Download or read book Home Range and Habitat Use of Northern Mexican Garter Snakes Thamnophis Eques Megalops in Central Arizona written by Megan Young and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microhabitat and Movement Assessment for Northern Mexican Gartersnakes Thamnophis Eques Megalops at Bubbling Ponds Hatchery Arizona written by Tiffany A. Sprague and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Species conservation requires an understanding of the habitats on which that species depends as well as how it moves within and among those habitats. Knowledge of these spatial and temporal patterns is vital for effective management and research study design. Bubbling Ponds Hatchery in Cornville, Arizona, supports a robust population of the northern Mexican gartersnake (Thamnophis eques megalops), which was listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 2014. Natural resource managers are interested in understanding the ecology of gartersnakes at this site to guide hatchery operations and to serve as a model for habitat creation and restoration. My objectives were to identify habitat selection and activity patterns of northern Mexican gartersnakes at the hatchery and how frequency of monitoring affects study results. I deployed transmitters on 42 individual gartersnakes and documented macro- and microhabitat selection, daily and seasonal activity patterns, and movement distances. Habitat selection and movements were similar between males and females and varied seasonally. During the active season (March-October), snakes primarily selected wetland edge habitat with abundant cover and were more active and moved longer distances than during other parts of the year. Gestating females selected similar locations but with less dense cover. During the inactive season (November-February), snakes were less mobile and selected upland habitats, including rocky slopes with abundant vegetation. Snakes displayed diurnal patterns of activity. Estimates of daily distance traveled decreased with less-frequent monitoring; a sampling interval of once every 24 hours yielded only 53-62% of known daily distances moved during the active season. These results can help inform management activities and research design. Conservation of this species should incorporate a landscape-level approach that includes abundant wetland edge habitat with connected upland areas. Resource managers and researchers should carefully assess timing and frequency of activities in order to meet project objectives.
Download or read book Variations and Genetic Relationships of the Garter snakes written by Alexander Grant Ruthven and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is an attempt to do classification on the garter-snake group to help define differences between natural groups and clarify the systematic arrangements.
Download or read book Habitat Use and Abundance of the Common Garter Snake Thamnophis Sirtalis at the Northern Limit of Its Range in Manitoba written by Jonathan P. Wiens and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is a wide-ranging species that reaches the northern limit of its range in central Manitoba. Although Thamnophis sirtalis (and especially the subspecies parietalis) has been the subject of intense biological research, there are large gaps of knowledge regarding the ecology of this species in extreme northern latitudes. A recently discovered northern hibernaculum in the boreal forest region near Jenpeg, Manitoba, provided an ideal opportunity for comparing the ecology and biology of this species with geographically distant populations. The climate at Jenpeg is sub-arctic continental and consists of cold winters, and cool short summers. The area lies on the Canadian Shield. and is characterized by surface outcrops of granitic bedrock. Garter snakes were found colonizing artificial habitat features for winter habitat including dikes and rock quarries. Research on the ecology of this species was conducted from May 2005 to May 2007. Snakes emerged in late April and early May. Activity at the den lasted approximately two weeks before snakes dispersed for the summer. Mark-recapture results from 2005 indicate that this population is small (~79 individuals +_ 10.6) and exhibits a wide variation in adult sizes (350-1340 mm total length). Radio telemetry and funnel trapping have shown that summer habitat use is concentrated around wetlands. with wood frogs (Lithobates sylvatica) constituting the most common food source (56%). Many snakes dispersed over distances exceeding two kilometres, despite the apparent abundance of prey species near the den site. Analysis of colour patterns revealed substantial variation in the skin folds between the lateral scales. The majority of snakes expressed no red colouration on the lateral scales (45%) while some individuals expressed rare examples of bright red colouration (erythristism) (6%) and dark colouration (melanism) (1%). Traditional local knowledge gathered from aboriginal hunters, fishers and trappers outlined the long-term presence of garter snakes in the region, and provided local distribution data for the species. Aboriginal peoples stated that the overall population density of snakes in the region was low, and provided additional support for the findings of large variation in body sizes and colour. It is hypothesized that relative reproductive isolation and a prolonged overwintering period are factors contributing to the uniqueness of this northern population. Information from this study will benefit our understanding of garter snake biology and provide valuable information to assist the conservation efforts of wildlife and landscape managers in the region.
Download or read book Foraging Behavior and Habitat Use in an Insular Population of Eastern Garter Snakes Thamnophis Sirtalis written by Ruth Eamon Howell and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants Northern Mexican Gartersnake and Narrow Headed Gartersnake Threatened Status Us Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation Fws 2018 Edition written by The Law The Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-11-04 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants - Northern Mexican Gartersnake and Narrow-headed Gartersnake - Threatened Status (US Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation) (FWS) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants - Northern Mexican Gartersnake and Narrow-headed Gartersnake - Threatened Status (US Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation) (FWS) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), determine threatened species status under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (Act), as amended, for the northern Mexican gartersnake (Thamnophis eques megalops) and the narrow-headed gartersnake (Thamnophis rufipunctatus), native species from Arizona and New Mexico in the United States. We also finalize a rule under authority of section 4(d) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act), that provides measures that are necessary and advisable to provide for the conservation of the northern Mexican gartersnake. Both species are listed as threatened throughout their range, which, for the northern Mexican gartersnake, also includes the Mexican states of Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila, Zacatecas, Guanajuato, Nayarit, Hidalgo, Jalisco, San Luis Potosí, Aguascalientes, Tlaxacala, Puebla, México, Veracruz, and Querétaro. The effect of this regulation will be to add these species to the lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants. This book contains: - The complete text of the Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants - Northern Mexican Gartersnake and Narrow-headed Gartersnake - Threatened Status (US Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation) (FWS) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section
Download or read book The Garter Snakes written by Douglas Athon Rossman and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Garter Snakes: Evolution and Ecology is the first comprehensive review of the genus Thamnophis in nearly ninety years. The book includes color plates of all species (many never previously figured in color); extensive discussion of ecology, behavior, and captive care; and a modern key to all species - as well as species-by-species summaries of the systematics and natural history of the thirty different garter snakes now recognized. Of particular interest are the descriptions of lesser-known species in Mexico. Because interest in reptiles has grown dramatically in recent years, this comprehensive guide is designed to appeal to as wide an audience as possible - to both the professional herpetologist interested in the biology of Thamnophis and the hobbyist who wants to know more about these diverse and widespread snakes, both in the home aquarium and in the wild. This up-to-date, appealing book, written by the world's leading authorities, will be extremely useful not only to herpetologists but also to conservationists, ecologists, pet owners, and other readers generally interested in natural history.
Download or read book Thermal Preference and Habitat Use of Eastern Garter Snakes Thamnophis Sirtalis Sirtalis in a Southern Ontario Peatland written by Curtis Abney and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Garter snakes are the most widespread reptile in North America. Despite occupying vastly different biogeoclimatic zones across their range, evidence suggests that the thermal preference (Tsel) of garter snakes has not significantly diverged among populations or different Thamnophis species. The reason for garter snake's wide thermal tolerance could lie in their flexible thermoregulatory behaviours and habitat use. I aimed to investigate this relationship by first identifying the Tsel of a common garter snake species (Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis) via a thermal gradient in the lab. I used this Tsel parameter (27.82 - 32.15 oC) as a benchmark for calculating the thermal quality of open, mixed, and forested habitats all used by the species. I measured the thermal profiles of these habitats by installing a series of operative temperature models that mimicked the thermal properties of living garter snakes and recorded environmental temperatures as living snakes experience them. Lastly, I used coverboards to survey the habitat usage of T. s. sirtalis. Of the three habitats, I found that the open habitat offered the highest thermal quality throughout the snake's active season. In contrast, I recorded the greatest number of snakes using the mixed habitat which had considerably lower thermal quality. Although the open habitat offered the greatest thermal quality on average, environmental temperatures regularly exceeded the upper limits of the animals' thermal tolerance, greatly restricting the activity window for Eastern garter snakes. Therefore, the open habitat may be less thermally attractive to T. s. sirtalis. My data show that not all habitat types used by Eastern garter snakes share the same quality and the relationship is not as simple as warm, open habitats are better. Rather, these animals may preferentially seek out areas that offer a mix of both open and closed-canopy spaces to suit their thermoregulatory needs. In conclusion, T. s. sirtalis may select more thermally stable habitats over those that present them with thermal extremes and greater constraints to their surface activity.
Download or read book Phenotypic Variation in Common Garter Snakes Thamnophis Sirtalis in the Southeastern United States in Relation to Sex and Habitat Use written by Zachary William Martin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Occurrence of the Garter Snake Thamnophis sirtalis in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains written by T. Paul Maslin and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occurrence of the Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis, in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains is a work by T. Paul Maslin. Garter snake is a common place name for largely innocuous, small to medium-sized serpents fitting to the genus Thamnophis in the family Colubridae. Native to North and Central America, species in the genus Thamnophis can be discovered from the subarctic plains of Canada to Costa Rica.
