Download or read book Human Engineering Aspects of Radar Air Traffic Control written by Lowell M. Schipper and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Traffic Control System Effectiveness as a Function of the Division of Responsibility Between Pilots and Ground Controllers written by J. S. Kidd and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Factors In Air Traffic Control written by V. D. Hopkin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text discusses the skills and abilities that air-traffic controllers need. Its approach is international as air-traffic control practices throughout the world have to be mutually compatible and agreed.
Download or read book A Comparison of Two Methods of Controller Training in Simulated Air Traffic Control Task written by J. S. Kidd and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Improvement in performance with training in a complex task of radar air traffic control was compared under a condition of constant high input load during training vs. a condition of graduated input load during training. Relative input load was defined as the number of aircraft under the control of a single pattern-feeder operator. The test performance of controllers trained under constant high input load was superior on several criteria to that of controllers trained under the graduated input load condition. An explanation was proposed in terms of the heightened frequency of feedback of knowledge of performance experienced by the high constant input load group."--Abstract.
Download or read book The Effect of Enroute Flow Control on Terminal System Performance written by J. S. Kidd and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of the experiment was to determine the effect of regularization of approach traffic in time, place, and sequence upon the safety and efficiency of a terminal system. Enroute flow-control facilities were simulated by arrivals at the terminal boundary. The terminal system was manned by a two-man pattern-feeder control team. Six pairs of experienced USAF controllers participated. The control zone included two landing fields and each controller handled aircraft destined for each of these fields. Data were recorded for a total of 2880 movements of mixed types. The results and conclusions of the experiment are as follows: 1. Traffic input regularization in time, place, and sequence relative to the controller who accepted the traffic had an insignificant effect on terminal system performance. 2. Human controllers can provide the flexibility necessary to accommodate widely varying input entropy."--Abstract.
Download or read book The Use of Displays Showing Identity Versus No identity written by Lowell M. Schipper and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This experiment is the sixth in a series of system studies dealing with various aspects of air traffic control. The purpose was to evaluate the performance of a one-controller system with (a) an omnipresent clock-type identity code vs. (b) the absence of identity on the radar blips. Data were recorded for a total of 1267 movements of jet-type fighter and bomber aircraft, which were accepted at four different entry rates. Four experienced USAF controllers served in the study. No conflicts (failures to achieve specified separations) and no missed approaches occurred at the slowest input rate (an average of one aircraft every 105 sec.), but a few conflicts and go-arounds (about 3%) occurred at the higher rates. This decrease in safety margin was most notable at the highest rate (60-sec. separation). Measures of fuel consumption and control time in moving aircraft through a zone of 50-mi. radius around the GCA gate showed significant superiority for the system that provided aircraft identity. An analysis of communications from controllers to pilots also showed small reductions in communications under the identity condition."--Abstract.
Download or read book Air Traffic Control System Effectiveness as a Function of the Division of Responsibility Between Pilots and Ground Controllers written by J. S. Kidd and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Division of Responsibility Between Two Controllers and Load Balancing Flexibility in a Radar Approach Control Team written by J. S. Kidd and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The general problem of optimum division of duties between two or more men who are performing essentially the same functions in a complex man-machine system was investigated. Six two-man pattern-feeder control teams were employed in an experiment which was designed to evaluate three methods of control assignment and two procedures for exchange of control assignment in a simulated radar approach control system. Assignment of control on the basis of aircraft destination was found to be superior to assignment by alternation or assignment by sector of entry. There was some evidence that, a condition of partial restraint on the exchange option impaired system performance, although the data were not conclusive. An explanatory principle based on the balance of demand on operator capacity across task segments was suggested as one which was compatible with the data."--Abstract.
