Download or read book Hong Kong s Exchange Rate Regimes in the Twentieth Century written by Tony Latter and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three key changes to Hong Kong's monetary framework in the twentieth century are examined. In the first half of the 1930s, the rising price of silver caused mounting difficulties for China and Hong Kong, both then operating a silver standard. Consideration of a possible regime change in Hong Kong spread over a number of years, but it was always decided not to move before China. Eventually, when China left silver in 1935, Hong Kong left too and adopted what was effectively a sterling-based currency board. This is judged to have been the correct decision, although a case may be argued that the change should have taken place a couple of years earlier. In 1972, prompted by disenchantment with the weakness of sterling and the UK government's decision to let it float, the Hong Kong government abandoned both the sterling link and, in apparent ignorance of its fundamental monetary importance, the currency board principle. This propelled Hong Kong, which had no central bank at the time, into an era of monetary indeterminacy, where stability was dependent essentially on consensus and mutuality of interests between government and the principal banks. The system was destined to crack if ever market pressures exerted too great a strain, which they finally did in 1983. The currency board was then re-instituted, on this occasion based on the US dollar, and has succeeded in maintaining a stable exchange rate ever since. Various refinements in the years since 1983, including the establishment of the Monetary Authority in the role of a central bank, have made the system more robust. With a central bank, Hong Kong now has the capacity to operate an alternative monetary policy framework, should it so wish. For each of the three regime changes, this paper explores the background, both political and economic, the options which were considered and the reasons for the eventual decisions.
Download or read book Choosing an Exchange Rate Regime for a Sub National Economy from an Optimum Currency Area Perspective written by Sau San Chan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hong Kong is a unique case in the world history of exchange systems. As a territory under British administration for more than 150 years, it has maintained a floating exchange rate relationship with its sovereignty power in a separate currency area for more than a century. This exchange arrangement once existed with a peculiar institutional setting that the government had no control over the monetary base. In the post-1997 era, the survival of this "one country, two currencies" model depends on whether the authorities will continue to allow the HK dollar to float against the Renminbi. Based on the theory of optimum currency areas, this paper, with the ultimate objective to identify the optimal choice of exchange rate regime for HK, explores the economic rationale behind these interesting phenomena. The two inter-related issues--the choice of fixed versus floating exchange rate regimes and the optimal target of link currency--are addressed. It is argued that the structural characteristics and the development of monetary institutions have been the crucial determinants of the optimal exchange system for the sub-national economy. Our findings provide new interpretations regarding the monetary crisis in October 1983 and the monetary reforms since July 1988 and delineate policy implications for the exchange arrangements before and after 30 June 1997. It is suggested that HK should stay in the U.S. currency area, which has a floating exchange rate relationship with the currency area of the Territory's sovereignty power. The "one country, two currencies" model should be intact as long as the structural characteristics of HK remain unchanged. This paper also adds value to the empirical studies of optimum currency areas, which have been dominated traditionally by the verification of the diversified choices between fixed and floating exchange rate regimes and contemporarily by the justification for the EMU. It represents the first effort to deal with a model of many currencies for one country since R. Mundell introduced the idea that the domain of optimum currency areas should be defined by structural characteristics rather than national boundary in 1961.
Download or read book Hong Kong s Money written by Tony Latter and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 2007-08-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1983 Hong Kong has pegged its currency to the US dollar through a currency board system that is unique among the world's advanced economies. In this first comprehensive book about Hong Kong's monetary system, Tony Latter draws on his considerable experience in central banking generally, and with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority in particular, to give a detailed account of how the system operates; why it was introduced; what are the important differences from other monetary regimes; and how it has performed. After a brief overview of Hong Kong's currency board system, two chapters explain the key features of mainstream monetary policy as practised in most economies and how the currency board differs. Then three chapters deal with the history of money in Hong Kong from the mid-1930s, describing the salient events and changes of the period up to the 1983 crisis and the consequent re-adoption of the currency board. Descriptions of the functioning of the system after 1983 and its evolution to the present day then follow. The book concludes with assessments of the performance of the currency board since 1983 and of the Hong Kong economy more widely. This book is designed both to inform lay readers and to provide substance for monetary economists. Given the key role of monetary policy in providing a stable foundation for a strong economy, the book is of importance for all business people in Hong Kong, while the more analytical sections provide essential reading for all students of economics.
