Download or read book How Do Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs Reduce Opioid Prescribing written by Abby E. Alpert and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Past work demonstrates that mandated prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) decrease opioid prescribing, but provides limited evidence on mechanisms. We analyze Kentucky's landmark PDMP mandate to disentangle the role of information versus hassle costs. PDMP mandates are meant to affect prescribing through information provision but may also unintentionally affect prescribing through the hassle cost of required record checks. On net, we find that although information clearly affected prescribing, hassle costs explain the majority of the decline in prescribing from this program. Hassle costs, however, did not deter physicians from prescribing opioids to the patients who would benefit the most.
Download or read book How Do Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs Reduce Opioid Prescribing The Role of Hassle Costs Versus Information written by Abby Alpert and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Past work demonstrates that mandated prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) decrease opioid prescribing, but provides limited evidence on mechanisms. We analyze Kentucky's landmark PDMP mandate to disentangle the role of information versus hassle costs. PDMP mandates are meant to affect prescribing through information provision but may also unintentionally affect prescribing through the hassle cost of required record checks. On net, we find that although information clearly affected prescribing, hassle costs explain the majority of the decline in prescribing from this program. Hassle costs, however, did not deter physicians from prescribing opioids to the patients who would benefit the most.
Download or read book Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.
Download or read book ARCOS written by United States. Drug Enforcement Administration and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factorial Survey Experiments written by Katrin Auspurg and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2014-11-28 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a gap in the literature of the field, Factorial Survey Experiments provides researchers with a practical guide to using the factorial survey method to assess respondents’ beliefs about the world, judgment principles, or decision rules through multi-dimensional stimuli (“vignettes”) that resemble real-life decision-making situations. Using insightful examples to illustrate their arguments, authors Katrin Auspurg and Thomas Hinz guide researchers through all relevant steps, including how to set up the factorial experimental design (drawing samples of vignettes and respondents), how to handle the practical challenges that must be mastered when an experimental plan with many different treatments is embedded in a survey format, and how to deal with questions of data analysis. In addition to providing the “how-tos” of designing factorial survey experiments, the authors cover recent developments of similar methods, such as conjoint analyses, choice experiments, and more advanced statistical tools.
Download or read book Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Save Lives written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-06-16 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The opioid crisis in the United States has come about because of excessive use of these drugs for both legal and illicit purposes and unprecedented levels of consequent opioid use disorder (OUD). More than 2 million people in the United States are estimated to have OUD, which is caused by prolonged use of prescription opioids, heroin, or other illicit opioids. OUD is a life-threatening condition associated with a 20-fold greater risk of early death due to overdose, infectious diseases, trauma, and suicide. Mortality related to OUD continues to escalate as this public health crisis gathers momentum across the country, with opioid overdoses killing more than 47,000 people in 2017 in the United States. Efforts to date have made no real headway in stemming this crisis, in large part because tools that already existâ€"like evidence-based medicationsâ€"are not being deployed to maximum impact. To support the dissemination of accurate patient-focused information about treatments for addiction, and to help provide scientific solutions to the current opioid crisis, this report studies the evidence base on medication assisted treatment (MAT) for OUD. It examines available evidence on the range of parameters and circumstances in which MAT can be effectively delivered and identifies additional research needed.
Download or read book The Effect of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs on Opioid Utilization in Medicare written by Thomas C. Buchmueller and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The misuse of prescription opioids has become a serious epidemic in the US. In response, states have implemented Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs), which record a patient's opioid prescribing history. While few providers participated in early systems, states have recently begun to require providers to access the PDMP under certain circumstances. We find that "must access" PDMPs significantly reduce measures of misuse in Medicare Part D. In contrast, we find that PDMPs without such provisions have no effect. We find stronger effects when providers are required to access the PDMP under broad circumstances, not only when they are suspicious.
