Download or read book Housing Finance in the Macroeconomy written by Tim Landvoigt and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between the years 1998 and 2006, the total mortgage debt of U.S. households rose from 65% of GDP in 1998 to over 100% of GDP in 2006. Over the same period the value of residential real estate rose by roughly the same proportion from 180% to 280% of GDP. This thesis examines the macroeconomic link between housing and mortgage markets during the boom period from three different angles. (i) The first chapter examines the impact of increasing securitization of mortgage debt in a dynamic model of borrowers, savers, and financial intermediaries that is calibrated to the different stages of US housing finance in the postwar period. Banks lend funds to borrowers in the form of mortgages and raise those funds by issuing equity and deposits to savers. Deposits are over-collateralized claims on the banks' portfolios of mortgages. Securitization allows banks to sell part of the loans directly to savers after origination. It further allows the same allocation of risk among savers with diverse risk aversion, but at lower cost. Rising securitization gradually reduces intermediation costs and frictions. The dynamic model shows that, when agents temporarily underestimate the default risk of mortgages, the economy undergoes a boom-bust episode in debt and house prices. In the simulated model economy, securitization adds 30 percent to the peak of mortgage debt in 2006 by neutralizing the dampening effect of bank capital requirements. (ii) The second chapter uses an assignment model to understand the cross section of house prices within a metro area. Movers' demand for housing is derived from a lifecycle problem with credit market frictions. Equilibrium house prices adjust to assign houses that differ by quality to movers who differ by age, income and wealth. To quantify the model, we measure distributions of house prices, house qualities and mover characteristics from micro data on San Diego County during the 2000s boom. The main result is that cheaper credit for poor households was a major driver of prices, especially at the low end of the market. (iii) Optimism about future house price appreciation and loose credit constraints are commonly considered drivers of the recent housing boom. The third chapter infers short-run expectations of future house price growth and minimum down payment requirements from observed household choices. The expectations and credit constraints are implied by a life-cycle portfolio choice model that encompasses home ownership, housing demand, and financing choices. I estimate the parameters of this model using data from the Survey of Consumer Finances from 1995 to 2007. The main result is that both aggregate expectations of future price growth and minimum down payment requirements were declining throughout the boom, but price growth expectations stay positive throughout. The separate identification of the two channels comes from their differential impact on the intensive and extensive margins of housing demand.

Download or read book Housing Finance and the Macroeconomy written by Morris A. Davis and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this chapter, we review and discuss the large body of research that has developed over the past 10-plus years that explores the interconnection of macroeconomics, finance, and housing. We focus on three major topics -- housing and the business cycle, housing and portfolio choice, and housing and asset returns -- and then review the recent literature that studies housing and the macroeconomy during the great housing boom and bust of 2000-2010. Our emphasis is on calibrated models that can be compared to data. In each section, we discuss the important questions, the typical set of tools used, and the insights that result from important papers. Although great progress has been made in understanding the important role that housing plays in understanding macroeconomic phenomena, work remains. For example, economists cannot fully explain all of the volatility in house prices during the unprecedented boom and bust period of 2000-2010. At the end of the chapter, we discuss a new literature that assesses the macroeconomic effects and welfare implications of housing policies.

Download or read book Housing Finance and Real Estate Booms written by Mr.Eugenio Cerutti and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-03 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent global crisis highlighted the risks stemming from real estate booms. This has generated a growing literature trying to better understand the sources and the risks associated with housing and credit booms. This paper complements and supplements the previous work by (i) exploiting more disaggregated data on credit allowing us to dissociate between firm-credit and household (and in some cases mortgage) credit, and (ii) by taking into account the characteristics of the mortgage market, including institutional as well as other factors that vary across countries. This detailed cross-country analysis offers new valuable insights.

Download or read book Housing Finance in Emerging Markets written by Doris Köhn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-21 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth of urban areas and population in middle and low income countries is a continuing trend. Urbanization expands as rural to urban migration offers better income opportunities in cities. This trend is both a source of development opportunities and challenges for the housing sector. On the one hand, housing is a large and growing market, and on the other, massive slums confirm the poor housing conditions in many developing countries. These adverse conditions mirror inadequate housing policies, inefficient or absent property registration, as well as limits to access to housing finance. Provision of affordable housing is therefore an important topic in the fight against poverty. This book focuses on solutions that improve the enabling environment for the poor in accessing housing finance. It explores how to develop and integrate housing finance into a sustainable financial system for developing countries and offers ways in which low-income families can obtain better access to housing finance. This book provides a conceptual framework for housing finance development and addresses practical solutions in the provision of housing finance and compares different approaches.

Download or read book Housing Financial Markets and the Wider Economy written by David Miles and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluctuations in the value of property and changes in the availability of loans made against the collateral of houses can have major macroeconomic effects. This study develops a frame within which the interactions of housing markets, financial markets and government policy can be analyzed.

Download or read book Housing and Mortgage Markets in Historical Perspective written by Eugene N. White and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-10-17 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central role of the housing market in the recent recession raised a series of questions about similar episodes throughout economic history. Were the underlying causes of housing and mortgage crises the same in earlier episodes? Has the onset and spread of crises changed over time? How have previous policy interventions either damaged or improved long-run market performance and stability? This volume begins to answer these questions, providing a much-needed context for understanding recent events by examining how historical housing and mortgage markets worked—and how they sometimes failed. Renowned economic historians Eugene N. White, Kenneth Snowden, and Price Fishback survey the foundational research on housing crises, comparing that of the 1930s to that of the early 2000s in order to authoritatively identify what contributed to each crisis. Later chapters explore notable historical experiences with mortgage securitization and the role that federal policy played in the surge in home ownership between 1940 and 1960. By providing a broad historical overview of housing and mortgage markets, the volume offers valuable new insights to inform future policy debates.

Download or read book The Political Economy of Housing Financialization written by Gregory W. Fuller and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Housing Finance in Emerging Markets written by Doris Köhn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-01-31 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth of urban areas and population in middle and low income countries is a continuing trend. Urbanization expands as rural to urban migration offers better income opportunities in cities. This trend is both a source of development opportunities and challenges for the housing sector. On the one hand, housing is a large and growing market, and on the other, massive slums confirm the poor housing conditions in many developing countries. These adverse conditions mirror inadequate housing policies, inefficient or absent property registration, as well as limits to access to housing finance. Provision of affordable housing is therefore an important topic in the fight against poverty. This book focuses on solutions that improve the enabling environment for the poor in accessing housing finance. It explores how to develop and integrate housing finance into a sustainable financial system for developing countries and offers ways in which low-income families can obtain better access to housing finance. This book provides a conceptual framework for housing finance development and addresses practical solutions in the provision of housing finance and compares different approaches.

Download or read book Portfolio Selection and Asset Pricing written by Shouyang Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In our daily life, almost every family owns a portfolio of assets. This portfolio could contain real assets such as a car, or a house, as well as financial assets such as stocks, bonds or futures. Portfolio theory deals with how to form a satisfied portfolio among an enormous number of assets. Originally proposed by H. Markowtiz in 1952, the mean-variance methodology for portfolio optimization has been central to the research activities in this area and has served as a basis for the development of modem financial theory during the past four decades. Follow-on work with this approach has born much fruit for this field of study. Among all those research fruits, the most important is the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) proposed by Sharpe in 1964. This model greatly simplifies the input for portfolio selection and makes the mean-variance methodology into a practical application. Consequently, lots of models were proposed to price the capital assets. In this book, some of the most important progresses in portfolio theory are surveyed and a few new models for portfolio selection are presented. Models for asset pricing are illustrated and the empirical tests of CAPM for China's stock markets are made. The first chapter surveys ideas and principles of modeling the investment decision process of economic agents. It starts with the Markowitz criteria of formulating return and risk as mean and variance and then looks into other related criteria which are based on probability assumptions on future prices of securities.

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Housing Economics written by Kenneth Gibb and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-02-29 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Housing Economics brings together an international panel of contributors to present a comprehensive overview of this important field within economics. Housing occupies an increasingly central role in modern society, dominating consumer assets and spending, forming an important part of social policy and being a large enough market to impact the macroeconomy. This handbook tackles these themes, along with other critical issues such as intergenerational housing inequality and the efficiency and social justice of housing interventions. This volume is structured in four main parts. It starts with eight chapters in microeconomics and housing. This is followed by two shorter sections on macroeconomics and finance. The final main part of the book is concerned with eight chapters on policy dimensions. While many of the chapters are rooted in mainstream economics and finance applied to housing, there are also chapters stressing institutional, behavioural and political economy orientations, as well as those that explicitly challenge more mainstream accounts. The contributing authors are based in Europe, North America and Australia and all draw in international literature to provide state of the art reviews of their topics. This carefully curated handbook will be essential reading for advanced students, researchers and policy makers in housing economics, urban economics, urban planning, public economics and real estate economics and finance. Chapter 22 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Download or read book The Blackwell Companion to the Economics of Housing written by Susan J. Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-01-22 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Blackwell Companion to the Economics of Housing willhelp students and professionals alike to explore key elements ofthe housing economy: home prices, housing wealth, mortgage debt,and financial risk. Features 24 original essays, including an editorialintroduction and three section overviews Includes 39 world-class authors from a mix of educational andfinancial organizations in the UK, Europe, Australia, and NorthAmerica Broadly-based, scholarly, and accessible, serving students andprofessionals who wish to understand how today’s housingeconomy works Profiles the role and relevance of housing wealth; themismanagement of mortgage debt; and the pitfalls and potential ofhedging housing risk Key topics include: the housing price bubble and crash; thesubprime mortgage crisis in the US and its aftermath; the linksbetween housing wealth, the macroeconomy, and the welfare ofhome-occupiers; the mitigation of credit and housing investmentrisks Specific case studies help to illustrate concepts, along withnew data sets and analyses to illustrate empirical points

Download or read book Housing Economics written by Geoffrey Meen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world has still to emerge fully from the housing-triggered Global Financial Crisis, but housing crises are not new. The history of housing shows long-run social progress, littered with major disasters; nevertheless the progress is often forgotten, whilst the difficulties hit the headlines. Housing Economics provides a long-term economic perspective on macro and urban housing issues, from the Victorian era onwards. A historical perspective sheds light on modern problems and the constraints on what can be achieved; it concentrates on the key policy issues of housing supply, affordability, tenure, the distribution of migrant communities, mortgage markets and household mobility. Local case studies are interwoven with city-wide aggregate analysis. Three sets of issues are addressed: the underlying reasons for the initial establishment of residential neighbourhoods, the processes that generate growth, decline and patterns of integration/segregation, and the impact of historical development on current problems and the implications for policy.

Download or read book House Prices and the Macroeconomy written by Charles Goodhart and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-12-21 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: House price bubbles, and their aftermath, have become a focus of macro-economic policy concern in most developed countries. This book elucidates the two-way relationship between house-price fluctuations and economic fundamentals. Housing has many features which make it distinct from other assets, like equity. Real estate is not only an asset but also a durable consumption good for households, providing shelter and other housing services. As a result, a house is often the largest and most important asset of households and therefore accounts for a major share of household wealth. Similarly a large share of bank assets is tied to housing values. House price fluctuations may, therefore, have a major effect on economic activity and the soundness of the financial system. Following an introductory chapter, the book is structured into three parts. The first demonstrates the importance of house prices as determinants or indicators of inflation and economic activity. The second focuses on the inter-relationships between bank credit extension and housing prices, and how bubbles can lead to financial crises. The third discusses resultant public policy issues, such as whether, and how, to include housing prices in a general inflation index, and how to restrain the housing/bank credit cycle.

Download or read book Understanding Housing Finance written by Peter King and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the biggest challenges for students of housing is understanding the financial principles which underpin the place of housing in the wider economy. By taking a political economy approach, Peter King's Understanding Housing Finance makes the basic principles of the subject accessible, without requiring detailed prior knowledge of economics or financial systems. The book explains housing finance by exploring the way in which markets and governments react together. It takes a conceptual approach to consider the advantages and limits of housing markets and why governments intervene. The consequences of intervention are explored in detail using examples of housing subsidy systems and policy mechanisms such as rent control, housing allowances and subsidies to owner occupation. This is a key reference for students on housing and planning courses at both undergraduate and postgraduate level. The book’s approach means that its relevance is not confined to one particular housing system, but is useful for those studying housing finance in most developed and developing countries.

Download or read book The Central Bank and the Financial System written by Charles Albert Eric Goodhart and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As economic advisor to the Bank of England for many years, C. A. E. Goodhart is uniquely positioned to assess the role of the central bank in the modern financial system. This book brings together twenty-one of his previously published articles dealing with the changing functions of central banks over time, recent efforts to maintain price stability, and debates over specific financial regulation proposals in the UK. Although the current day-to-day operations of central banks are subject to continuous comment and frequent criticism, their structural role within the economic system as a whole has generally been accepted without much question, despite several attempts by economists in recent decades to challenge the value of the institution. C. A. E. Goodhart brings his knowledge of both the theoretical arguments and the actual working of central banks to bear in these essays. Part I looks at the general purposes and functions of central banks within the financial system and their evolution over time. Part II concentrates on the current objectives and operations of central banks, and the maintenance of price stability in particular. Part III analyzes the broader issues of financial regulation.

Download or read book The Housing Boom and Bust written by Thomas Sowell and published by Basic Books (AZ). This book was released on 2009-05-12 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains how we got into the current economic disaster that developed out of the economics and politics of the housing boom and bust. The "creative" financing of home mortgages and "creative" marketing of financial securities based on these mortgages to countries around the world, are part of the story of how a financial house of cards was built up--and then collapsed.

Download or read book Understanding Affordability written by Meen, Geoffrey and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many younger and lower-income people, housing affordability continues to worsen. Based on the academic research of two distinguished housing economists – and stimulated by working with governments across the world - this wide-ranging book sets out clear theoretical and empirical frameworks to tackle one of today’s most important socio-economic issues. Housing unaffordability arises from complex forces and a prerequisite to effective policy is understanding the causes of rising house prices and rents and the interactions between housing, housing finance and the macroeconomy. The authors challenge many of the conventional wisdoms in housing policy and offer innovative recommendations to improve affordability.