Download or read book Host virus Interaction During Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus PRRSV Infection written by Hanmo Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Host virus Interactions in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection written by George Edwin Peter Sorensen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Veterinary Vaccines written by R. Pandey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccines have historically been considered to be the most cost-effective method for preventing communicable diseases. It was a vaccine that enabled global eradication of the dreaded disease smallpox. Mass immunization of children forms the anchor of the strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) to attain "health for all" status by the year 2000. Vaccinology is undergoing a dimensional change with the advances that have taken place in immunology and genetic engineering. Vaccines that confer short or inadequate immunity or that have side effects are being replaced by better vaccines. New vaccines are being developed for a variety of maladies. Monoclonal antibodies and T cell clones have been employed to delineate the immunodeterminants on microbes, an approach elegantly complemented by computer graphics and molecular imaging techniques. Possibilities have opened for obtaining hitherto scarce antigens of parasites by the DNA recombinant route. Better appreciation of the idiotypic network has aroused research on anti idiotypic vaccines. Solid-phase synthesis of peptides is leading to an array of synthetic vaccines, an approach that is expected to attain its full potential once the sequences activating suppressor cells are discovered and the rules for presentation of antigens to T and B cells are better worked out. A new breed of vaccines is on the horizon that seeks to control fertility. Originally conceived to intercept a step in the reproductive process, they are conceptual models for developing approaches to regulate the body's internal processes.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus PRRSV Control of the Host Innate Immune Response written by Christopher Overend and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies on the Interaction Between Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Its Natural Host Cell written by Wei Yu Chen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Antiviral Strategies written by Hans-Georg Kräusslich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-02 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A crucial issue for antiviral therapy is the fact that all antiviral substances rapidly select for resistance; thus, monitoring and overcoming resistance has become a most important clinical paradigm of antiviral therapy. This calls for cautious use of antiviral drugs and implementation of combination therapies. In parallel, efforts in drug discovery have to be continued to develop compounds with novel mode-of-action and activity against resistant strains. This book reviews the current status of antiviral therapy, from the roads to development of new compounds to their clinical use and cost effectiveness. Individual chapters address in more detail all available drug classes and outline new approaches currently under development.

Download or read book Veterinary Vaccines written by Samia Metwally and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a concise and authoritative reference on the use of vaccines against diseases of livestock Compiled by Senior Animal Health Officers at The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and with contributions from international leading experts, Veterinary Vaccines: Principles and Applications is a concise and authoritative reference featuring easily readable reviews of the latest research in vaccinology and vaccine immune response to pathogens of major economic impact to livestock. It covers advice and recommendations for vaccine production, quality control, and effective vaccination schemes including vaccine selection, specifications, vaccination programs, vaccine handling in the field, application, failures, and assessment of herd protection. In addition, the book presents discussions on the current status and potential future developments of vaccines and vaccination against selected transboundary animal diseases. Provides a clear and comprehensive guide on using veterinary vaccines to protect livestock from diseases Teaches the principles of vaccinology and vaccine immune response Highlights the vaccine production schemes and standards for quality control testing Offers easy-to-read reviews of the most current research on the subject Gives readers advice and recommendations on which vaccination schemes are most effective Discusses the today’s state of vaccines and vaccination against selected transboundary animal diseases as well as possible future developments in the field Veterinary Vaccines: Principles and Applications is an important resource for veterinary practitioners, animal health department officials, vaccine scientists, and veterinary students. It will also be of interest to professional associations and NGO active in livestock industry.

Download or read book Pathogenic mechanism of porcine viral disease written by Mengmeng Zhao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-09-30 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Swine virus diseases pose a significant threat to the pig industry due to their highly contagious nature and ability to cause immense harm. Once a pig is infected, the risk extends to the entire farm or even a larger area. In recent years, there has been an emergence and re-emergence of disease pathogens that have been able to overcome existing immune defense mechanisms through continuous recombination and evolution. As a result, current immune prevention and control measures have become ineffective. Notable examples of these diseases include African swine fever virus (ASFV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV). These viruses constantly mutate under various selection pressures, including immunity within the host body and vaccine-induced immunity. Furthermore, with the increase in international trade, the spread of these viruses has become more rapid and extensive. Moreover, it is worth noting that similar virus strains originating from different regions have the potential to undergo recombination, resulting in the emergence of recombinant mutant strains. These mutant strains can pose a challenge to existing immune prevention and control measures, thereby adding complexity to the ongoing efforts in disease prevention and control.

