticated technology that enables us to do so. This report covers the history and nature of cables, their special status in international law, their interaction with the environment and other ocean users and, finally, the challenges of the future. It is an evidence-based synopsis that aims to improve the quality and availability of information to enhance understanding and cooperation between all stakeholders. UNEP-WCMC in collaboration with the International Cable Protection Committee and UNEP has prepared this new report to provide an objective, factual description of the sub-marine cable industry and the interaction of submarine telecommunications (which route 95% of all international communications traffic) with the marine environment. This important report seeks to focus and guide deliberations and decision making on the wise conservation and protection of the oceans in concert with their sustainable management and use.

Download or read book Submarine Power Cables written by Source Wikipedia and published by University-Press.org. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 31. Chapters: HVDC Inter-Island, Estlink, Champlain Hudson Power Express, Cross-Skagerrak, Fenno-Skan, HVDC Russia-Finland, HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia, Konti-Skan, Submarine power cable, Baltic Cable, Atlantic Wind Connection, East-West Interconnector, Great Belt Power Link, NordBalt, HVDC Italy-Greece, BritNed, North Sea Offshore Grid, HVDC Gotland, HVDC Cross-Channel, Basslink, NorGer, Kontek, NorNed, HVDC Norway-UK, SwePol, HVDC Hokkaido-Honshu, Cable layer, SAPEI, NORD.LINK, Cable landing point, HVDC Vancouver Island, HVDC BorWin1, Cross Sound Cable, HVDC Leyte-Luzon, HVDC Moyle, Neptune Cable, Isle of Man to England Interconnector, HVDC Haenam-Cheju, HVDC Zhoushan, Kii Channel HVDC system, HVDC Troll, HVDC DolWin1, HVDC HelWin1, Helgoland Power Cable. Excerpt: The HVDC Inter-Island is a high-capacity, bipolar high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power line connecting the transmission grids of New Zealand's two main islands, owned and operated by state-owned transmission operator Transpower New Zealand. It is commonly known erroneously as the Cook Strait cable, despite the fact there are three submarine HVDC cables across Cook Strait and that they make up only a short section of the route. The 610 km link starts at the Benmore Hydroelectric Power Station, on the Waitaki River in Canterbury, and travels 534 km through inland Canterbury and Marlborough to Fighting Bay in the Marlborough Sounds. From Fighting Bay, the link travels 40 km via submarine cables across Cook Strait to Oteranga Bay, near Wellington, before travelling the final 37 km to Haywards transmission sub-station in the Hutt Valley. The HVDC link was first commissioned in April 1965, originally as a bipolar 600 MW link with mercury arc valves. The original equipment was paralleled onto a single pole (Pole 1) in 1992, and a new thyristor-based...

Download or read book Effects of EMFs from Undersea Power Cables on Elasmobranchs and Other Marine Species Final Report written by T. Tricas and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2012-12 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Submarine Cables written by Douglas R. Burnett and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2013-10-24 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Submarine fiber optic cables are critical communications infrastructure for States around the world. They are laid on the seabed, are often no bigger than a garden hose, and transmit immense amounts of data across oceans. These cables are the backbone of the internet and phone services and underpin core State interests, such as the finance sector, shipping, commerce and banking industries. Without the capacity to transmit and receive data via submarine cables, the economic security of States would be severely compromised. Despite the fact that 95 per cent of all data and telecommunications between States are transmitted via submarine cables, there is little understanding of how these cables operate. As a result some States have developed policies and laws that undermine the integrity of international telecommunications systems. Submarine Cables: The Handbook of Law and Policy provides a one-stop-shop of essential information relating to the international governance of submarine cables. The Handbook is a unique collaboration between international lawyers and experts from the submarine cable industry. It provides a practical insight into the law and policy issues that affect the protection of submarine cables, as well as the laying, maintenance and operation of such cables. In addition, the law and policy issues in relation to other special purpose cables, such as power cables, marine scientific research cables, military cables, and offshore energy cables, are also addressed.

Download or read book International Submarine Cables and Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction written by Douglas R. Burnett and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If one uses Facebook, Facetime, Skype, Netflix, or any application of the internet internationally, a submarine cable is involved. Fibre optic cables bind the world together and computer server farms, maintained by major telecom and content companies, allow vast amounts of data to be stored and retrieved from the cloud. Not often appreciated is the fact that these server locations worldwide are connected by submarine fibre optic cables. In this sense, the cloud is beneath the sea. While submarine communication cables have been in steady use since 1850, their preeminent place in the modern world has never been as dominant and personal as now. Recently, calls have mounted in the context of marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) for centralized control of submarine cables and for express or de facto diminishment of the freedoms related to them via the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea, that have served the world’s peoples for so long. In International Submarine Cables and Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, Douglas R. Burnett and Lionel Carter examine the time proven importance of the existing international treaties, the largely peer-reviewed science on the environmental interaction of submarine cables with high seas environments, and the current submarine cable issues in the context of the BBNJ debates.

