Download or read book Holocene Sea level Change Across the Indo pacific written by Juliette Harrington and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Utilising reconstructed sunspot data, a statistically significant correlation between sunspot forcing and both palaeo and modern sea-level change was found. Evidence suggests that Indo-Pacific highstands occur over decadal to centennial timescales. The cause of these sea-level highstands (or maximum sea-level height prior to sea-level fall) is still under debate. Previous observational studies suggested that the underlying mechanisms of ENSO are responsive to solar forcing variations over decades to centuries. Here it is shown that sunspot forcing and low-frequency ENSO results in highstands across the Indo-Pacific. Operating at interannual timescales, El Nino relates to sea-level fall in the west Pacific and positive IOD relates to sea-level fall in the east Indian Ocean, while La Nina and negative IOD have the opposite effect. A statistically significant correlation between modern sunspot and both El Nino/posIOD and La Nina/negIOD has been identified. The latter may suggest a low-frequency correlation between sunspot increase and sea-level rise in addition to the correlation between sunspot decrease and sea-level fall. Thus, parameters used in current models may need to be adjusted to include the effects of solar forcing on sea-level change for past and future quantification. Decadal to centennial sea-level change has been shown to occur at a meter-scale level. Predicted global warming and an increase in sunspot forcing may have critical future implications for low-lying coastal and island communities across the Indo-Pacific, including high-density locations such as Sydney, Darwin, and Broome. This new empirical theory that suggests a pattern of sea-level change may act as a guide to understanding prehistoric movements across the Pacific and elsewhere. Decreased solar forcing and sea-level fall over decades to centuries is associated with widespread aridity, diminished reef fishing and island abandonment in the mid to west equatorial Pacific. During this time weakened southeast Tradewinds may have facilitated seafaring networks, and both eastward and higher latitude maritime migrations. The timing of these statistically correlated environmental occurrences is co-incident with Pacific migrations including the Lapita migration, and both pulses of the Polynesian expansion. These results suggest that long-term environmental change was an important contributing factor on the timing and motivation for prehistoric Pacific maritime migration. Further these findings suggest that the hotly debated AD1300 event was not an isolated incident but rather one of a number of sustained environmental conditions that occurred over the Holocene in response to decreased solar forcing.
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Sea level Changes and Their Effects written by John Noye and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains updated, reviewed versions of some selected papers on OC Sea-Level Changes and their EffectsOCO presented at the International Ocean and Atmosphere Pacific Conference (OAP 95), held in Adelaide, South Australia, 23OCo27 October 1995. In addition several reviewed articles on important topics not covered by the papers presented at OAP 95 were invited. The articles in this volume will find an audience among coastal developers, marine biologists and environmentalists. They cover a range of topics including the efforts of long-term sea-level rise on coastal flows and its impact on mangrove communities, the determination of long-term sea-level change relative to the vertical motion of the land, to the numerical modelling of short term sea-level changes due to tides, tsunamis and the weather. Contents: Sea-Level Change in the Pacific (P D Nunn); Effects of Sea-Level Rise on the Hydrodynamics of a Coral Reef Lagoon: Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii (C J Hearn & M J Atkinson); Possible Impacts of Predicted Sea-Level Rise on South Pacific Mangroves (J Ellison); Monitoring Sea Level: Who''s Monitoring the Land? (S M Turner & G M Homes); Relative Sea-Level Change and Geologic Corrections to South Australian Tide Gauge Records (E J Barnett & N Harvey); Low Frequency Sea Level Variability in the Western Tropical Pacific 1992OCo1998 (J-M Verstraete); An Analysis of Variance in Pacific Tide Gauge Data (J L Luick); Hindcast Modelling of Recent Tsunamis in the Australian Region (W M Mitchell et al.); Adaptation Policies-Addressing Climate Change Impacts in the Pacific Region (C Kaluwin). Readership: Students and scientists working on sea level-changes and their effects."
Download or read book Holocene Sea level Change in the Pacific Northwest written by Ian Hutchinson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Holocene Climate Changes in the Asia Pacific Region written by Liangcheng Tan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Holocene Sea level Scenarios in Bangladesh written by Towhida Rashid and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-06 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief deals with the reconstruction of Holocene paleoenvironment in the central part of Bangladesh in relation to relative sea-level (RSL) changes which is 200 km north from the present coastline. Lithofacies characteristics, mangal peat, diatom and paleophysiographical evidences were considered to reconstruct the past position and C-14 ages were used to determine the time of formation of the relative sea-level during the Holocene. With standard reference datum the required m.s.l. at the surface of five sections are calculate and the RSL curve suggests that Bangladesh has experienced two mid Holocene RSL transgressions punctuated by regressions. The abundant marine diatom and mangrove pollens indicates that the highest RSL transgression in Bangladesh is around 6000 cal BP which is attained at least 4.5 to 5m higher than the modern m.s.l. After this phase, the relative sea-level started to fall and consequently a freshwater peat developed around 5980―5700 cal BP. The abundant mangrove pollens in salt-marsh succession shows the regression around 5500 cal BP and, the height was 1―2 m higher than the modern sea level. These and more interesting findings are discussed in this Brief.