Download or read book Polymicrobial Diseases written by Kim A. Brogden and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymicrobial diseases, those involving more than one etiologic agent, are more common than is generally realized and include respiratory diseases, gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, hepatitis, periodontal diseases, multiple sclerosis, genital infections, intra -- abdominal infections, and pertussis.

Download or read book Application of High throughput Sequencing for the Analyses of PRRSV host Interactions written by Nanhua Chen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) is the most costly virus to the swine industry, worldwide. This study explored the application of deep sequencing techniques to understand better the virus-host interaction. On the virus side, PRRSV exists as a quasispecies. The first application of deep sequencing was to investigate amino acid substitutions in hypervariable regions during acute infection and after virus rebound. The appearance and disappearance of mutations, especially the generation of a new N-glycosylation site in GP5, indicated they are likely the result of immune selection. The second application of deep sequencing was to investigate the quasispecies makeup in pigs with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) that lack B and T cells. The results showed the same pattern of amino acid substitutions in SCID and normal littermates and no different mutations were identified between SCID and normal littermates. This suggests the mutations that appear during the early stages of infection are the product of the virus becoming adapted to replication in pigs. The third application of deep sequencing was to investigate the locations of recombination events between GFP-expressing PRRSV infectious clones. The results identified different cross-over occurred within three conserved regions between EGFP and GFPm genes. And finally, the fourth goal was applied to develop a set of sequencing tools for analyzing the host antibody repertoire. A simple method was developed to amplify swine VDJ repertoires. Shared and abundant VDJ sequences that are likely expressed by PRRSV-activated B cells were determined in pigs that had different neutralization activities. These sequences are potentially correlated with different antibody responses.

Download or read book Analysis of Viral Proteins of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Host Protection and Early Virus cell Interactions written by Yanjin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The viral proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were expressed in a baculovirus expression system. They were evaluated for protection of pigs against the respiratory disease and for function in virus-cell interactions. The open reading frames 2 to 6 products were confirmed to be membrane associated proteins as they were detected on the surface of viable insect cells by an immunofluorescence assay. Immunization of pigs with vaccines comprised of a combination of GP2, GP3 and GP4 or a combination of GP5, M and N proteins induced partial protection, but immunization with combination of GP5 and M proteins failed to induce protection. Immunization of pigs with the first two vaccines significantly reduced the severity of clinical respiratory disease (P

Download or read book Mechanisms of Control of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus PRRSV Infection in Pigs written by Zhengguo Xiao and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Nidoviruses written by Stanley Perlman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on the 10th International Nidovirus Symposium: Towards Control of SARS and other Nidovirus Diseases. The volume includes articles by all of the major contributors to this burgeoning area of research which summarize the work presented at the meeting. This represents the only comprehensive book to cover this field in the last five years.

Download or read book Interactions of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus with Innate Immune Responses written by Sang-Myeong Lee and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North American field isolates of PRRSV differed in their type I IFN response with respect to induction, sensitivity and suppression. Furthermore, one PRRSV isolate strongly enhanced polyI:C - induced IFN-[alpha] production in PAM cultures and this priming effect was suppressed by other PRRSV isolates. PRRSV activates NF-[kappa]B which is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune function. NF-[kappa]B activation was dependent on virus replication and I[kappa]B[alpha] degradation. ROS production was involved in NF-[kappa]B activation by PRRSV. NF-[kappa]B dependent expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 suggested a possible role of the NF-[kappa]B pathway in PRRSV pathogenesis and the immune response. PRRSV infection induced both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways and linked these two pathways via Bid cleavage by caspase-8. While apoptosis was significantly suppressed by caspase inhibitors, the same inhibitors did not affect PRRSV replication. This study also provided evidence of a possible involvement of NF-[kappa]B and ROS in apoptosis induced by PRRSV.

Download or read book RNA Recombination in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus written by Shishan Yuan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cell mediated Immunity to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Swine written by Elida Margoth Bautista and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book CEO Compensation Information Asymmetry and Other Characteristics written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: