Download or read book Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissues written by Tasuku Honjo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-05 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intestine is colonized by an impressive community of commensals, that has profound effects on the immune funtions. The relationship between gut microbiota and the immune system is one of reciprocity: commensals have important contribution in nutrient processing and education of the immune system and conversely, the immune system, particularly gut-associated lymphoid tissues plays a key role in shaping the repertoire of gut microbiota.
Download or read book Human Gut associated Lymphoid Tissue written by Knut Bjerke and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human gut associated lymphoid tissue written by Knut Bjerke and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Janeway s Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Download or read book Studies of Gut associated Lymphoid Tissues and Other Secondary Lymphoid Tissues in 12 Week Old New Zealand White Specific Pathogen Free Rabbits written by Rebeccah A. Urbiztondo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Rabbits serve as valuable animal models to study the immunopathogenesis of human diseases that gain entry through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Rabbits possess abundant mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), both in the GALT and at other mucosal sites. This makes them uniquely suited to studying diseases which are transmitted across these surfaces. This study looks at the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT), as well as, the lymphoid populations in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and peripheral blood of twelve week old New Zealand White rabbits. Herein, we used flow cytometric and immunohistochemical methods to phenotypically characterize lymphoid populations. Results obtained via flow cytometric analysis were comparable to the distribution of leukocyte subsets in other animal species, including humans, both in the GALT inductive and effector sites and in mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, and peripheral blood. Immunohistochemical analyses of tissues were comparable to results obtained via flow cytometry. Our data collectively indicate that New Zealand White rabbits compared to humans and mice contain a predominant CD4+ T cell population throughout their GALT and associated lymphoid tissues. Furthermore, these data will support future studies that utilize the rabbit model to study human gut-associated disease or infectious agents that gain entry via the oral route.
Download or read book Hemopoietic System written by Thomas C. Jones and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) was estab lished in 1978 to stimulate and support scientific research and educational programs related to nutrition, toxicology, and food safety, and to encourage cooperation in these programs among scientists in universities, industry, and government agencies to assist in the resolution of health and safety issues. To supplement and enhance these efforts, ILSI has made a major commitment to supporting programs to harmon ize toxicologic testing, to advance a more uniform inter pretation of bioassay results worldwide, to promote a common understanding of lesion classifications, and to encourage wide discussion of these topics among scien tists. The Monographs on the Pathology of Laboratory Ani mals are designed to facilitate communication among those involved in the safety testing of foods, drugs, and chemicals. The complete set will cover all organ systems and is intended for use by pathologists, toxicologists, and others concerned with evaluating toxicity and carcinogen icity studies. The international nature of the project - as reflected in the composition of the editorial board and the diversity of the authors and editors - strengthens our ex pectations that understanding and cooperation will be im proved worldwide through the series. Alex Malaspina President International Life Sciences Institute Preface This book, on the hemopoietic system, is the eighth volume of a set prepared under the sponsorship of the International Life Sciences In stitute (ILSI).
Download or read book Ontogeny of the Immune System of the Gut written by Thomas T. MacDonald and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-09-24 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book highlights studies on the development of the mucosal immune system in the human fetus, the factors important in the development of the various compartments of this system, and the mechanisms by which the human neonate protects itself against gut allergy and infection. Other topics include the development of the gut immune system in rodents and other veterinary species in which important areas such as the intestinal uptake of the maternal immunoglobulins have been characterized, as well as immunocompetence of the human fetus. The book provides essential reference material for immunologists, pediatricians, and other researchers interested in the features unique to the development of the gut immune system in utero and post-natally in different species.
Download or read book Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissues written by Tasuku Honjo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-02 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rheumatology and Immunology Therapy written by Larry W. Moreland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-07-20 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entries in a practical A to Z Format Highly therapy-focused Uniform and clearly arranged entries for ease of reference Comprehensive information on symptoms and therapeutical possibilities of rheumatologic and musculoskeletal diseases as well as drugs Written by leading experts in the field
Download or read book Cellular Biology of the Lung written by C. Cummings and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume records the proceedings at the Fifth School of Thoracic Medicine held at the Ettore Majorana School of International Scientific Culture in March 1981. Foregathered there were a heterogeneous group comprising clinicians, pathologists, ultra-microscopists, biochemists, immunologists, cellular biologists and physiologists and they presented the twenty seven papers seen in the contents list. The discussion which followed each paper was faithfully recorded (and where necessary translated) and may be found after each author's presentation. This free discussion is perhaps the most valuable part of the School of Thoracic Medicine, and most clearly defines the present boundaries of knowledge, and the directions in which enquiry is being pursued. The collaboration of many people made the production of this book possible - for the translation and the discussion typescript Miss Guiliana de Ferio, for the final typing and layout Miss Corinne Wade ably assisted by Miss Karen Wadey and Miss Kim Lekstrom. The illustrations have been dealt with where necessary by Mr. John Griffiths and the production of the book was done at The Midhurst Medical Research Institute prior to its delivery to Plenum Press. CONTENTS The Innervation of Bronchial Mucosa • • • • • • • -. • • • • 1 Peter K. Jeffery Cell Division and Differentiation in Bronchial Epithelium • • • • • • • • • • • • • 33 Margaret Ayers and Peter K. Jeffery Cilia • 61 Bjorn A.