Download or read book Giant Gartersnake Spatial Ecology in Agricultural and Constructed Wetlands written by Patricia M. Valcarcel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spatial ecology of a species is a vital component of informed management and restoration plans, yet little is known about how animals use restored or constructed habitat. We assessed home ranges, core areas, and habitat selection of the federally threatened Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) using rice agricultural habitat and recently constructed wetlands used as conservation banks. Space use patterns were estimated from radio tracking 19 unique adult female snakes over 2 years at a site that is the center of conservation efforts for the species. Home ranges (95% kernel density contour) and core areas (50% kernel density contour) were estimated for size, configuration, and overlap of the home range utilization distributions. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to assess habitat influences on microhabitat use. Contrary to expectations, but consistent across years, we found home ranges in the agricultural habitat were on average 80% smaller and had less variation among individuals than those in the constructed wetlands. Snakes in agricultural habitat also had greater and more uniform home range overlap as indicated by the utilization distribution overlap index. We combined all of the snakes to analyze microhabitat selection and used a matched location-random point design. Vegetation patch edges were used more often than interior locations in patches greater than six meters in diameter. This indicates that habitat complexity is an important consideration for habitat conservation plans. We were unable to detect differences in habitat use based upon vegetation composition at a small spatial scale. Temperature also influences reptile habitat selection, and a thermal description of the three macrohabitats (terrestrial vegetation, emergent vegetation, and open water) at our site showed extreme afternoon temperatures limit the use of terrestrial surface habitat by the Giant Gartersnake. The restricted home ranges observed in the snakes in agriculture suggest we need further investigation into dispersal movements and habitat connectivity to better inform regional conservation planning. Recovery efforts for the Giant Gartersnake, including construction and management of new wetlands, will benefit from greater knowledge of their space use patterns described by our research.
Download or read book Observations on Garter Snakes of the Thamnophis Eques Complex in the Lakes of Mexico s Transvolcanic Belt with Descriptions of New Taxa written by Roger Conant and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ontogenetic Changes in the Foraging Behavior Habitat Use and Food Habits of the Western Aquatic Garter Snake Thamnophis Couchii at Hurdygurdy Creek Del Norte County California written by Amy J. Lind and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Habitat Use by Northwestern Gartersnakes Thamnophis Ordinoides in Saanich British Columbia written by Graham Dixon-MacCallum and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding habitat requirements of species is fundamental for their conservation. Comparing habitat variables measured at locations where animals are found to random locations is one method of understanding how a species uses its habitat non-randomly. Northwestern gartersnakes (Thamnophis ordinoides) are common in parks in Victoria, but their specific habitat requirements are poorly understood. Victoria's parks vary in habitat composition from mature Douglas-fir forest to Garry Oak meadow, with open grassy areas, to parking lots and patches of dense invasive shrubs. Based on previous studies and thermoregulatory needs of snakes, I predicted that substrate temperature and distance to edge would be of greatest importance in determining where snakes would be found. From May to September, 2012 I captured 124 northwestern gartersnakes by hand on random transects and habitat edge surveys. At capture locations and randomly chosen points nearby I measured the composition and structure of vegetation, as well as abiotic factors such as substrate temperature, aspect and slope. Also, I used air photos and GIS to determine proportional use of broad habitat types at home range scale. I found differential use of habitat between the sexes in relation to the proportion of herbaceous vegetation and organic litter. Northwestern gartersnakes generally use locations that are warmer than random locations, though individuals that have fed recently have a greater thermophilic response than snakes that have not. Overall, at small scale, distance to edge was the most important variable measured. At large scale, estimated home ranges contained more open ground as northwestern gartersnake snout-vent-length (SVL) increased (presumably because they had fewer potential predators and could more afford to use open habitats). These results support my hypothesis that warm locations that are close to habitat edges are important habitat for northwestern gartersnakes. The parks at which I conducted surveys appear to have large populations of northwestern gartersnakes with abundant habitat. However, the fact that habitat is used does not necessarily indicate that it is of high quality, and further research is required to determine if these populations are stable, increasing, or decreasing.
Download or read book Observations on Garter Snakes of the Thamnophis Eques Complex in the Lakes of Mexico s Transvolcanic Belt with Descriptions of New Taxa American Museum Novitates written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Garter Snakes the Complete Guide written by Roger Terry and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-14 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Garter snakes are some of the most commonly encountered snakes in North America, and most people will see one in their backyard or at a local park at some point in their lives. Part of the reason they're so commonly encountered is that they often live in disturbed areas, near human habitation. Given that they thrive in close proximity to humans, it shouldn't come as a surprise that garter snakes also thrive in captivity. But while garter snakes can make rewarding pets, you'll have to learn as much as you can about their biology, their way of life and the habitats from which they hail to ensure your pet will enjoy a high quality of life. Inside, you will find all of the information you need to give a green snake a good home and ensure he enjoys a high quality of life. If you incorporate the lessons presented here and remain observant of your new pet, you'll have a great chance of giving him a long, healthy life.
Download or read book COMPARATIVE ECOLOGY OF THE COMMON GARTER SNAKE THAMNOPHIS S SIRTALIS THE RIBBON SNAKE THAMNOPHIS S SAURITUS AND BUTLER S GARTER SNAKE THAMNOPHIS BUTLERI IN MIXED POPULATION written by Charles Congden Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