Download or read book Laboratory Testing of a High Voltage Direct Current Submarine Power Cable for the Hawaii Deep Water Cable Program written by William A. Bonnet and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book HVDC Transmission written by Chan-Ki Kim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HVDC is a critical solution to several major problems encountered when trying to maintain systemic links and quality in large-scale renewable energy environments. HDVC can resolve a number of issues, including voltage stability of AC power networks, reducing fault current, and optimal management of electric power, ensuring the technology will play an increasingly important role in the electric power industry. To address the pressing need for an up-to-date and comprehensive treatment of the subject, Kim, Sood, Jang, Lim and Lee have collaborated to produce this key text and reference. Combining classroom-tested materials from North America and Asia, HVDC Transmission compactly summarizes the latest research results, and includes the insights of experts from power systems, power electronics, and simulation backgrounds. The authors walk readers through basic theory and practical applications, while also providing the broader historical context and future development of HVDC technology. Presents case studies covering basic and advanced HVDC deployments headed by world-renowned experts Demonstrates how to design, analyze and maintain HVDC systems in the field Provides updates on new HVDC technologies, such as active power filters, PWM, VSC, and 800 KV systems Rounds out readers' understanding with chapters dedicated to the key areas of simulation and main circuit design Introduces wind power system interconnection with HVDC Arms readers with an understanding of future HVDC trends Balancing theoretical instruction with practical application, HVDC Transmission delivers comprehensive working knowledge to power utility engineers, power transmission researchers, and advanced undergraduates and postgraduates in power engineering programs. The book is also a useful reference to for engineers and students focused on closely related areas such as renewable energy and power system planning.

Download or read book Accessories for HV and EHV Extruded Cables written by Pierre Argaut and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This CIGRE Green book on accessories for HV and EHV extruded cables covers relevant issues in cable system design, cable design, and submarine cables, including offshore generation connection. It provides comprehensive and unbiased information, essential recommendations and guidelines for design, installation, testing and maintenance of accessories to professionals through the exceptional expertise of the authors. The publication is divided in two volumes covering land and submarine applications, HVAC and HVDC systems, andtransitions from lapped cable systems to extruded cable systems, from OHL to UG cables and from cables to substations. It equips the reader with recommendations for testing, installation, maintenance, and remaining life management. This volume is dedicated to Land and Submarine AC/DC Applications while Volume 1 deals with Components. The book compiles the results of the work achieved by several Working Groups and Task Forces of CIGRE Study Committee 21/B1, and Joint Working Groups and Joint Task Forces with other Study Committees. Many experts from Study Committees 21/B1 (Insulated Cables), 15/D1 (Materials and Emerging Test Techniques), 33/B3 (Substations), C3 (System Environmental Performance), and C4 (System Technical Performance) have participated in this work in the last 30 years in order to offer comprehensive, continuous, and consistent outputs.

Download or read book Legal Aspects of Submarine High Voltage Direct Current HVDC Cables written by Rainer Lagoni and published by Mohr Siebeck. This book was released on 1999-09 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sustainable Ocean Resource Governance written by Markus Kotzur and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-01-03 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Sustainable Ocean Resource Governance an international group of eminent authors offer perspectives on the legal interface between sustainable economic growth, effective marine resource management and urgent environmental protection of the sea by addressing three key issues: deep sea mining, marine energy generation, and seabed pipeline and cable systems. In light of the sectoral nature of current ocean governance and the existing patchwork of management arrangements for the oceans, this book gives insights in search for a coherent and consistent sustainability approach.

Download or read book The Power Grid written by Brian D’Andrade and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-03-03 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Power Grid: Smart, Secure, Green and Reliable offers a diverse look at the traditional engineering and physics aspects of power systems, also examining the issues affecting clean power generation, power distribution, and the new security issues that could potentially affect the availability and reliability of the grid. The book looks at growth in new loads that are consuming over 1% of all the electrical power produced, and how combining those load issues of getting power to the regions experiencing growth in energy demand can be addressed. In addition, it considers the policy issues surrounding transmission line approval by regulators. With truly multidisciplinary content, including failure analysis of various systems, photovoltaic, wind power, quality issues with clean power, high-voltage DC transmission, electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic interference, privacy concerns, and data security, this reference is relevant to anyone interested in the broad area of power grid stability. Discusses state–of-the-art trends and issues in power grid reliability Offers guidance on purchasing or investing in new technologies Includes a technical document relevant to public policy that can help all stakeholders understand the technical issues facing a green, secure power grid

Download or read book High Voltage Direct Current Transmission written by J. Arrillaga and published by IET. This book was released on 1998-06-30 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a variety of reasons justifying the use of DC transmission as well as the basic concepts and techniques involved in the AC-DC and DC-AC conversion processes.

Download or read book Transitioning Island Nations Into Sustainable Energy Hubs Emerging Research and Opportunities written by Spataru, Catalina and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-08-24 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many islands currently rely on heavy fuel oil as their primary energy source. As the issue of pollution and climate change became a reality, many countries, including island nations, began looking to reduce their carbon emissions by launching programs and policies designed to ease their transition from oil to alternative energy technologies that are more environmentally friendly. Transitioning Island Nations Into Sustainable Energy Hubs: Emerging Research and Opportunities provides the latest research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of establishing renewable energy source systems on islands. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as the vision of future energy networks and its role in creating the idea of energy hubs, this book is ideally designed for academicians, environmental professionals, researchers, policy makers, environmental engineers, and individuals seeking current research on renewable energy development.