Download or read book Holocene Settlement of the Egyptian Sahara written by Fred Wendorf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: by Fred Wendorf and Romuald Schild The Eastern Sahara is a fascinating place to study structures. These larger, more complex sites are almost prehistory. Confronted with the stark reality of a hyper always in the lower parts of large basins, most of which arid environment that receives no measurable rainfall, were formed by deflation during the Late Pleistocene lacks vegetation, and is seemingly without life, it would hyper-arid interval between about 65,000 and 13,000 seem to be an unlikely place to find a rich and complex years ago. Their location near the floor of these basins mosaic of archaeological remains documenting past was influenced primarily by one factor - water. During human presence. Despite this impression of a hostile wet phases, runoff from extensive catchment areas environment, there is widespread and abundant caused the development of large, deep, seasonal lakes, archaeological evidence. or playas, in the lowermost parts of these basins. This It is obvious that this area was not always a lifeless surface water would last for several weeks or months desert. Faunal and plant remains found in the excavations after the seasonal rains, and by digging wells after the at Holocene-age settlements, dating between 9500 and playa became dry, water could still be obtained during 5000 radiocarbon years ago, indicate that rainfall during most, if not all, of the dry season.

Download or read book Holocene Palaeoenvironmental History of the Central Sahara written by Roland Baumhauer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-02-27 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The environmental setting within the Central Sahara was subject to considerable changes during Late Quaternary, mainly driven by major global climate variations, although human impact increased constantly since Early Holocene.Such global events can be reconstructed with the help of reliefs, sediments and palaeosoils and their specific morphological

Download or read book The Sahara written by Jeremy Keenan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection examines the Sahara holistically from the earliest (prehistoric) times through the ‘historical’ period to the present and with political direction into the future. The contributions cover palaeoclimatology, history, archaeology (cultural heritage), social anthropology, sociology, politics and international affairs. Structured chronologically, the volume can almost be read as a narrative of the Sahara from the earliest times to the present, i.e. from the past climates of the Sahara in prehistoric times to the current ‘war on terror’ and its implications for the peoples of the Sahara. Importantly, the collection shows how the region must be approached ‘holistically’, highlighting the importance of each of these subject areas (palaeo-climates, history, politics, etc.) in relation to each other. Indeed, the first contribution is a remarkable (and unique) paper, bringing together the work of some 8-9 internationally recognised scientists to tell the story and show the relevance to the present day of the Sahara’s past climates etc. Nearly all the contributions stand in their own right at the cutting edge of research in their respective fields (e.g. archaeology, history, politics, etc.). This book was previously published as a special issue of the Journal of North African Studies.

Download or read book Saharan Hunter Gatherers written by Savino di Lernia and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-28 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the archaeology of the Acacus massif and surrounding areas in southwestern Libya over approximately 2500 years of the Early Holocene, utilising fresh theoretical approaches and new explanations of the social and cultural processes of the area. Archaeological and rock art evidence, much of which is unpublished until now, is used to explore the crucial period that encompasses the onset of the “Green Sahara” to the introduction of domestic livestock. It provides a basis for understanding the original cultural and social developments of hunter-gatherers and foragers of the central ranges of the Sahara. The work also bears upon the wider area informing the reconstruction of the environment and cultural dynamics and stands as key reference point for the larger Sahara and North Africa. The book, rich in illustrations, provides a critical synthesis and overview of the developments of central Saharan archaeology within the broader African framework. The book is invaluable to archaeologists, palaeoenvironmental scientists, and rock art researchers working on the Sahara and North Africa and as comparative work for researchers in African archaeology in general.

Download or read book The Holocene written by Neil Roberts and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Holocene provides students, researchers and lay-readers with the remarkable story of how the natural world has been transformed since the end of the last Ice Age around 15,000 years ago. This period has witnessed a shift from environmental changes determined by natural forces to those dominated by human actions, including those of climate and greenhouse gases. Understanding the environmental changes - both natural and anthropogenic - that have occurred during the Holocene is of crucial importance if we are to achieve a sustainable environmental future. Revised and updated to take full account of the most recent advances, the third edition of this classic text includes substantial material on the scientific methods that are used to reconstruct and date past environments, as well as new concepts such as the Anthropocene. The book is fully-illustrated, global in coverage, and contains case studies, a glossary and more than 500 new references.

