Download or read book How does nonpharmacological care affect newborn infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome written by Colleen Ovelman and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2023-07-10 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes the published Cochrane Review, “Non-pharmacological Care for Opioid Withdrawal in Newborns,” by A. Pahl, L. Young, M. E. Buus-Frank, L. Marcellus, and R. Soll (https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013217.pub2), and discusses it through a treatment policy and practice lens. The study population in the review included infants born at term (37 weeks’ gestation or greater) and late preterm (34 weeks’ gestation to 37 weeks’ gestation) who had a known or suspected prenatal exposure to opioids or who were exhibiting symptoms consistent with opioid withdrawal in the first 7 days of life. Nonpharmacological interventions included a wide range of care and were broadly categorized as: modification of environmental stimulation, feeding practices, and support of the mother-infant dyad. The review found that randomized controlled trials, identified in searches conducted in October 2019, did not provide enough evidence regarding clinically meaningful outcomes. However, recently published trial data suggest that “Eat, Sleep, Console,” an individualized, trauma-informed, family-centered nonpharmacological approach to care, can reduce the number of days an infant experiencing symptoms consistent with opioid withdrawal requires in-hospital care.

Download or read book Opioid Use Disorders in Pregnancy written by Tricia E. Wright and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-10 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gain guidance and support when treating the high-risk population of women confronting (or battling) opioid-use disorders during pregnancy.

Download or read book Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Save Lives written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-06-16 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The opioid crisis in the United States has come about because of excessive use of these drugs for both legal and illicit purposes and unprecedented levels of consequent opioid use disorder (OUD). More than 2 million people in the United States are estimated to have OUD, which is caused by prolonged use of prescription opioids, heroin, or other illicit opioids. OUD is a life-threatening condition associated with a 20-fold greater risk of early death due to overdose, infectious diseases, trauma, and suicide. Mortality related to OUD continues to escalate as this public health crisis gathers momentum across the country, with opioid overdoses killing more than 47,000 people in 2017 in the United States. Efforts to date have made no real headway in stemming this crisis, in large part because tools that already existâ€"like evidence-based medicationsâ€"are not being deployed to maximum impact. To support the dissemination of accurate patient-focused information about treatments for addiction, and to help provide scientific solutions to the current opioid crisis, this report studies the evidence base on medication assisted treatment (MAT) for OUD. It examines available evidence on the range of parameters and circumstances in which MAT can be effectively delivered and identifies additional research needed.

Download or read book Significance of Non Pharmacologic Treatment on Infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome written by Kristin Klutz and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incidence of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is increasing across the United States (Davidson and Schub, 2014). Researchers who performed a retrospective analysis of national hospital discharge data found that the annual rate of maternal opioid use increased nearly fivefold, and the incidence of NAS increased nearly threefold during the period 2000 to 2009 (Davidson and Schub, 2014). The onset of withdrawal symptoms in infants is dependent on what substances the infant was exposed to in utero as well as the amount. Infants that experience Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome require specialized care that includes pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic management. The current practice at Winchester Medical Center is to care for these infants on the post- partum unit while they room in with their mothers. Once the infant scores high enough to be started on pharmacologic treatment, they are then moved into the newborn nursery. This standard of practice is not beneficial to the infant because of the negative effects it has on the infant. Current research shows that non- pharmacologic management is just as important in the recovery of infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome as pharmacologic management. Davidson and Schub (2014) discussed the importance of reducing sensory stimulation, which included dimming the lights, swaddling, and prone positioning. Their study showed that breastfeeding for at least 72 hours after birth reduces the severity of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome symptoms and decreases the need for pharmacologic treatment (Davidson and Schub, 2014). This project will attempt to determine the effects of pharmacologic versus nonpharmacologic treatment on infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. The implementation will begin by educating patients and all staff affected by this change. Regular meetings will be held with management and staff, as well as the implementation team in order to ensure all questions are answered. Doing so will ensure that all questions are addressed and suggestions are able to be made. The practice change of improving the environment of infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome will then take effect with constant monitoring and evaluation by the implementation team. Results will be evaluated each month and changes will be made as necessary to guarantee that the unit is following best- practice.