Download or read book A Summary of Research Methods Operator Characteristics and System Design Specifications Based on the Study of a Simulated Radar Air Traffic Control System written by J. S. Kidd and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report summarizes fourteen laboratory studies of human engineering aspects of radar air traffic control systems. It includes a review of methodological developments and empirical findings. Human operator characteristics consistently observed in the task setting employed are presented, along with recommendations for system design and system management based on the experimental findings. Comments regarding the future potential of this type of research in dealing with significant human factor problems are also included."--Abstract
Download or read book Human Engineering Aspects of Radar Air Traffic Control written by and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Bibliography of Aerospace Medical Division Reports in the Fields of Engineering Psychology and Training Psycholohy 1945 1960 written by United States. Wright Air Development Division. Behavioral Sciences Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Bibliography of Aerospace Medical Division Reports in the Fields of Engineering Psychology and Training Psychology 1945 1960 written by United States. Air Force Department and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flight to the Future written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-01-28 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the strong safety record of the national airspace system, serious disruptions occasionally occur, often as a result of outdated or failed equipment. Under these circumstances, safety relies on the skills of the controllers and pilots and on reducing the number of aircraft in the air. The current and growing pressures to increase the capacity to handle a greater number of flights has led to a call for faster and more powerful equipment and for equipment that can take over some of the tasks now being performed by humans. Increasing the role of automation in air traffic control may provide a more efficient system, but will human controllers be able to effectively take over when problems occur? This comprehensive volume provides a baseline of knowledge about the capabilities and limitations of humans relative to the variety of functions performed in air traffic control. It focuses on balancing safety with the expeditious flow of air traffic, identifying lessons from past air accidents. The book discusses: The function of the national airspace system and the procedures for hiring, training, and evaluating controllers. Decisionmaking, memory, alertness, vigilance, sleep patterns during shift work, communication, and other factors in controllers' performance. Research on automation and human factors in air traffic control and incorporation of findings into the system. The Federal Aviation Administration's management of the air traffic control system and its dual mandate to promote safety and the development of air commerce. This book also offers recommendations for evaluation the human role in automated air traffic control systems and for managing the introduction of automation into current facilities and operations. It will be of interest to anyone concerned about air safetyâ€"policymakers, regulators, air traffic managers and controllers, airline officials, and passenger advocates.
Download or read book Human Engineering Aspects of Radar Air Traffic Control written by Lowell M. Schipper and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The present experiment is the fourth in a series of studies using the OSU Air Traffic Control Simulator. Experiments I, II, and III investigated the effects on system performance of different TRAFFIC and DISPLAY variables. This experiment was principally concerned with the evaluation of two types of two-man control procedures, an ORGANIZATION variable, according to criteria of safety and efficiency. Two novice controllers worked alternately with a highly-skilled controller under two conditions of heavy traffic flow. The independent variables, type of system, novice controllers, and rate of traffic entry were manipulated in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement which provided for tests of significance between all three independent variables and their interactions. A return-to-base mission of 26 jet aircraft of both bomber and fighter types was simulated. These aircraft entered the traffic area approximately 60 naut. mi. from touchdown at partially randomized positions and times and at altitudes between 25,000 and 40,000 ft. In the more difficult problems, aircraft entered at the average rate of one per minute. In problems at the slower of the two rates, aircraft entered at an average rate of one every 90 sec. All measures of system efficiency except Estimated Excess Delay Build-Up showed no differences between Systems, Controllers, or Rates of Entry. The delay criterion indicated a statistically significant difference between the two novice controllers in terms of time over and above a theoretical minimum landing time. Approximately equal numbers of conflicts (less than 30-sec. GCA gate separation) were found with both systems. Although one is not justified in extrapolating on the basis of the data for the two levels studied, there is a definite suggestion that at rates still higher than the 60 per hour, the Sector system of control may prove to be significantly superior to the In-Line system. At the two rates used here there were no statistically significant differences between the systems. However, at the higher of the two rates the Sector system showed a slight superiority with all measures of system efficiency. Only one of these two procedures (In-Line Control) is used extensively in present-day military air traffic control centers; it appears that the Sector system should be given extensive operational tests as an alternative procedure."--Abstract.
Download or read book Human Engineering written by Defense Documentation Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Traffic Control Human Performance Factors written by Anne R. Isaac and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Foreword by Captain Daniel Maurino, ICAO: '...Air Traffic Control...will remain a technology-intensive system. People (controllers) must harmoniously interact with technology to contribute to achieve the aviation system’s goals of safe and efficient transportation of passengers and cargo...This book...considers human error and human factors from a contemporary and operational perspective and discusses the parts as well as the whole...I hope you enjoy reading it as much as I did.' The motivation for writing this book comes from the author’s long standing belief that the needs of Air Traffic Service personnel are inadequately represented in the aviation literature. There are few references to air traffic control in many of the books written for pilots and about pilots and this is also observed at the main international conferences. In line with the ICAO syllabus for human factors training for air traffic controllers, the book covers the main issues in air traffic control, with regard to human performance: physiology including stress, fatigue and shift work problems; psychology with emphasis on human error and its management, social psychology including issues of communication and working in teams, the environment including ergonomic principles and working with new technologies and hardware and software issues including the development of documentation and procedures and a study of the changes brought about by advanced technologies. Throughout the text there are actual examples taken from the air traffic control environment to illustrate the issues discussed. A full bibliography is included for those who want to read beyond these issues. It has been written for all in air traffic services, from ab initio to the boardroom; it is important that the men and women in senior management positions have some knowledge and awareness of the fundamental problems that limit and enhance human performance.
Download or read book Air Traffic Control Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
