Download or read book Holonyms and Meronyms Vocabulary Building written by Manik Joshi and published by Manik Joshi. This book was released on 2014-10-25 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are “Holonyms and Meronyms”? HOLONYMS ---- [Holo- Whole; -Onym: Name] Holonym is a word that denotes a thing that is complete in itself and whose part, member or substance is represented by another word. Holonym [singular] | Holonyms [plural] Example: ‘Bird’ is a holonym of ‘Feather’. Derived terms related to ‘Holonyms’: Holonymous Words that are Holonyms are said to be Holonymous. Holonymy The state of being a Holonym is called Holonymy. MERONYMS ---- [Mero- Part; -Onym: Name] Meronym is a word that denotes a constituent part, member or substance of something that is complete in itself. Meronym [singular] | Meronyms [plural] Example: ‘Feather’ is a meronym of ‘Bird’. Derived terms related to ‘Meronyms’: Meronymous Words that are Meronyms are said to be Meronymous. Meronymy The state of being a Meronym is called Meronymy. Holonyms and Meronyms -- A Holonym / Meronym -- Example A1 -- Holonym -- air-conditioner Meronyms -- blower / compressor / condenser coil / control panel / cooling coil / evaporator coil / expansion valve / fan / motor / temperature sensing bulb / thermostat Holonym / Meronym -- Example A2 -- Holonym -- airplane (aeroplane) Meronyms -- aileron / altimeter / black box / cabin / cargo / cockpit / cowling / elevator / fin / flap / flight deck / fuselage / galley / hatch / jet engine / leading edge / nose / propeller / rudder / seat / slat / tail / trailing edge / undercarriage / wing Holonym / Meronym -- Example A3 -- Holonym -- airport Meronyms -- airplane / airstrip / air terminal / control tower / hangar / lounge / taxiway / terminal Holonym / Meronym -- Example A4 -- Holonym -- algae Meronyms -- cell membrane / cell wall / chloroplast / cytoplasm / flagellum / nucleolus / nucleus / starch vacuole Holonym / Meronym -- Example A5 -- Holonym -- atom Meronyms -- electron / neutron / proton Other Examples: Holonym / Meronym -- Example A6 – ‘abacus’ is the holonym of ‘wire’ wire’ is a meronym of ‘abacus’ Holonym / Meronym -- Example A7 – ‘album’ is the holonym of ‘photograph’ ‘photograph’ is a meronym of ‘album’ Holonym / Meronym -- Example A8 -- ‘asparagus’ is the holonym of ‘spear’ ‘spear’ is a meronym of ‘asparagus’ Holonym / Meronym -- Example A9 -- ‘atmosphere’ is the holonym of ‘stratosphere’ ‘stratosphere’ is a meronym of ‘atmosphere’

Download or read book Holonyms and Meronyms written by Joshi Manik (author) and published by . This book was released on 1901 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Lexical Acquisition written by Uri Zernik and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2021-03-24 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On-line information -- and free text in particular -- has emerged as a major, yet unexploited, resource available in raw form. Available, but not accessible. The lexicon provides the major key for enabling accessibility to on-line text. The expert contributors to this book explore the range of possibilities for the generation of extensive lexicons. In so doing, they investigate the use of existing on-line dictionaries and thesauri, and explain how lexicons can be acquired from the corpus -- the text under investigation -- itself. Leading researchers in four related fields offer the latest investigations: computational linguists cover the natural language processing aspect; statisticians point out the issues involved in the use of massive data; experts discuss the limitations of current technology; and lexicographers share their experience in the design of the traditional dictionaries.

Download or read book Intelligent Search on XML Data written by Henk M. Blanken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-09-03 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, we have seen a steep increase in the popularity and adoption of XML, in areas such as traditional databases, e-business, the scientific environment, and on the web. Querying XML documents and data efficiently is a challenging issue; this book approaches search on XML data by combining content-based methods from information retrieval and structure-based XML query methods and presents the following parts: applications, query languages, retrieval models, implementing intelligent XML systems, and evaluation. To appreciate the book, basic knowledge of traditional database technology, information retrieval, and XML is needed. The book is ideally suited for courses or seminars at the graduate level as well as for education of research and development professionals working on Web applications, digital libraries, database systems, and information retrieval.