Download or read book Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome written by Cynthia Woods and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is a condition affecting neonates who have been exposed to illicit or prescription drugs while in the womb. NAS, also known as newborn withdrawal syndrome, is a serious concern as the incidence of drug abuse in pregnancy is increasing, with a corresponding rise in infant withdrawal cases. The symptoms of NAS range from excessive crying and irritability to seizures and death; the average hospital stay is from one week to several months, depending upon the gravity of the symptoms. There is a lack of evidence-based practices and standardized protocols to guide the management of care for these babies. Nonpharmacological nursing interventions, in addition to pharmacological treatments, are vital in the care of these infants. Non-pharmacological nursing interventions have been shown to decrease the severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome and reduce the amount of days in the hospital. Non-pharmacological treatments include: providing a quiet, dimly lit environment; swaddling; the use of pacifiers; holding the infant vertically when rocking; rubbing the baby instead of patting; kangaroo mother care; breastfeeding; and encouraging the rooming in of mother and child whenever feasibly possible. Establishing standardized nursing intervention protocols and providing appropriate training for the nursing staff are effective ways to treat NAS infants resulting in the positive outcome of decreased days in the hospital.

Download or read book Optimizing the Involvement of Women with Opioid Use Disorder in the Care of Their Infants Experiencing Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome written by Rebecca J. Boedeker and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incidence of opioid use disorder (OUD) has grown to epidemic proportions. Infants exposed to opioids inutero are likely to experience withdrawal symptoms during the hours and days immediately following birth, known as Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). Research indicates maximizing non-pharmacologic, supportive management decreases Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admissions, the length of stay, and the severity of NAS. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the effects of an antepartum consult designed to prepare mothers with OUD to participate in this nonpharmacologic care. The Women and Infants Substance Help (WISH) Center delivers prenatal care for women with OUD. Women receiving care at WISH were given an antenatal consult to inform them of the proposed plan of care for their infant after delivery. Outcomes were compared to mothers from WISH who did not receive the consult, to assess the consistency of mothers rooming-in and breastfeeding to treat NAS in the first 5-7 days, as measured by whether the mother roomed-in with her baby, the percentage of babies who received their mother’s milk, and the length of hospital stay for the baby. While there was a small improvement in these measures among the mothers who received the consult, it did not reach statistical significance. A secondary analysis supported existing studies which associated rooming-in and breastfeeding with shorter lengths of stay for infants. The overall success of this model of care warrants continuation. Further investigation is needed to identify and refine the factors which contribute to this success.

Download or read book Guidelines for the Identification and Management of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders in Pregnancy written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These guidelines have been developed to enable professionals to assist women who are pregnant, or have recently had a child, and who use alcohol or drugs or who have a substance use disorder, to achieve healthy outcomes for themselves and their fetus or infant. They have been developed in response to requests from organizations, institutions and individuals for technical guidance on the identification and management of alcohol, and other substance use and substance use disorders in pregnant women. They were developed in tandem with the WHO recommendations for the prevention and management of tobacco use and second-hand smoke exposure in pregnancy.

Download or read book Essentials of Anesthesia for Infants and Neonates written by Mary Ellen McCann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, comprehensive guide to the special needs of infants and neonates undergoing anesthesia.

Download or read book Ghosts from the Nursery written by Robin Karr-Morse and published by Open Road + Grove/Atlantic. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An “ominous and persuasive” study of when violence starts in child development—and the preventive measures to stop it (The New York Times Book Review). This new, revised edition incorporates significant advances in neurobiological research and includes a new introduction by Dr. Vincent J. Felitti, a leading researcher in the field. When Ghosts from the Nursery: Tracing the Roots of Violence was first published, it was lauded for providing scientific evidence that violence can originate in the womb and become entrenched in a child’s brain by preschool. The authors’ groundbreaking conclusions became even more relevant following the wave of school shootings across the nation including the tragedies at Columbine High School, Sandy Hook Elementary School, and shocking subsequent shootings. Following each of these, media coverage and public debate turned yet again to the usual suspects concerning the causes of violence: widespread availability of guns and lack of mental health services for late-stage treatment. Discussion of the impact of trauma on human life—especially early in life during chemical and structural formation of the brain—is missing from the equation. Karr-Morse and Wiley continue to shift the conversation among parents and policy makers toward more fundamental preventative measures against violence. “Karr-Morse and Wiley boldly raise some tough issues . . . [They] start with a grim question—why are children violent?—and they forge a passionate and cogent argument for focusing our collective energies on infancy and parenthood to stop the cycle of ruined lives.” —The Seattle Times