Download or read book Prescriptyion Opioid Analgesic Use Among Adults United States 1999 2012 written by Steven M. Frenk and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Where Does It Hurt The Impact of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs on Pain Management in Home Health Care written by Courtney Yarbrough and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As states pass regulations to curb opioid abuse, what are the consequences for legitimate pain management? Forty-nine states have adopted prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMP) to detect potentially inappropriate opioid prescribing and use. Several studies have estimated the impact of PDMPs in reducing abuse and deaths. However, no study addresses an equally important question -- do PDMPs generate negative or positive spillover effects for pain management in the millions of Americans suffering from pain? We use 2003-2013 home health agency-level panel data to assess the effect of PDMPs on pain improvements in home health patients. We hypothesize that implementation of a PDMP in the context of home health care may induce agencies to substitute away from opioids to other (potentially more effective) treatments, such as physical therapy. Using a fixed effects, two-stage least squares model, we estimate pain improvements as a result of whether a state has implemented a PDMP and control for endogeneity between state policies and pain management practices. We find that home health agencies in states with PDMPs are on average more successful at improving pain in their patients. However, the effect varies according to how the agencies are reimbursed for services. Our results suggest that home health agencies are adapting their models of care to state opioid policies, and the incentives embedded in reimbursement systems can either promote better or worse pain management.
Download or read book The Impact of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs on U S Opioid Prescriptions written by Ian Ayres and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper seeks to understand the treatment effect of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) on opioid prescription rates. Using county-level panel data on all opioid prescriptions in the U.S. between 2006 and 2015, we investigate whether state interventions like PDMPs have heterogeneous treatment effects at the sub-state level, based on regional and temporal variations in policy design, extent of urbanization, race, and income. Our models comprehensively control for a set of county and time fixed effects, county-specific and time-varying demographic controls, potentially endogenous time-series trends in prescription rates, and other state-level opioid interventions such as Naloxone Access and Good Samaritan laws, Medicaid expansion, and the provision of Methadone Assistance Treatment. We find that PDMPs are only effective in reducing prescription rates if they obligate doctors to check for patients' history prior to filling out a prescription, but the frequency at which a state requires its PDMP to be updated is irrelevant to its effectiveness. Moreover, the significant treatment effects of PDMPs are almost exclusively driven by urban and predominantly white counties, with the relatively more affluent regions showing greater responsiveness than their less affluent counterparts.
Download or read book Framing Opioid Prescribing Guidelines for Acute Pain written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-03-20 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The opioid overdose epidemic combined with the need to reduce the burden of acute pain poses a public health challenge. To address how evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for prescribing opioids for acute pain might help meet this challenge, Framing Opioid Prescribing Guidelines for Acute Pain: Developing the Evidence develops a framework to evaluate existing clinical practice guidelines for prescribing opioids for acute pain indications, recommends indications for which new evidence-based guidelines should be developed, and recommends a future research agenda to inform and enable specialty organizations to develop and disseminate evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for prescribing opioids to treat acute pain indications. The recommendations of this study will assist professional societies, health care organizations, and local, state, and national agencies to develop clinical practice guidelines for opioid prescribing for acute pain. Such a framework could inform the development of opioid prescribing guidelines and ensure systematic and standardized methods for evaluating evidence, translating knowledge, and formulating recommendations for practice.
Download or read book Applications of Data Science Methods in Discovering Opioid Prescribing Patterns and the Mechanisms Underlying Substance Use Initiation and Addiction written by Zhi Wang (Data scientist) and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substance use has been a public health concern in the U.S. In response to the opioid crisis, the implementation of both effective public health programs and behavioral interventions are needed. At the state level, prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) grant prescribers access to patient prescription history aiming to reduce unnecessary opioid prescriptions. At the individual level, children who are exposed to substances at an early age are more likely to misuse other substances such as prescription opioids and develop addictions in their later life. Understanding the interplay of genetic risks, family environment, and early exposure to substances can inform personalized behavioral interventions. This dissertation consists of three studies: Study 1 comprehensively evaluated the effectiveness of PDMPs in reducing opioid-related potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) practices. Study 2 investigated the possible pathways from genetic risks (DRD4 alleles) to substance use behaviors through multiple chronological mediators. Study 3 study examined how family conflicts mediated the association between impulsivity and early exposure to substances among U.S. preteens as family environment plays an essential role in pre-adolescent development.