Download or read book Holocene Sea level Changes in Southeast Asia written by Maren Wohltmann and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holocene; sea-level change; sea-level indicators; Database; Indonesia; South and Southeast Asia.
Download or read book Wind Stress Over the Ocean written by Ian S. F. Jones and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-09-24 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive 2001 volume for researchers and graduate students in oceanography, meteorology, fluid dynamics and coastal engineering.
Download or read book Quaternary Sea Level Changes written by Colin V. Murray-Wallace and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important overview of Quaternary climates including detailed Pleistocene and Holocene sea-level changes, for researchers and graduate and advanced undergraduate students.
Download or read book HOLOCENE SEA LEVEL CHANGE IN T written by Yiying Sun and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Holocene Sea Level Change in the Western North Pacific Marginal Seas and Coastal Responses to Recent Sea Level Change in the Deep Bay Wetlands" by Yiying, Sun, 孙奕映, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The coast of East and Southeast Asia is a far-field region and thus a scientifically valuable site for sea level and coastal study. The high population density in low-lying coastal areas of this region means a high vulnerability to human society if sea level is going to rise in the future. This research is designed to tackle two scientific issues: (1) Analyze the past local land level change including the levering effect and tectonic movements; and (2) Investigate how coastal system have responded to past sea level change. In order to tackle the first issue, three glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) models were simulated to produce a series of predictions for the study area, and 560 sea level data from published sources were re-analyzed and re-calibrated to convert them into useable sea level index points for sea level reconstructions. After a comparison between the model predictions and the reconstructed sea level histories, the effects of GIA, levering effects and tectonic movements are identified and assessed. The results show the three coastal sectors have had different responses to sea-level change. The Sundaland Block as a teconically stable region is more sensitive to GIA intensity changes. The Cathaysian Block is also sensitive to GIA intensity changes. But the coast was affected by small magnitude, localized uplift and subsidence. These tectonic movements can be clearly distinguished from the GIA processes, paving the way for eventual quantification of land movements. The Yangtze Block and North China Craton are located in low to middle latitudes, but still show characteristics of far-field GIA. Tectonic movement in this sector is relatively negligible, except the west Bohai Bay where subsidence is more obvious. For the second issue, the sedimentary sequence of a protected coastal wetland (Mai Po) in Hong Kong was investigated. Its developmental history and how it has responded to the past sea level change were examined. The results show, before 1000 years ago, the Mai Po area was a subtidal area, with sandy silt and abundant marine shells deposited in seabed implying an environment under deeper water and with better sea water exchange. A change took place about 800 years ago, and the area became a low energy environment with finer sediment and no marine shell. Soon after this, the sedimentation slowed down markedly possibly due to a fall in sea level. By about 200 years ago, mangrove vegetation colonized the site and kept expanding seawards progressively. In the past 100 years, due to human activity in the Deep Bay area, sedimentary supply from both Hong Kong and Shenzhen has increased. As sea level has also risen, another phase of rapid sedimentation takes place in the lower part of the mangrove forest and current mudflats. Subjects: Sea level - South China Sea Sea level - Yellow Sea Sea level - East China Sea Geology, Stratigrahic - Holcene
Download or read book Environmental Change in the Pacific Basin written by Patrick D. Nunn and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1999-06-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Talk of the human-enhanced greenhouse effect and the ways in which it may affect our lives has made many people more aware of environmental change. We have come to realize that the environment is and has always bean in a state of continuous change, and that we and other organisms have had to adjust our lifestyles accordingly. This book focuses on the Pacific Basin, a vast region which can be considered a microcosm of the entire surface of the Earth and which has suffered from being marginalized in most accounts of Earth-surface processes and phenomena. In this book, the Pacific Basin includes the Pacific Ocean and Islands and also the Pacific Rim which is divided into the subregions of Antarctica, South America, Central America, North America, Beringia, East Asia and Australasia. Professor Nunn begins by outlining the distant origins of the modern Pacific Basin more than 1000 million years ago, then traces its development through the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic into the Cenozoic Era. For this time the last 66 million years - the history of environmental change becomes progressively better known. For the last 1.8 million years (the Quaternary period), the Earth s climate has oscillated between warm and cool, producing synchronous environmental changes throughout most of the Pacific Basin. The importance of volcanism and tectonics (land-level movements) for which the Pacific Basin is well known as causes of environmental change is explained in detail. The effects of human activities on most Pacific Basin environments began to be registered only during the Holocene the last 12 000 years culminating in the environmental crisis which currently afflicts many parts of this region. While the role of humans in altering Pacific Basin environments is discussed in detail, considerable attention is also given to the ways in which environmental change caused changes to human lifestyles which had far-reaching consequences.