Download or read book The Semantic Web Research and Applications written by Lora Aroyo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-05-21 with total page 983 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains papers from the technical program of the 6th European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2009), held from May 31 to June 4, 2009, in Heraklion, Greece. ESWC 2009 presented the latest results in research and applications of Semantic Web technologies. In addition to the technical research track, ESWC 2009 featured a tutorial program, a PhD symposium, a system demo track, a poster track, a number of collocated workshops, and for the ?rst time in the series a Semantic Web in-use track exploring the bene?ts of applying Semantic Web technology in real-life applications and contexts. Thetechnical researchpaper trackreceivedover250submissions.The review process was organized using a two-tiered system, where each submission was reviewed by at least three members of the Program Committee. Vice Program CommitteeChairsorganizedadiscussionbetweenreviewers,collectedadditional reviews when necessary and provided a metareview for each submission. During a physical Program Committee meeting, the Vice Program Committee Chairs together with the Program Chairs selected 45 research papers to be presented at the conference.

Download or read book The Na ve Bayes Model for Unsupervised Word Sense Disambiguation written by Florentina T. Hristea and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-07 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent advances (from 2008 to 2012) concerning use of the Naïve Bayes model in unsupervised word sense disambiguation (WSD). While WSD, in general, has a number of important applications in various fields of artificial intelligence (information retrieval, text processing, machine translation, message understanding, man-machine communication etc.), unsupervised WSD is considered important because it is language-independent and does not require previously annotated corpora. The Naïve Bayes model has been widely used in supervised WSD, but its use in unsupervised WSD has led to more modest disambiguation results and has been less frequent. It seems that the potential of this statistical model with respect to unsupervised WSD continues to remain insufficiently explored. The present book contends that the Naïve Bayes model needs to be fed knowledge in order to perform well as a clustering technique for unsupervised WSD and examines three entirely different sources of such knowledge for feature selection: WordNet, dependency relations and web N-grams. WSD with an underlying Naïve Bayes model is ultimately positioned on the border between unsupervised and knowledge-based techniques. The benefits of feeding knowledge (of various natures) to a knowledge-lean algorithm for unsupervised WSD that uses the Naïve Bayes model as clustering technique are clearly highlighted. The discussion shows that the Naïve Bayes model still holds promise for the open problem of unsupervised WSD.

Download or read book Semantics Lexical Structures and Adjectives written by Claudia Maienborn and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover vital research on the lexical and cognitive meanings of words. In this exciting book from a team of world-class researchers, in-depth articles explain a wide range of topics, including thematic roles, sense relation, ambiguity and comparison. The authors focus on the cognitive and conceptual structure of words and their meaning extensions such as coercion, metaphors and metonymies. The book features highly cited material – available in paperback for the first time since its publication – and is an essential starting point for anyone interested in lexical semantics, especially where it meets other cognitive and conceptual research.

Download or read book Learning Analytics written by Johann Ari Larusson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-04 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In education today, technology alone doesn't always lead to immediate success for students or institutions. In order to gauge the efficacy of educational technology, we need ways to measure the efficacy of educational practices in their own right. Through a better understanding of how learning takes place, we may work toward establishing best practices for students, educators, and institutions. These goals can be accomplished with learning analytics. Learning Analytics: From Research to Practice updates this emerging field with the latest in theories, findings, strategies, and tools from across education and technological disciplines. Guiding readers through preparation, design, and examples of implementation, this pioneering reference clarifies LA methods as not mere data collection but sophisticated, systems-based analysis with practical applicability inside the classroom and in the larger world. Case studies illustrate applications of LA throughout academic settings (e.g., intervention, advisement, technology design), and their resulting impact on pedagogy and learning. The goal is to bring greater efficiency and deeper engagement to individual students, learning communities, and educators, as chapters show diverse uses of learning analytics to: Enhance student and faculty performance. Improve student understanding of course material. Assess and attend to the needs of struggling learners. Improve accuracy in grading. Allow instructors to assess and develop their own strengths. Encourage more efficient use of resources at the institutional level. Researchers and practitioners in educational technology, IT, and the learning sciences will hail the information in Learning Analytics: From Research to Practice as a springboard to new levels of student, instructor, and institutional success.

Download or read book Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow written by Thushan Ganegedara and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Write modern natural language processing applications using deep learning algorithms and TensorFlow Key Features Focuses on more efficient natural language processing using TensorFlow Covers NLP as a field in its own right to improve understanding for choosing TensorFlow tools and other deep learning approaches Provides choices for how to process and evaluate large unstructured text datasets Learn to apply the TensorFlow toolbox to specific tasks in the most interesting field in artificial intelligence Book Description Natural language processing (NLP) supplies the majority of data available to deep learning applications, while TensorFlow is the most important deep learning framework currently available. Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow brings TensorFlow and NLP together to give you invaluable tools to work with the immense volume of unstructured data in today’s data streams, and apply these tools to specific NLP tasks. Thushan Ganegedara starts by giving you a grounding in NLP and TensorFlow basics. You'll then learn how to use Word2vec, including advanced extensions, to create word embeddings that turn sequences of words into vectors accessible to deep learning algorithms. Chapters on classical deep learning algorithms, like convolutional neural networks (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), demonstrate important NLP tasks as sentence classification and language generation. You will learn how to apply high-performance RNN models, like long short-term memory (LSTM) cells, to NLP tasks. You will also explore neural machine translation and implement a neural machine translator. After reading this book, you will gain an understanding of NLP and you'll have the skills to apply TensorFlow in deep learning NLP applications, and how to perform specific NLP tasks. What you will learn Core concepts of NLP and various approaches to natural language processing How to solve NLP tasks by applying TensorFlow functions to create neural networks Strategies to process large amounts of data into word representations that can be used by deep learning applications Techniques for performing sentence classification and language generation using CNNs and RNNs About employing state-of-the art advanced RNNs, like long short-term memory, to solve complex text generation tasks How to write automatic translation programs and implement an actual neural machine translator from scratch The trends and innovations that are paving the future in NLP Who this book is for This book is for Python developers with a strong interest in deep learning, who want to learn how to leverage TensorFlow to simplify NLP tasks. Fundamental Python skills are assumed, as well as some knowledge of machine learning and undergraduate-level calculus and linear algebra. No previous natural language processing experience required, although some background in NLP or computational linguistics will be helpful.

Download or read book Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems written by Juan D. Velásquez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-15 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume set LNAI 5711 and LNAI 5712 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Sysetms, KES 2009, held in Santiago de Chile in September 2009. The 153 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The topics covered are: fuzzy and neuro-fuzzy systems, agent systems, knowledge based and expert systems, miscelleanous generic intelligent systems topics, intelligent vision and image processing, knowledge management, ontologies and data mining, web intelligence, text and multimedia mining and retrieval, other advanced knowledge-based systems, innovations in chance discovery, advanced knowledge-based systems, multi-agent negotiation and coordination, innovations in intelligent systems, intelligent technology approach to management engineering, data mining and service science for innovation, knowledge-based systems for e-business, video surveillance, social networks, advanced engineering design techniques for adaptive systems, knowledge technology in learning support, advanced information system for supporting personal activity, design of intelligent society, knowledge-based interface systems, knowledge-based multi-criteria decision support, soft computing techniques and their applications, immunity-based systems. The book also includes three keynote speaker plenary presentations.

Download or read book Constructing Professional Discourse written by Concepción Orna-Montesinos and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-17 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the fascinating role that language plays in the construction of non-verbal objects by mapping out the ontological meaning of the specialised concepts and the domain-specific knowledge embedded in them. In doing so, it provides a comprehensive linguistic insight into the discourse of professional domain-specific communities and hence, into the communication practices and procedures of those communities. In this respect, the book offers a response to the claims made by many of the most influential applied linguists today, such as Vijay Bhatia (1993, 2004), John Swales (1990, 2004) or Ken Hyland (2002), among others, who have consistently defended the need for applied linguistic research into the textual, generic and social perspectives on the under-researched interrelatedness of the discoursal and professional practices of a discipline. Specifically, this book provides readers with an integrative multi-perspective approach to the study of professional, domain-specific discourses. While it mainly draws on the tenets of genre theory and discourse semantics, it also nurtures from the theoretical and empirical foundations of applied linguistics, cognitive linguistics, corpus linguistics and ontological engineering. The book starts from the analysis of domain specific texts as final written products with specific lexico-grammatical, semantic and rhetorical features to later enquire into the written products as textual artefacts closely linked to the social context of production and interpretation of the text. This integrative approach provides fresh new insights into the way the processes of writing are affected by the community-specific, institutional and socio-historical circumstances in which domain-specific texts are produced.