Download or read book Decreasing Pharmacotherapy and Transforming Care of Infants with Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome written by Glen R. Dopp (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opioid addiction has become an issue throughout the United States. The prevalence ofpharmacotherapy treatment in newborns withdrawing from opioids remains high in theUnited States, and each year millions of funds are spent caring for infants impacted byNeonatal Opiate Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS). The nurse practitioner (NP) identifiedand implemented a system change for the care and treatment of infants with NOWS alsoknown as Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). He also addresses complications withthe current Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome assessment tools and treatmentprotocol in a Midwest health care facility. The NP implemented a new system changecalled Eat, Sleep, and Console that included the creation of policies, protocols, andalgorithms; education of clinicians and families; and the formation of communitycollaborations to improve and support families of infants impacted by NOWS. Educationfor staff to break down biases and judgements was also provided and resulted in deliveryof effective, high quality, and culturally congruent care in an improved environment. Thenursing theory utilized to guide this system change was Dr. Leininger's Theory ofCultural Care Diversity and Universality, also known as the Cultural Care Theory. Theimplications of this system change resulted in reduction in pharmacotherapy and lengthof stay for infants suffering from NOWS.Keywo' rds: NOWS, NAS, neonatal abstinence syndrome, drug-addicted newborn,treatment of NAS, neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, MAT, suboxone/methadoneprogram, ESC, eat sleep console.

Download or read book Infectious Disease and Pharmacology written by William E. Benitz and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-06-25 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Richard Polin’s Neonatology Questions and Controversies series highlights the most challenging aspects of neonatal care, offering trustworthy guidance on up-to-date diagnostic and treatment options in the field. In each volume, renowned experts address the clinical problems of greatest concern to today’s practitioners, helping you handle difficult practice issues and provide optimal, evidence-based care to every patient. Stay fully up to date in this fast-changing field with Infectious Disease and Pharmacology, an all-new volume in the series. Thorough, up-to-date content on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcomes for neonatal-perinatal infections, including necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal HSV, and congenital Zika virus infection. The latest information on dosing of antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals. Current coverage of therapies for neonatal gastroesophageal reflux, seizures, neuroprotection, and neonatal abstinence syndrome, as well as pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic considerations in neonatal care. Consistent chapter organization to help you find information quickly and easily. The most authoritative advice available from world-class neonatologists who share their knowledge of new trends and developments in neonatal care. Purchase each volume individually, or get the entire 7-volume set! Gastroenterology and Nutrition Hematology, Immunology and Genetics Hemodynamics and Cardiology Infectious Disease and Pharmacology New Volume! Nephrology and Fluid/Electrolyte Physiology Neurology The Newborn Lung

Download or read book Network Meta Analysis for Decision Making written by Sofia Dias and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to network meta-analysis with examples and code In the evaluation of healthcare, rigorous methods of quantitative assessment are necessary to establish which interventions are effective and cost-effective. Often a single study will not provide the answers and it is desirable to synthesise evidence from multiple sources, usually randomised controlled trials. This book takes an approach to evidence synthesis that is specifically intended for decision making when there are two or more treatment alternatives being evaluated, and assumes that the purpose of every synthesis is to answer the question "for this pre-identified population of patients, which treatment is 'best'?" A comprehensive, coherent framework for network meta-analysis (mixed treatment comparisons) is adopted and estimated using Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods implemented in the freely available software WinBUGS. Each chapter contains worked examples, exercises, solutions and code that may be adapted by readers to apply to their own analyses. This book can be used as an introduction to evidence synthesis and network meta-analysis, its key properties and policy implications. Examples and advanced methods are also presented for the more experienced reader. Methods used throughout this book can be applied consistently: model critique and checking for evidence consistency are emphasised. Methods are based on technical support documents produced for NICE Decision Support Unit, which support the NICE Methods of Technology Appraisal. Code presented is also the basis for the code used by the ISPOR Task Force on Indirect Comparisons. Includes extensive carefully worked examples, with thorough explanations of how to set out data for use in WinBUGS and how to interpret the output. Network Meta-Analysis for Decision Making will be of interest to decision makers, medical statisticians, health economists, and anyone involved in Health Technology Assessment including the pharmaceutical industry.

