Download or read book Human Development Report 1990 written by United Nations Development Programme and published by Human Development Report. This book was released on 1990 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First in a series of annual reports, this volume is about people and about how development enlarges their choices--access to income, long life, knowledge, political freedom, personal security, community participation, and guaranteed human rights. It measures human development not by the yardstick of income alone, but by the human development index--reflecting life expectancy, literacy and command over resources to enjoy a decent standard of living. The report analyzes the record of human development for the last three decades and the experience of 14 countries in managing economic growth and human development. The volume concludes with human development indicators for more than 130 countries, both developing and developed. ISBN 0-19-306481-X (pbk.): $15.95.
Download or read book Advancing Human Development written by Frances Stewart and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Development is a prime goal of many development strategies. This book explains what Human Development is, and how it emerged from previous development methods. By exploring developments over the last forty years, it explains what makes for success and failure, and how progress has been made across the globe.
Download or read book Human Development Report 1999 written by United Nations Development Programme and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Download or read book Human Development Report 1993 written by United Nations Development Programme and published by Human Development Report. This book was released on 1993 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its headline-making debut, the Human Development Report has become an essential resource for development specialists, economists, and political scientists around the world. While previous Human Development Reports focused on investment in people, the 1993 Report not only updates the findings of the earlier volumes, but shifts the focus towards the "other" side of human development--mobilizing and utilizing human potential. The Report surveys the instruments for enhancing and encouraging participatory patterns of development, including privatization and participatory market structures, vertical and horizontal decentralization of government functions, devolution of government powers, enterprise decentralization, involvement of NGOs and other grass-roots organizations, and empowerment of people. It probes the vital connections between employment and development, and offers a global framework for employment that takes into account the growing pressure for international migration. In addition, it examines links between human development and international markets for ucts, capital, and labor, and presents updated human development indicators for more than 160 countries.
Download or read book Human Development Report 1994 written by United Nations Development Programme and published by Human Development Report. This book was released on 1994 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expounds a new concept of human security- one that focuses on the security of people in their homes, in their jobs, in their communities and in their environment.
Download or read book Human Development Report 2007 2008 written by United Nations Development Programme and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-11-29 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year's Human Development Report explains why we have less than a decade to change course and start living within our global carbon budget, and how climate change will create long-run low human development traps, pushing vulnerable people into a downward spiral of deprivation.
Download or read book An Introduction to the Human Development and Capability Approach written by Séverine Deneulin and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2009 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book World Development Report 2008 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-10-15 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's demand for food is expected to double within the next 50 years, while the natural resources that sustain agriculture will become increasingly scarce, degraded, and vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In many poor countries, agriculture accounts for at least 40 percent of GDP and 80 percent of employment. At the same time, about 70 percent of the world's poor live in rural areas and most depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. 'World Development Report 2008' seeks to assess where, when, and how agriculture can be an effective instrument for economic development, especially development that favors the poor. It examines several broad questions: How has agriculture changed in developing countries in the past 20 years? What are the important new challenges and opportunities for agriculture? Which new sources of agricultural growth can be captured cost effectively in particular in poor countries with large agricultural sectors as in Africa? How can agricultural growth be made more effective for poverty reduction? How can governments facilitate the transition of large populations out of agriculture, without simply transferring the burden of rural poverty to urban areas? How can the natural resource endowment for agriculture be protected? How can agriculture's negative environmental effects be contained? This year's report marks the 30th year the World Bank has been publishing the 'World Development Report'.
Download or read book Reflections on Human Development written by Mahbub ul Haq and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1995-08-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work explores a new development paradigm whose central focus is on human well-being. Increase in income is treated as an essential means, but not as the end of development, and certainly not as the sum of human life. Development policies and strategies are discussed which link economic growth with human lives in various societies. The book also analyzes the evolution of a new Human Development Index which is a far more comprehensive measure of socio-economic progress of nations than the traditional measure of Gross National Product. For the first time, a Political Freedom Index is also presented. The book offers a new vision of human security for the twenty-first century where real security is equated with security of people in their homes, their jobs, their communities, and their environment. The book discusses many concrete proposals in this context, including a global compact to overcome the worst aspects of global poverty within a decade, key reforms in the Bretton Woods institutions of World Bank and IMF, and establishment of a new Economic Security Council within the United Nations.