Download or read book Hybrid Intelligent Systems for Information Retrieval written by Anuradha D Thakare and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-11-22 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid Intelligent Systems for Information Retrieval covers three areas along with the introduction to Intelligent IR, i.e., Optimal Information Retrieval Using Evolutionary Approaches, Semantic Search for Web Information Retrieval, and Natural Language Processing for Information Retrieval. • Talks about the design, implementation, and performance issues of the hybrid intelligent information retrieval system in one book • Gives a clear insight into challenges and issues in designing a hybrid information retrieval system • Includes case studies on structured and unstructured data for hybrid intelligent information retrieval • Provides research directions for the design and development of intelligent search engines This book is aimed primarily at graduates and researchers in the information retrieval domain.

Download or read book Technovedanta written by Antonin Tuynman and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2016-09-09 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Will the internet one day awaken as a conscious entity? Or do we need to design a structured architecture in order to impart the quality of consciousness to the web? In the present book Technovedanta an architecture for the internet as AwwwareNet is proposed based on stratifications derived from the Indian philosophy of Vedanta to create a functional mimic of consciousness, quasi-consciousness. The deep exploration in Nature's fundamental primacy of consciousness led me to the hypothesis of a panpsychic theory of everything. Welcome to a journey into the unfathomable realm of fantasy, the chaotic soup from which successful strategies are searched, pruned and concretised to fulfil the cosmosemiotic imperative of ever increasing complexity and meta-variegation. Welcome to this book of books, a modern clavicula to engender the eschatological apotheosis of Vedantic Singularity. Welcome to the unusual marriage between Technology and Vedanta.

Download or read book Semantics Volume 1 written by Claudia Maienborn and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-07-27 with total page 989 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "SEMANTICS (MAIENBORN ET AL.) BD. 33.1 HSK E-BOOK".