Download or read book Holocene Climate Change and Environment written by Navnith Kumaran and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holocene Climate Change and Environment presents detailed, diverse case studies from a range of environmental and geological regions on the Indian subcontinent which occupies the central part of the monsoon domain. This book examines Holocene events at different time intervals based on a new, high-resolution, multi-proxy records (pollen, spores, NPP, diatoms, grain size characteristics, total organic carbon, carbon/nitrogen ratio, stable isotopes) and other physical tools from all regions of India. It also covers new facilities in chronological study and luminescence dating, which have added a new dimension toward understanding the Holocene glacial retreats evolution of coastal landforms, landscape dynamics and human evolution. Each chapter is presented with a unified structure for ease of access and application, including an introduction, geographic details, field work and sampling techniques, methods, results and discussion. This detailed examination of such an important region provides key insights in climate modeling and global prediction systems. - Provides data and research from environmentally and geologically diverse regions across the Indian subcontinent - Presents an integrated and interdisciplinary approach, including considerations of human impacts - Features detailed case studies that include methods and data, allowing for applications related to research and global modeling

Download or read book Uan Tabu in the Settlement History of the Libyan Sahara written by Elena A. A. Garcea and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2001-07-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uan Tabu is a rockshelter on the left bank of the central valley of the Wadi Teshuinat, which is a main ancient water course in the Tadrart Acacus mountain range. It is located in the Fezzan region, south-western Libya (Great Jamahirya). The site was discovered by Fabrizio Mori in 1960 and was re-excavated and studied by a multi-disciplinary team at the beginning of the 1990s. It has also remarkable rock art that includes paintings from the Round Head and Pastoral phases. Between 1960 and 1963, a trench was dug into the archaeological deposit at the foot of the rock wall. The results of the 1960s’ excavation have never been published before, apart from some brief notes. They are thoroughly described and discussed in the present volume. Between 1990 and 1993, the excavation was resumed and extended. The 1990s’ excavation has been preliminarily published. Further information and details are now presented and commented. A stratigraphic and cultural correlation between the two excavations is also attempted in this volume. Four main archaeological and paedological units were identified and dated. They spanned from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene. The earliest one, dating to the Pleistocene, included an Aterian techno-complex and was dated to around 61,000 years BP. Later, during the Early Holocene, a ‘pre-pastoral’ occupation occurred since the 10th millennium bp. This period was differentiated in two phases characterised by different socio-cultural systems: 1. during the Early Acacus (around 9800-8800 years bp), the site was used on a seasonal basis, probably during the dry season, for practising hunting activities; 2. during the Late Acacus (around 8800-8600 years bp), a more sedentary lifestyle was hypothesised for the inhabitants of the site. These two cultural facies comprised the upper three units. The fourth phase of occupation of the shelter was only attested to the surface of the site, but it could be still considered as an indication of the use of the site during the Late Holocene, as late as the 4th millennium bp. A dung fill in the wall of the rockshelter dated to the end of this, Late Pastoral, phase and is the only evidence for domesticated animals.

Download or read book Past Climate Variability through Europe and Africa written by Richard W. Battarbee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-12-03 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on two complementary time-scales, the Holocene (approximately the last 11,500 years) and the last glacial-interglacial cycle (approximately the last 130,000 years) to synthesize evidence of climate variability at the regional and continental scale across Europe and Africa. This is the first examination of historical climate variations at such a scale, and thus sets a benchmark for future research.

Download or read book Edeyen of Murzuq Archaeological Survey in the Libyan Sahara written by Savino Di Lernia and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2007-06-01 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Il volume è relativo alla campagna archeologica condotta nel 2006 dall’Università ‘La Sapienza’ di Roma e dal Dipartimento di Archeologia di Tripoli nel Sahara libico, nelle aree date in concessione ad ENI North Africa. La documentazione è affidata essenzialmente alle fotografie. Sono riportate, oltre a foto che illustrano le sequenze delle attività di scavo e i reperti ceramici e litici, numerose foto inedite di pitture ed incisioni rupestri. Il testo è in lingua inglese e costituisce il primo rapporto ufficiale sul rischio archeologico nelle aree nelle quali vengono compiute delle ricerche petrolifere.

Download or read book The Boundless Sea written by Peregrine Horden and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-09-30 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together for the first time a collection of twelve articles written both jointly and individually by Peregrine Horden and Nicholas Purcell as they have participated in the debates generated by their major work, The Corrupting Sea: A Study of Mediterranean History (2000). One theme in those debates has been how a comprehensive Mediterranean history can be written: how an approach to Mediterranean history by way of its ecologies and the communications between them can be joined up with more mainstream forms of enquiry – cultural, social, economic, and political, with their specific chronologies and turning points. The second theme raises the question of how Mediterranean history can be fitted into a larger, indeed global history. It concerns the definition of the Mediterranean in space, the way to characterise its frontiers, and the relations between the region so defined and the other large spaces, many of them oceans, to which historians have increasingly turned for novel disciplinary-cum-geographical units of study. A volume collecting the two authors’ studies on both these themes, as well as their reply to critics of The Corrupting Sea, should prove invaluable to students and scholars from a number of disciplines: ancient, medieval and early modern history, archaeology, and social anthropology. (CS1083).