Download or read book Current Therapy in Neonatal Perinatal Medicine 2 written by Nicholas M. Nelson and published by Mosby Incorporated. This book was released on 1990 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Rand UCLA Appropriateness Method User s Manual written by Kathryn Fitch and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2001 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health systems should function in such a way that the amount of inappropriate care is minimized, while at the same time stinting as little as possible on appropriate and necessary care. The ability to determine and identify which care is overused and which is underused is essential to this functioning. To this end, the "RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method" was developed in the 1980s. It has been further developed and refined in North America and, increasingly, in Europe. The rationale behind the method is that randomized clinical trials--the "gold standard" for evidence-based medicine--are generally either not available or cannot provide evidence at a level of detail sufficient to apply to the wide range of patients seen in everyday clinical practice. Although robust scientific evidence about the benefits of many procedures is lacking, physicians must nonetheless make decisions every day about when to use them. Consequently, a method was developed that combined the best available scientific evidence with the collective judgment of experts to yield a statement regarding the appropriateness of performing a procedure at the level of patient-specific symptoms, medical history, and test results. This manual presents step-by-step guidelines for conceptualising, designing, and carrying out a study of the appropriateness of medical or surgical procedures (for either diagnosis or treatment) using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method. The manual distills the experience of many researchers in North America and Europe and presents current (as of the year 2000) thinking on the subject. Although the manual is self-contained and complete, the authors do not recommend that those unfamiliar with the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method independently conduct an appropriateness study; instead, they suggest "seeing one" before "doing one." To this end, contact information is provided to assist potential users of the method.

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Obstetric Anaesthesia written by Vicki Clark and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 1017 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an up-to-date summary of the scientific basis, assessment for and provision of anaesthesia throughout pregnancy and labour. It is divided into nine sections including physiology, assessment, complications and systemic disease.

Download or read book Avery s Diseases of the Newborn written by H. William Taeusch and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This definitive resource in perinatology and neonatology is now completely revised and updated to incorporate the latest advances in the field. Maintains a clinical focus and provides guidelines for precise diagnosis and effective treatment. Also includes hundreds of case histories to illustrate management. This edition contains new neuromuscular, cardiovascular, genetic, and pulmonary information plus ethics of neonatology. Reorganized and supplemented, the perinatal section includes maternal-fetal medicine and fetal neonatal surgery. Features over 700 illustrations! Spanish version also available, ISBN: 84-8174-433-6

Download or read book Pain Relief written by Cecilia Maldonado and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the beginning of times, pain treatment has been the motive of research giving birth to multiple groups of pharmacological families and therapies. Pain perception is a construction built over the biological phenomenon of signal transduction surrounded by different factors such as gender, age, and sociocultural status, among others. The concept of pain as the solely biological manifestation of defense is nowadays considered as a narrow-minded view of this topic. In this regard concepts such as newborns feel no pain or older people complain about everything therefore should not be paid attention when referring pain, are being left behind in the understanding that pain alleviation is a human right and everybody feeling pain should be helped for its relief. This book comprises many aspects of pain treatment and the drugs involved in it. From old analgesics with new mechanisms of action for pain alleviation to analgesics potential for diminishing oxidative stress; from pharmacological therapies to electrical ones, going through alternative medicine; and from pain treatment in dentistry to chronic pain therapies, also boarding the treatment of migraine, different experts share their knowledge on the topic.