Download or read book Choosing an Exchange Rate Regime for a Sub National Economy from an Optimum Currency Area Perspective written by Sau-San Chan and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Choosing an Exchange Rate Regime for a Sub-national Economy From an Optimum Currency Area Perspective: the Caseof Hong Kong" by Sau-san, Chan, 陳守信, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3123558 Subjects: Currency question - China - Hong Kong Foreign exchange rates - China - Hong Kong
Download or read book Hong Kong SAR Monetary and Exchange Rate Challenges written by C. Schenk and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-11-28 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hong Kong SAR is now highly unusual as a large economy running a currency board system that pegs the Hong Kong Dollar to the US Dollar. This volume explores the origins and persistence of this system, presenting the viewpoint of several of the main protagonists in the operation of the currency board since 1983 as well as new research by academics.
Download or read book Hong Kong SAR Monetary and Exchange Rate Challenges written by C. Schenk and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hong Kong SAR is now highly unusual as a large economy running a currency board system that pegs the Hong Kong Dollar to the US Dollar. This volume explores the origins and persistence of this system, presenting the viewpoint of several of the main protagonists in the operation of the currency board since 1983 as well as new research by academics.
Download or read book The Internationalisation of Hong Kong Dollar written by Kenneth S. Chan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper models the macroeconomic impact from the quot;internationalisationquot; of Hong Kong Dollar under the fixed and floating exchange rate regimes. A three-region model, the Centre, the Periphery and the Rest-of-the-World, is constructed.The present paper finds that, under floating exchange rates, foreign circulation of home currency increases the volatility of the home exchange rates. Under a fixed exchange rate, however, other than a more volatile level of reserves, foreign circulation has no macro impact on the home economy. This paper also finds that a broader global demand for home asset narrows the gap between domestic and foreign interest rates, which can subsequently lower the likelihood of self-fulfilling currency crisis.
Download or read book Exchange Rate Regimes in the Modern Era written by Michael W. Klein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-08-24 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the operation and consequences of exchange rate regimes in an era of increasing international interdependence. The exchange rate is sometimes called the most important price in a highly globalized world. A country's choice of its exchange rate regime, between government-managed fixed rates and market-determined floating rates has significant implications for monetary policy, trade, and macroeconomic outcomes, and is the subject of both academic and policy debate. In this book, two leading economists examine the operation and consequences of exchange rate regimes in an era of increasing international interdependence. Michael Klein and Jay Shambaugh focus on the evolution of exchange rate regimes in the modern era, the period since 1973, which followed the Bretton Woods era of 1945–72 and the pre-World War I gold standard era. Klein and Shambaugh offer a comprehensive, integrated treatment of the characteristics of exchange rate regimes and their effects. The book draws on and synthesizes data from the recent wave of empirical research on this topic, and includes new findings that challenge preconceived notions.
Download or read book The Political Economy of Exchange Rate Regimes Evidence from Hong Kong and Taiwan written by 林向愷 and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Swiss Monetary History since the Early 19th Century written by Ernst Baltensperger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the remarkable path which led to the Swiss Franc becoming the strong international currency that it is today. Ernst Baltensperger and Peter Kugler use Swiss monetary history to provide valuable insights into a number of issues concerning the organization and development of monetary institutions and currency that shaped the structure of financial markets and affected the economic course of a country in important ways. They investigate a number of topics, including the functioning of a world without a central bank, the role of competition and monopoly in money and banking, the functioning of monetary unions, monetary policy of small open economies under fixed and flexible exchange rates, the stability of money demand and supply under different monetary regimes, and the monetary and macroeconomic effects of Swiss Banking and Finance. Swiss Monetary History since the Early 19th Century illustrates the value of monetary history for understanding financial markets and macroeconomics today.
