Download or read book HPV Infection and Prevention of HPV Infection in Men Who Have Sex with Men MSM written by Corinna Sadlier and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research landscape in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has evolved rapidly since the causal association between the virus and cervical cancer was made in the 1970s. Cervical screening programmes have resulted in a dramatic decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer. The first vaccine for HPV was licensed in 2006 with real-world data demonstrating high levels of vaccine efficacy.
Download or read book Human Papillomavirus and Genital Warts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Papillomavirus Infection in HIV seropositive Men who Have Sex with Men in Both the United States and India written by Alexandra Lydia Hernandez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Human papillomavirus infection in HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men in both the United States and India: Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for infection by Alexandra Lydia Hernandez Doctor of Philosophy in Epidemiology University of California, Berkeley Professor Arthur Reingold, Chair Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of anal cancer compared with the general population. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly HPV 16, causes anal cancer. The prevalence of anal HPV infection among HIV-infected men in the US is>90% but little is known about the risk factors for prevalence, and incidence of or the risk factors for type-specific anal HPV infection . There is also limited knowledge about anal HPV infection among HIV-infected MSM in India, although the background incidence of HPV-related cancers in both men and women is high in India. Indian HIV-infected MSM may be at especially high risk for anal HPV infection and HPV-associated disease. My aim was to determine the prevalence and incidence of and risk factors for anal HPV infection among two populations of HIV-infected MSM, one from San Francisco and the second from India. The San Francisco population was two-year longitudinal study and allowed for both prevalence and incidence analysis; the India study was cross-sectional in design and allowed only for a prevalence analysis. The prevalence of anal HPV infection among HIV-infected MSM in San Francisco was 92%, 80% had oncogenic types and 42% had HPV 16. A higher number of total life-time partners was associated with increased prevalence of HPV 16. The incidence of any anal HPV infection was 21.3 per 100 person-years (PY) and 3.5/100 for HPV 16. A higher number of recent partners with whom the participant was the receptive partner was associated with a higher incidence of any anal HPV infection. New receptive partners, more frequent receptive sex, and new oral-anal contact partners was also associated with a higher incidence of any anal HPV infection. The prevalence of anal HPV infection among HIV-infected Indian MSM was 71%, and ever having receptive anal intercourse and higher number of receptive partners increased prevalence. "Almost always" condom use with receptive anal intercourse decreased prevalence of anal HPV infection among HIV-infected Indian MSM. In conclusions, HIV-infected MSM in both San Francisco and India have high prevalences of anal HPV infection and the incidence of anal HPV among these men in San Francisco is also high. The most important risk factors for infection are total number of male partners and receptive anal intercourse. Condoms may protect against anal HPV infection, but further research is needed to confirm results. HIV-infected MSM should be counseled on safe sex practices with all partners and encouraged to receive the recently recommended HPV vaccine.
Download or read book The Epidemiology of Human Papillomavirus in HIV negative and HIV infected Men who Have Sex with Men written by Sofie Hilde Mooij and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis studied the epidemiology and seroepidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) among HIV-negative and HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Anal, penile, and oral HPV prevalence and incidence were high, in particular among HIV-infected MSM. Clearance of anal HPV infection was lower among HIV-infected compared to HIV-negative MSM. HIV infection was strongly associated with HPV infection, independent of sexual behavior and other possible confounders. However, within HIV-infected MSM no association between increasing level of immunosuppression (i.e., low CD4 T-cell count) and HPV infection was observed. Furthermore, HPV seroprevalence was high, especially among MSM with HIV infection or anal HPV infection. In longitudinal analyses incident or persistent anal HPV infections were the main drivers of type-specific HPV seroconversion. HPV seropositivity, however, did not seem to protect adult, sexually active MSM from subsequent type-specific HPV infection. Future research should focus on increasing insight in the effect of HIV-related immunosuppression on HPV infection and sequelae, the function of naturally induced HPV antibodies, and optimizing HPV prevention strategies."--Samenvatting auteur.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Download or read book The Fenway Guide to Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender Health written by Harvey J. Makadon and published by ACP Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Fenway Guide to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health is the first truly comprehensive clinical reference to enhancing the health care and wellness of LGBT patients. Written by leading experts in the field and created in conjunction with Fenway Community Health of Boston, one of America's most respected community-based research and treatment centers, this one-of-a kind resource examines the unique issues faced by sexual minority patients and provides readers with clear and authoritative guidance." -- Book Jacket.
Download or read book HPV and Cancer written by James A. Radosevich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-14 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “HPV and Cancer” is a concise read that covers all aspects of the Human Papilloma Virus as it relates to human cancers. While written by professionals, it design to be understandable by those that are not in the field, yet it has the technical details that professionals want to stay abreast of this changing field. The book starts out the history of HPV and progresses into the molecular biology of the virus and our current understand of the structure and functions of the proteins and genes it encodes. We then look at the dynamic trends of this infectious agent in the human population, how it interacts with human cells, and the role it plays with other organisms to produce both benign and malignant tumors. Lastly, there is a discussion about a new vaccine for HPV and the hopes that are held by many to change the trends with this virus and the associated cancers it produces.
Download or read book Sexually Transmitted Infections written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-12-24 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One in five people in the United States had a sexually transmitted infection (STI) on any given day in 2018, totaling nearly 68 million estimated infections. STIs are often asymptomatic (especially in women) and are therefore often undiagnosed and unreported. Untreated STIs can have severe health consequences, including chronic pelvic pain, infertility, miscarriage or newborn death, and increased risk of HIV infection, genital and oral cancers, neurological and rheumatological effects. In light of this, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through the National Association of County and City Health Officials, commissioned the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to examine the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provide recommendations for action. In 1997, the Institute of Medicine released a report, The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Although significant scientific advances have been made since that time, many of the problems and barriers described in that report persist today; STIs remain an underfunded and comparatively neglected field of public health practice and research. The committee reviewed the current state of STIs in the United States, and the resulting report, Sexually Transmitted Infections: Advancing a Sexual Health Paradigm, provides advice on future public health programs, policy, and research.
Download or read book MSM HPV written by Niel Glas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Canadian Immunization Guide written by Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization.
Download or read book Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection In HIV Infected And Uninfected Men Who Have Sex With Men written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Oral Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is rare in the general population (7%), whereas is common in high-risk individuals. Infection by carcinogenic HPVs, in particular HPV16, plays a role in the development of oropharyngeal cancer. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of Oral HPV in Men At Risk (OHMAR Project) enrolled in a longitudinal study.Methods: Oral HPV infection was evaluated in oral rinse and gargles of HIV-infected and uninfected men who have sex with men (MSM) attending an STI/HIV centre in Rome (Italy). The Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test was used to detect HPV DNA. Results: 193 HIV-uninfected and 117 HIV-infected MSM (94.0% under cART, 93.6% with undetectable HIV-1-RNA) participated. Oral HPV was detected in 17.1% and 23.9% of the subjects, respectively (p=0.14). Carcinogenic HPVs were found in 10.9% and 10.3% of the HIV-uninfected and infected MSM, respectively (p=0.86). Prevalence of the genotypes included in the quadrivalent vaccine was 5.7% and 6.0%, respectively (p=0.92).HIV-infected MSM with >50 receptive oral sex lifetime partners (vs. u226450) were significantly more likely to be HPV-positive (AOR: 6.84, 95% CI: 2.12-22.06, p
Download or read book The New Public Health and STD HIV Prevention written by Sevgi O. Aral and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite effective approaches to prevention, STD and HIV infection rates remain fairly constant. Targeting, implementation, and monitoring of interventions have posed widespread problems, and the recent spate of cuts to prevention budgets has made these roadblocks even more challenging. It is clear that working in sexual health requires both a deeper understanding of STI/HIV epidemiology and an ongoing quest for up-to-date, realistic prevention strategies. The New Public Health and STD/HIV Prevention offers readers leading-edge access to both. Focusing on social determinants of sexual health, at-risk populations, critical factors in approaches to prevention, and reviews of new research, this authoritative volume explores areas as varied as HPV prevention, technology-based interventions, migration as a factor in disease transmission, and competencies key to effective leadership in the field. Dispatches from the frontlines of theory, research, and practice in the U.S. and abroad include: Personal risk, public impact: balancing individual rights and STD/HIV prevention. Distribution of prevention resources and its impact on sexual health. Prevention measures in diverse populations of women. Toward a better approach to preventive interventions with men who have sex with men. Adolescent sexual health and STIs. Reducing disparities in sexual health: lessons from the campaign to eliminate infectious syphilis. Public health professionals of all backgrounds interested in or working in improving sexual health will find The New Public Health and STD/HIV Prevention an indispensable guide to conceptualizing the problems and clarifying possible solutions.
Download or read book Current Perspectives in Human Papillomavirus written by and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-05-02 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comprehensive overview of recent advances in human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, as well as general concepts of infections, immunopathology, diagnosis, treatment, epidemiology, and etiology. It examines current clinical recommendations in the management of HPV, highlighting the ongoing issues, recent advances, and future directions in diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies. The book focuses on various aspects and properties of HPV, whose deep understanding is very important for safeguarding the human race from further loss of resources and economies due to HPV infection. I hope that this work will increase the interest in this field of research and that the readers will find it useful for their investigations, management, and clinical usage.
Download or read book Sexually Transmitted Diseases written by National Center for Prevention Services (U.S.). Division of STD/HIV Prevention and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vaccine Preventable Anal Infections By Human Papillomavirus Among HIV Uninfected Men Who Have Sex With Men written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for anal HPV infection and anal cancer. A quadrivalent (4vHPV, HPV 6, 11, 16, 18) and a nonavalent (9vHPV, HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58) HPV vaccine are available for the prevention of ano-genital warts, anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer in men. We estimated the prevalence of the vaccine-preventable HPV genotypes targeted by the 4vHPV and 9vHPV vaccines among sexually active HIV-uninfected MSM attending the largest STI centre in Rome (Italy).Methods: Anal specimens collected in PreservCyt were analyzed using the Linear Array HPV Genotyping test. Prevalence of the vaccine-preventable HPVs was estimated overall and by age class.Results: 443 individuals were enrolled (median age: 32, IQR: 27-39). Anal HPV infection was detected in 319/443 subjects (72.0%). At least one of the 4vHPV types was detected in 34.1% of the participants, whereas 46.0% harbored at least one of the 9vHPV. The presence of at least one of the five additional types included in the 9vHPV was evidenced in 21.2% of the MSM. None of the participants was positive for all the HPVs included in the 4vHPV or for >5 of the 9vHPV types. HPV16 represented the most prevalent vaccine type (77/443, 17.4%). The highest prevalence for the 4vHPV types was found in MSM aged 30-34 years (39.0%), while the highest rate of 9vHPV types was observed in those aged 35-39 (51.2%). Neither for the 4vHPV nor the 9vHPV, the prevalence changed significantly by age (chi-square: 1.65, p= 0.20 and chi-square: 1.02, p= 0.31, respectively).Conclusion: A considerable proportion of HIV-uninfected MSM may have never been infected with vaccine-preventable HPV types and would thus benefit from the vaccination, although the preventive potential of the HPV vaccines in older MSM needs to be evaluated.
Download or read book SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF HPV VACCI written by Tian Guan and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Systematic Review of HPV Vaccine Acceptability Among Males" by Tian, Guan, 管天, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Introduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) disease nowadays in the world and it actually infects in both sexes. HPV prevalence in men was reported to be over 20% in most studies, and the number is much higher among men having sex with men (MSM) either HIV positive or negative. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the Gardasil-one of the HPV vaccines brand-in the USA in 2009 for use on males' aged 9-26 years and it is proved to be effective in preventing genital warts and anal cancer. However, little study has been conducted to demonstrate a better situation of the acceptability on HPV vaccination among males. Objectives: To explore the acceptability of HPV vaccine among males by combining acceptability and attitude analyses targeted adult males and adolescent boys' parents. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted to search for literatures that demonstrate acceptability analyses of HPV vaccination that contains males, by searching in MEDLINE, Google Scholar and CNKI using relevant keywords. English and Chinese articles published from 2009 to 2015 that talking about men ages over 9 years old were selected. Results: Twelve qualified articles, 7 were conducted in the United States, 1 in Hong Kong, 2 in mainland China, 1 in Korea and 1 in Canada were selected in this systematic review. The acceptability of HPV vaccination was not the same among these articles; the different acceptance level might be due to region, age, price and sexual preference. Three of the twelve articles were targeted local population; and compared to other countries, vaccine acceptability is generally lower in Hong Kong and Mainland China. Four of the twelve articles targeted parents' attitude on HPV vaccination of their adolescent sons; parents would be more willing to get their son's vaccinated if the vaccine were cheaper. The other eight articles targeted adult males showed that MSM group has a lower acceptance than the general society. Discussion: The two factors mentioned most among the 12 studies were sexually and financially related. The group of men having sex with men has a relatively high prevalence of HPV infection in anus leading to anal cancer. Due to MSM group's high prevalence of HPV infection, sexual preference might be a major factor for vaccine acceptability. However, research shows a rare acceptability among them. Price has a significant impact in HPV vaccination acceptance in all articles despite of region, ethnic, age or sexual preference since the vaccine is expensive. Several cost-effective analyses indicate that HPV vaccine for males might not be cost-effective, but more investigations are needed. Subjects: Papillomavirus vaccines
Download or read book HPV written by Michelle Harris and published by Greenhaven Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2018-07-15 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although human papillomavirus, or HPV, is the most common sexually transmitted disease, many people are unaware of the effects it can have. Its symptoms are generally mild compared to other diseases, and many times, no symptoms are present, leading to the mistaken belief that HPV is not serious. However, it can cause several types of cancer in both men and women, so knowledge of how to prevent and treat it is crucial. Through informative sidebars, annotated quotes from medical experts, and detailed graphs, readers learn the true risks of this disease and what precautions they can take to protect themselves.