Download or read book Mucosal Vaccines written by Hiroshi Kiyono and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-23 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, authoritative treatise covers all aspects of mucosal vaccines including their development, mechanisms of action, molecular/cellular aspects, and practical applications. The contributing authors and editors of this one-of-a-kind book are very well known in their respective fields. Mucosal Vaccines is organized in a unique format in which basic, clinical, and practical aspects of the mucosal immune system for vaccine development are described and discussed. This project is endorsed by the Society for Mucosal Immunology. - Provides the latest views on mucosal vaccines - Applies basic principles to the development of new vaccines - Links basic, clinical, and practical aspects of mucosal vaccines to different infectious diseases - Unique and user-friendly organization
Download or read book The Immune Response in the Gut written by Marsetyawan Heparis Noer Ekandaroe Soesatyo and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Formation and Function of Organized Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue in Health and Disease written by Brenda Jean Olivier and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Beyond Blood written by Jeffrey NelsFranklin Dock and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hallmark of age-related immunosenescence is the accumulation of late-differentiated memory CD8 T cells in peripheral blood with features of replicative senescence, such as inability to proliferate, absence of CD28 expression, shortened telomeres, loss of telomerase activity, enhanced activation, and increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Oligoclonal expansions of these late-differentiated memory CD8 T cells in peripheral blood are correlated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality in elderly humans. The studies described in this thesis focus on furthering our understanding of CD8 T cell replicative senescence in humans and its relationship to aging and HIV disease, with special emphasis on immune features of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), which contains 40-65% of lymphocytes (as opposed to peripheral blood, which houses only 2%) and is an area of high antigenic exposure. We first review the data for CD8 T cell replicative senescence in peripheral blood. This includes a comprehensive discussion of experiments defining the phenotype and function of senescent cells in vitro. We then present evidence that CD8 T cell replicative senescence occurs in vivo, and discuss how senescent cells contribute to, and are affected by, dysregulated immunity in aging and HIV disease, ultimately contributing towards "inflammaging" and an immune risk phenotype (IRP) predictive of morbidity and mortality. We next move the focus of our studies to the GALT and compare blood and gut (specifically rectosigmoid colon) CD8 T cells, focusing on age-related phenotypic and functional alterations previously linked to senescence in peripheral blood. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that gut CD8 T cells have profiles suggestive of greater "aging" than those in peripheral blood. These results include a significant increase in RA-CD8+ (memory), CD28-CD8+ (differentiated), RA-CD28-CD8+ (differentiated memory), DR+CD38+CD8+ (activated), CD8 [alpha]/[alpha], RO+PD-1+CD8+, and a (non-significant) decrease in baseline telomerase activity. However, other criteria from this study (lower levels of CD57 expression, lack of inverted CD4:CD8 ratio, increase in KI-67 (proliferation) expression, and proliferative potential that is similar to blood) suggest that gut CD8 T cells may not be more senescent than peripheral blood. Our data suggest that additional work (such as looking at CD4 cells, other regions of the gut, and CD8 T cell gut senescence in aging and HIV disease) is needed to further elucidate this relationship. We then describe the development and optimization of a novel protocol to test our hypothesis of compartment-specific differences of in vitro proliferative dynamics of CD8 T cells. The protocol involves a 5 day culture of mononuclear leukocyte populations from blood and gut, respectively, labeled with CFSE and BrdU and stimulated with anti-CD2/3/28-linked microbeads. The specific experimental variables we have optimized include: mode of T cell stimulation, CFSE concentration, inclusion of second proliferation marker BrdU, culture duration, initial cell concentration and inclusion of autologous irradiated feeder cells. Finally, we transition back to peripheral blood in order to examine a link between peripheral blood T cell senescence and a mild presentation of Kaposi's sarcoma in treated HIV-infected subjects with long-term suppression of HIV replication. This study indicates these subjects exhibit some features of immunosenescence relative to treated controls without sarcoma (increased frequency of CD57+ and CD28- CD4 and CD8 T cells, decreased proportion of naïve CD27+CD28+CD45RA+ CD4 and CD8 cells, increased expression of CCR5 in CD4 and CD8 T cells), indicating immunologic perturbations associated with immune senescence might be casually associated with development of this disease. Together, results from this research further our understanding of CD8 T cell senescence, especially in the rectosigmoid colon region of the GALT, and pave the way for further research elucidating the relationship of CD8 T cell immunosenescence and pathologies such as aging, HIV disease and Kaposi's sarcoma.
Download or read book The Human Gut Microbiome written by Josué Pérez Santiago and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human gut microbiome plays an essential role in the maturation and maintenance of the gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), yet how the composition of this microbiome assists in this function is not completely understood. Most previous gut flora studies have been limited since they required the isolation and cultivation of microbes, and many of the gut microbes cannot be cultured. The advent of next generation sequencing has improved the identification of the composition of the human gut microbiome, but these techniques require better methods for analyzing these high dimensional data. To overcome these bioinformatics challenges, a pipeline was developed and applied for the study of the gut microbiome during Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. The hallmark of HIV infection is the depletion of CD4 T cells, particularly in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This depletion compromises gut integrity and results in the translocation of microbial products into the bloodstream. Using next generation sequencing, we found that during untreated HIV infection, gut bacterial profiles segregated 11 participants according to their systemic lymphocyte percentages (Group 1 : median CD4% = 9.5% vs. Group 2 : median CD4% = 33%). Additionally, regression analyses showed that Lactobacillales in the distal gut were associated with higher CD4 counts and CD4%, less immune activation, less viral replication, less gut T cell proliferation and less microbial translocation in untreated and treated HIV infection. Changes of gut bacterial populations may reflect gut immune health and therefore interventions targeted to gut microbiota might help rebuild gut integrity during HIV infection.
Download or read book Nerve Immune Interaction in Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue written by Leah Mary O'Brien and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