Download or read book Human Development Report 2019 written by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequalities in human development are a roadblock to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. They are not just about disparities in income and wealth. They cannot be accounted for simply by using summary measures of inequality that focus on a single dimension. And they will shape the prospects of people that may live to see the 22nd century. The 2019 Report explores inequalities in human development by going beyond income, beyond averages and beyond today. It asks what forms of inequality matter and what drives them, recognizing that pernicious inequalities are generally better thought of as a symptom of broader problems in a society and economy. It also asks what policies can tackle those driverspolicies that can simultaneously help nations to grow their economies, improve human development and reduce inequality.
Download or read book Development as Freedom written by Amartya Sen and published by Anchor. This book was released on 2011-05-25 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the winner of the 1988 Nobel Prize in Economics, an essential and paradigm-altering framework for understanding economic development--for both rich and poor--in the twenty-first century. Freedom, Sen argues, is both the end and most efficient means of sustaining economic life and the key to securing the general welfare of the world's entire population. Releasing the idea of individual freedom from association with any particular historical, intellectual, political, or religious tradition, Sen clearly demonstrates its current applicability and possibilities. In the new global economy, where, despite unprecedented increases in overall opulence, the contemporary world denies elementary freedoms to vast numbers--perhaps even the majority of people--he concludes, it is still possible to practically and optimistically restain a sense of social accountability. Development as Freedom is essential reading.
Download or read book World Development Report 2009 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-11-04 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rising densities of human settlements, migration and transport to reduce distances to market, and specialization and trade facilitated by fewer international divisions are central to economic development. The transformations along these three dimensions density, distance, and division are most noticeable in North America, Western Europe, and Japan, but countries in Asia and Eastern Europe are changing in ways similar in scope and speed. 'World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography' concludes that these spatial transformations are essential, and should be encouraged. The conclusion is not without controversy. Slum-dwellers now number a billion, but the rush to cities continues. Globalization is believed to benefit many, but not the billion people living in lagging areas of developing nations. High poverty and mortality persist among the world's 'bottom billion', while others grow wealthier and live longer lives. Concern for these three billion often comes with the prescription that growth must be made spatially balanced. The WDR has a different message: economic growth is seldom balanced, and efforts to spread it out prematurely will jeopardize progress. The Report: documents how production becomes more concentrated spatially as economies grow. proposes economic integration as the principle for promoting successful spatial transformations. revisits the debates on urbanization, territorial development, and regional integration and shows how today's developers can reshape economic geography.
Download or read book World Development Report 2010 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-11-06 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the crowded field of climate change reports, 'WDR 2010' uniquely: emphasizes development; takes an integrated look at adaptation and mitigation; highlights opportunities in the changing competitive landscape; and proposes policy solutions grounded in analytic work and in the context of the political economy of reform.
Download or read book Poverty and Development written by S. M. Ravi Kanbur and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book World Development Report 2019 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.
Download or read book World Development Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is about the poor. It is thus about the fundamental issue in economic development: the eradication of poverty from the world. The report defines poverty in broad terms, to include literacy, nutrition, and health, as well as income. The evidence suggests that rapid and politically sustainable progress on poverty has been achieved by pursuing a strategy with two equally important elements. The first is to promote the efficient use of the poor's most abundant asset: labor. It calls for policies that harness market incentives, social and political institutions, infrastructure and technology. The second element is the provision of basic social services to the poor (e.g. primary health care, family planning, nutrition, and primary education). The report concludes that eliminating poverty altogether is not a realistic goal for the 1990s, but that reducing it greatly is entirely possible. Using plausible assumptions about the global economic environment, and with some policy improvements, the report projects a fall of one third in the number of people in poverty by the year 2000.
Download or read book World Development Report 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global value chains (GVCs) powered the surge of international trade after 1990 and now account for almost half of all trade. This shift enabled an unprecedented economic convergence: poor countries grew rapidly and began to catch up with richer countries. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, however, the growth of trade has been sluggish and the expansion of GVCs has stalled. Meanwhile, serious threats have emerged to the model of trade-led growth. New technologies could draw production closer to the consumer and reduce the demand for labor. And trade conflicts among large countries could lead to a retrenchment or a segmentation of GVCs. World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains examines whether there is still a path to development through GVCs and trade. It concludes that technological change is, at this stage, more a boon than a curse. GVCs can continue to boost growth, create better jobs, and reduce poverty provided that developing countries implement deeper reforms to promote GVC participation; industrial countries pursue open, predictable policies; and all countries revive multilateral cooperation.