Download or read book Hong Kong written by Stephen Chiu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-06-09 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hong Kong is a small city with a big reputation. As mainland China has become an 'economic powerhouse' Hong Kong has taken a route of development of its own, flourishing as an entrepot and a centre of commerce and finance for Chinese business, then as an industrial city and subsequently a regional and international financial centre. This volume examines the developmental history of Hong Kong, focusing on its rise to the status of a Chinese global city in the world economy. Chiu and Lui's analysis is distinct in its perspective of the development as an integrated process involving economic, political and social dimensions, and as such this insightful and original book will be a core text on Hong Kong society for students.
Download or read book Twentieth Century Impressions of Hongkong Shanghai and Other Treaty Ports of China written by Arnold Wright and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolution and Performance of Exchange Rate Regimes written by Mr.Kenneth Rogoff and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-12-01 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using recent advances in the classification of exchange rate regimes, this paper finds no support for the popular bipolar view that countries will tend over time to move to the polar extremes of free float or rigid peg. Rather, intermediate regimes have shown remarkable durability. The analysis suggests that as economies mature, the value of exchange rate flexibility rises. For countries at a relatively early stage of financial development and integration, fixed or relatively rigid regimes appear to offer some anti-inflation credibility gain without compromising growth objectives. As countries develop economically and institutionally, there appear to be considerable benefits to more flexible regimes. For developed countries that are not in a currency union, relatively flexible exchange rate regimes appear to offer higher growth without any cost in credibility.
Download or read book Hong Kong on the Move written by Carola McGiffert and published by CSIS. This book was released on 2008 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxford History of Twentieth Century written by Michael Howard and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this ambitious book, some of the most distinguished historians in the world survey the momentous events and the significant themes of recent times, with a look forward to what the future might bring. Early chapters take a global overview of the century as a whole, from a variety of perspectives - demographic, scientific, economic, and cultural. Further chapters, all written by acknowledged experts, chart the century's course, region by region. The Oxford History of the Twentieth Century is an invaluable repository of information and offers unparalleled insights on the twentieth century.
Download or read book Unlocking the World written by John Darwin and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the acclaimed historian of global empire, the dramatic story of how steam power reshaped our cities and our seas, and forged a new world order Steam power transformed our world, initiating the complex, resource-devouring industrial system the consequences of which we live with today. It revolutionized work and production, but also the ease and cost of movement over land and water. The result was to throw open vast areas of the world to the rampaging expansion of Europeans and Americans on a scale previously unimaginable. Unlocking the World is the captivating history of the great port cities which emerged as the bridgeheads of this new steam-driven economy, reshaping not just the trade and industry of the regions around them but their culture and politics as well. They were the agents of what we now call 'globalization', but their impact and influence, and the reactions they provoked, were far from predictable. Nor were they immune to the great upheavals in world politics across the 'steam century'. This book is global history at its very best. Packed with fascinating case histories (from New Orleans to Montreal, Bombay to Singapore, Calcutta to Shanghai), individual stories and original ideas, Darwin's book allows us, for better or worse, to see the modern age taking shape.
Download or read book Exchange Rate Regimes in East Asia written by Masahiro Kawai and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a deepening debate in East Asia about the prospects for common exchange rate arrangements, even including the formation of a common currency in the longer term. This raises a complex set of issues and this volume provides a detailed yet comprehensive examination of key issues in the debate. It looks, for example, at the nature and extent of linkages in East Asia, in terms of trade and foreign investment, finance, labour, and consumption, investment and output. It examines how the exchange rate affects various aspects of economies. And it critically analyzes various proposals for currency regimes for the region, including floating exchange rates, basket pegs, and currency union.