Download or read book Homonyms Homophones and Homographs Vocabulary Building written by Manik Joshi and published by Manik Joshi. This book was released on 2014-10-25 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HOMONYMS Homonym a word that is spelled like another word (or pronounced like it) but which has a different meaning, for example, Key meaning ‘set of answer to problems’ and Key meaning ‘button on computer keyboard’. The state of being a homonym is called homonymy. Very Important Note: In Strict Sense, Homonyms have the same spelling, same pronunciation, and different meaning. HOMONYMS in Strict Sense: Same Spelling / Same Pronunciation / Different meaning Homonyms are also known as “Multiple Meaning Words”. Examples: fare, principal, etc. Fare -- a passenger | Fare -- price Principal -- most important | Principal -- head of a school In Wider Sense, Homonyms can also include words that have the same or similar pronunciation (but different spelling) or the same spelling (but different pronunciation). In the first situation, they are called ‘HOMOPHONES’ In the second situation, they are called ‘HOMOGRAPHS’ HOMONYMS In Wider Sense: HOMOPHONES: Different Spelling / Same or Similar Pronunciation / Different meaning Note: ‘Homophones’ are also called ‘Heterographs’. Homophones are also known as “Sound-Alike Words”. Examples: ad/add, know/no, etc. ad -- advertisement | add -- to include know -- to have information | no -- refusal HOMOGRAPHS: Same Spelling / Different Pronunciation / Different meaning Note: ‘Homographs’ are also called ‘Heterophones’. Examples: bow, lead, etc. Bow (noun) -- [Pronunciation -- boʊ] -- a weapon used for shooting arrows Bow (verb) -- [Pronunciation -- baʊ] -- to move your head forwards and downwards Lead (noun) -- [Pronunciation -- led] -- a metallic element Lead (verb) -- [Pronunciation -- li:d] -- to go in front 100 HOMONYMS ALONG WITH THEIR MEANINGS: Sample This: 01. Accident 1. Accident -- an event in which injury or damage is caused in or by a vehicle 2. Accident -- something that happens unexpectedly 02. Action 1. Action -- a legal process 2. Action -- fighting in a war 03. Alight 1. Alight -- on fire 2. Alight -- to get out of a vehicle 04. Angle 1. Angle -- inclination of two lines with each, measure in degrees 2. Angle -- to catch fish 05. Arch 1. Arch -- curve; semicircle 2. Arch -- mischievous 600 HOMOPHONE PAIRS ALONG WITH THEIR MEANINGS: Sample This: 01. Abhorrent / Aberrant 1. Abhorrent -- causing hatred for moral reasons 2. Aberrant -- unusual and socially unacceptable 02. Accede / Exceed 1. Accede -- to agree 2. Exceed -- to surpass 03. Accept / Except 1. Accept -- to admit 2. Except -- apart from 04. Acclamation / Acclimation 1. Acclamation -- loud and enthusiastic welcome 2. Acclimation -- the process of getting used to a new climate or situation 05. Adapt / Adept / Adopt 1. Adapt -- to adjust or modify 2. Adept -- skillful 3. Adopt -- to become legal parents of somebody’s child 150 HOMOGRAPHS ALONG WITH THEIR MEANINGS: Sample This: 01. Absent 1. Absent (adjective) -- not present 2. Absent (verb) -- to not be in a place 02. Abuse 1. Abuse (noun) -- misuse 2. Abuse (verb) -- to misuse something 03. Accent 1. Accent (noun) -- pronunciation 2. Accent (verb) -- to put emphasis on a part of something 04. Address 1. Address (noun) -- details of the place where you live or work; postal address 2. Address (verb) -- to make a formal speech 05. Advocate 1. Advocate (noun) -- a supporter of something 2. Advocate (verb) -- to support something publicly

Download or read book Explainable Artificial Intelligence written by Luca Longo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-20 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This three-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First World Conference on Explainable Artificial Intelligence, xAI 2023, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in July 2023. The 94 papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the 220 qualified submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: ​ Part I: Interdisciplinary perspectives, approaches and strategies for xAI; Model-agnostic explanations, methods and techniques for xAI, Causality and Explainable AI; Explainable AI in Finance, cybersecurity, health-care and biomedicine. Part II: Surveys, benchmarks, visual representations and applications for xAI; xAI for decision-making and human-AI collaboration, for Machine Learning on Graphs with Ontologies and Graph Neural Networks; Actionable eXplainable AI, Semantics and explainability, and Explanations for Advice-Giving Systems. Part III: xAI for time series and Natural Language Processing; Human-centered explanations and xAI for Trustworthy and Responsible AI; Explainable and Interpretable AI with Argumentation, Representational Learning and concept extraction for xAI.

Download or read book Text Analytics with Python written by Dipanjan Sarkar and published by Apress. This book was released on 2016-11-30 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derive useful insights from your data using Python. You will learn both basic and advanced concepts, including text and language syntax, structure, and semantics. You will focus on algorithms and techniques, such as text classification, clustering, topic modeling, and text summarization. Text Analytics with Python teaches you the techniques related to natural language processing and text analytics, and you will gain the skills to know which technique is best suited to solve a particular problem. You will look at each technique and algorithm with both a bird's eye view to understand how it can be used as well as with a microscopic view to understand the mathematical concepts and to implement them to solve your own problems. What You Will Learn: Understand the major concepts and techniques of natural language processing (NLP) and text analytics, including syntax and structure Build a text classification system to categorize news articles, analyze app or game reviews using topic modeling and text summarization, and cluster popular movie synopses and analyze the sentiment of movie reviews Implement Python and popular open source libraries in NLP and text analytics, such as the natural language toolkit (nltk), gensim, scikit-learn, spaCy and Pattern Who This Book Is For : IT professionals, analysts, developers, linguistic experts, data scientists, and anyone with a keen interest in linguistics, analytics, and generating insights from textual data