Download or read book Holocene Sea Level Change in the Western North Pacific Marginal Seas and Coastal Responses to Recent Sea Level Change in the Deep Bay Wetlands written by Yiying Sun and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Holocene Sea Level Change in the Western North Pacific Marginal Seas and Coastal Responses to Recent Sea Level Change in the Deep Bay Wetlands" by Yiying, Sun, 孙奕映, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The coast of East and Southeast Asia is a far-field region and thus a scientifically valuable site for sea level and coastal study. The high population density in low-lying coastal areas of this region means a high vulnerability to human society if sea level is going to rise in the future. This research is designed to tackle two scientific issues: (1) Analyze the past local land level change including the levering effect and tectonic movements; and (2) Investigate how coastal system have responded to past sea level change. In order to tackle the first issue, three glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) models were simulated to produce a series of predictions for the study area, and 560 sea level data from published sources were re-analyzed and re-calibrated to convert them into useable sea level index points for sea level reconstructions. After a comparison between the model predictions and the reconstructed sea level histories, the effects of GIA, levering effects and tectonic movements are identified and assessed. The results show the three coastal sectors have had different responses to sea-level change. The Sundaland Block as a teconically stable region is more sensitive to GIA intensity changes. The Cathaysian Block is also sensitive to GIA intensity changes. But the coast was affected by small magnitude, localized uplift and subsidence. These tectonic movements can be clearly distinguished from the GIA processes, paving the way for eventual quantification of land movements. The Yangtze Block and North China Craton are located in low to middle latitudes, but still show characteristics of far-field GIA. Tectonic movement in this sector is relatively negligible, except the west Bohai Bay where subsidence is more obvious. For the second issue, the sedimentary sequence of a protected coastal wetland (Mai Po) in Hong Kong was investigated. Its developmental history and how it has responded to the past sea level change were examined. The results show, before 1000 years ago, the Mai Po area was a subtidal area, with sandy silt and abundant marine shells deposited in seabed implying an environment under deeper water and with better sea water exchange. A change took place about 800 years ago, and the area became a low energy environment with finer sediment and no marine shell. Soon after this, the sedimentation slowed down markedly possibly due to a fall in sea level. By about 200 years ago, mangrove vegetation colonized the site and kept expanding seawards progressively. In the past 100 years, due to human activity in the Deep Bay area, sedimentary supply from both Hong Kong and Shenzhen has increased. As sea level has also risen, another phase of rapid sedimentation takes place in the lower part of the mangrove forest and current mudflats. Subjects: Sea level - South China Sea Sea level - Yellow Sea Sea level - East China Sea Geology, Stratigrahic - Holcene
Download or read book Quaternary Sea Level Changes written by Colin V. Murray-Wallace and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been significant changes in sea level over the past two million years, and a complete understanding of natural cycles of change as well as anthropogenic effects is imperative for future global development. This book reviews the history of research into these sea-level changes and summarises the methods and analytical approaches used to interpret evidence for sea-level changes. It provides an overview of changing climates during the Quaternary, examines processes responsible for global variability of sea-level records, and presents detailed reviews of sea-level changes for the Pleistocene and Holocene. The book concludes by discussing current trends in sea levels and likely future sea-level changes. This is an important and authoritative resource for academic researchers and graduate and advanced undergraduate students working in tectonics, stratigraphy, geomorphology, physical geography, environmental science and other aspects of Quaternary studies.
Download or read book Climate Change Implications and Adaptation Strategies for the Indo Pacific Island Nations written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Late Quaternary Indo Pacific Climate Monsoons and Warm Currents written by Hema Achyuthan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-04-07 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs written by David Hopley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-26 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs are the largest landforms built by plants and animals. Their study therefore incorporates a wide range of disciplines. This encyclopedia approaches coral reefs from an earth science perspective, concentrating especially on modern reefs. Currently coral reefs are under high stress, most prominently from climate change with changes to water temperature, sea level and ocean acidification particularly damaging. Modern reefs have evolved through the massive environmental changes of the Quaternary with long periods of exposure during glacially lowered sea level periods and short periods of interglacial growth. The entries in this encyclopedia condense the large amount of work carried out since Charles Darwin first attempted to understand reef evolution. Leading authorities from many countries have contributed to the entries covering areas of geology, geography and ecology, providing comprehensive access to the most up-to-date research on the structure, form and processes operating on Quaternary coral reefs.
Download or read book Handbook of Sea Level Research written by Ian Shennan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-19 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measuring sea-level change – be that rise or fall – is one of the most pressing scientific goals of our time and requires robust scientific approaches and techniques. This Handbook aims to provide a practical guide to readers interested in this challenge, from the initial design of research approaches through to the practical issues of data collection and interpretation from a diverse range of coastal environments. Building on thirty years of international research, the Handbook comprises 38 chapters that are authored by leading experts from around the world. The Handbook will be an important resource to scientists interested and involved in understanding sea-level changes across a broad range of disciplines, policy makers wanting to appreciate our current state of knowledge of sea-level change over different timescales, and many teachers at the university level, as well as advanced-level undergraduates and postgraduate research students, wanting to learn more about sea-level change. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com\go\shennan\sealevel