Download or read book How Do Opioid Prescribing Restrictions Affect Pharmaceutical Promotion written by Thuy Dieu Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior work considers effects of prescribing restrictions on opioid use but not upstream implications for pharmaceutical marketing activities, despite the inordinate role many believe marketing played in the crisis. Our study proposes a stylized model of pharmaceutical payments and investigates the impact of Mandatory Access Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (MPDMPs) on opioid-specific commercial promotion directed at physicians. We find that MPDMPs reduce promotion on both extensive and intensive margins. Our results are consistent with economic theory, predicting lower promotional activities when return on investment decreases after state prescribing restrictions, and indicative of MPDMPs' role in affecting opioid use through reduced promotion.
Download or read book Conditions of Participation for Hospitals written by United States. Social Security Administration and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mitigating Role of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs in the Abuse of Prescription Drugs written by Erica G. Birk and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to the epidemic of prescription-drug abuse, now 49 US states have passed legislation to establish Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs). These programs track controlled-substance prescribing and usage behavior in an effort to improve patient outcomes and identify and preempt access by drug abusers. We exploit variation in the timing of implementation across states to identify the effectiveness of PDMPs on reducing opioid abuse. In particular, by considering the role of specific program attributes we offer the strongest evidence to date of the potential for PDMP-type policy to decrease opioid-related treatment admissions. We also consider heterogeneity across intensity and tenure of use, which reveals that the largest gains are coming from reductions in the number of less-attached users. Overall, these results have important implications for the effective re-design of PDMP policy.
Download or read book City of Seattle Fire Extinguisher Exam FEX1 Self Practice Review Questions written by ExamREVIEW and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book updated Jun 2023. It is the Fire Department's Fire Prevention Division that administers fire extinguisher license exam in Seattle. FEX-1 is the exam that covers all activities relating to portable fire extinguishers, including those listed in type FEX-2, FEX-3 and FEX-4.We create these self-practice test questions module referencing the principles and concepts currently valid in the Fire Extinguisher trade. They are for reinforcing learning, NOT for simulating "real" questions. Each question comes with an answer and a short explanation which aids you in seeking further study information. For purpose of exam readiness drilling, this product includes questions that have varying numbers of choices. Some have 2 while some have 5 or 6. We want to make sure these questions are tough enough to really test your readiness and draw your focus to the weak areas. You should use this product together with other study resources for the best possible exam prep coverage.
Download or read book Relieving Pain in America written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-10-26 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic pain costs the nation up to $635 billion each year in medical treatment and lost productivity. The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to enlist the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in examining pain as a public health problem. In this report, the IOM offers a blueprint for action in transforming prevention, care, education, and research, with the goal of providing relief for people with pain in America. To reach the vast multitude of people with various types of pain, the nation must adopt a population-level prevention and management strategy. The IOM recommends that HHS develop a comprehensive plan with specific goals, actions, and timeframes. Better data are needed to help shape efforts, especially on the groups of people currently underdiagnosed and undertreated, and the IOM encourages federal and state agencies and private organizations to accelerate the collection of data on pain incidence, prevalence, and treatments. Because pain varies from patient to patient, healthcare providers should increasingly aim at tailoring pain care to each person's experience, and self-management of pain should be promoted. In addition, because there are major gaps in knowledge about pain across health care and society alike, the IOM recommends that federal agencies and other stakeholders redesign education programs to bridge these gaps. Pain is a major driver for visits to physicians, a major reason for taking medications, a major cause of disability, and a key factor in quality of life and productivity. Given the burden of pain in human lives, dollars, and social consequences, relieving pain should be a national priority.