Download or read book Gobero written by Elena A. A. Garcea and published by Africa Magna Verlag. This book was released on 2013 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sahara-Sahel borderland occupies a critical geographical position due to its recurrent latitudinal shifts, continually having a strong impact on humans, animals and plants. Gobero is located at the southern limits of the present Sahara, in Niger. The archaeological record at this site encompasses the re-occupation of the Sahara ca 10,000 years ago until approximately 2000 years ago. During this long period, Gobero witnessed significant fluctuations in climate and water resource availability that resulted in cycles of human occupation, abandonment and re-occupation around a natural basin occupied by a palaeolake, until desertification became an irreversible process and the area turned into a no-return frontier for its occupants. This book presents the archaeological, anthropological and environmental data collected during the 2005 and 2006 field seasons at Gobero. Various factors highlight the extraordinary significance of this site. Thanks to its geographical position, straddling the ancient shifting border(s) of the Sahara and the Sahel, the Gobero's archaeological record reveals critical population movements in this part of Africa and different economic and technological strategies its inhabitants employed to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The presence of both settlement and burial features at Gobero gives a comprehensive view of the cultural, social, economic and funerary traditions of the people who lived and died at this site during almost the entire Holocene. The results from these archaeological investigations provide a term of reference for future research and interpretations of past human occupations in the Sahara, as well as North and West Africa.

Download or read book Quaternary Deserts and Climatic Change written by A.S. Alsharhan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings record the results of climate change in many areas which are hyper-arid deserts today but which, almost cyclically, at intervals of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of years, have had a much more humid climate.

Download or read book Aghram Nadharif The Barkat Oasis Sha abiya of Ghat Libyan Sahara in Garamantian Times The Archaeology of Libyan Sahara Volume II written by Mario Liverani and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2006-11-01 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Il volume, secondo della serie dedicata alle ricerche ambientali, archeologiche e storiche nel Wadi Tanezzuft, l’imponente valle fluviale a occidente delle montagne del Tadrart Akakus, presenta la pubblicazione finale delle indagini condotte nel villaggio fortificato di Aghram Nadharif nell’oasi di Barkat. L’insediamento ebbe vita fiorente dal 50 ca. a.C. al 250 ca. d.C. e offre per la prima volta un quadro completo di un abitato dell’età garamantica nell’età classica. Oltre alla pubblicazione dello scavo e dei reperti archeologici, botanici e faunistici rinvenuti, il volume contiene una serie di interventi sulla storia del sito, l’economia, la demografia e il ruolo svolto dalla cittadella nella vita dell”intera regione.

Download or read book Tides of the desert Gezeiten der W ste written by Jennerstrasse 8 and published by Heinrich-Barth-Institut. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Engraved Landscape Rock carvings in the Wadi al Ajal Libya written by Tertia Barnett and published by British Institute for Libyan and Northern African Studies. This book was released on 2023-02-23 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Engraved Landscape is a contextual analysis of a substantial new corpus of engravings from the Wadi al-Ajal, situated in the Central Saharan region of south west Libya. The wadi is renowned as the heartland of the Garamantian civilization, which emerged from local mobile Pastoral communities in the 1st millennium BC, and dominated trans-Saharan trade and politics for over a thousand years. Extensive archaeological and palaeoenvironmental investigations in recent years have provided detailed insight into the later prehistory and protohistory of the wadi and surrounding areas. However, prior to the fieldwork detailed in this work, only a handful of carvings had been recorded in the wadi. This work is based on systematic survey, conducted between 2004 and 2009, which recorded around 2,500 previously unknown or unpublished engraved and inscribed rock surfaces. All forms of engraving, whether figurative or surface markings, were viewed as significant residues of human interaction with the rock surface and were recorded. The resulting database provides an opportunity to analyze the engravings in relation to their changing physical and cultural contexts, and the discussion offers a fresh interpretation of Saharan rock art based on this substantial new evidence. An Engraved Landscape also captures in detail a unique heritage resource that is currently inaccessible and threatened. This record of the fragile engravings provides an important source of information for researchers and students.

Download or read book Wadi Teshuinat Palaeoenvironment and Prehistory in South Western Fezzan Libyan Sahara Survey and Excavations in Tadrart Acacus Erg Uan Kasa Messak Settafet an Edeyen of Murzuq 1990 1995 CNR Quaderni di Geodinamica Alpina e Quaternaria Milano 7 written by Savino Di Lernia and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Il volume è relativo alla campagna archeologica condotta nel 2006 dall'Università La Sapienza’ di Roma e dal Dipartimento di Archeologia di Tripoli nel Sahara libico, nelle aree date in concessione ad ENI North Africa. La documentazione è affidata essenzialmente alle fotografie. Sono riportate, oltre a foto che illustrano le sequenze delle attività di scavo e i reperti ceramici e litici, numerose foto inedite di pitture ed incisioni rupestri. Il testo è in lingua inglese e costituisce il primo rapporto ufficiale sul rischio archeologico nelle aree nelle quali vengono compiute delle ricerche petrolifere. Survey and excavations in the Tadrart Acacus, Erg Uan Kasa, Messak Settafet and Edeyen of Murzuq, 1990-1995

Download or read book Landscapes and Landforms of the Central Sahara written by Jasper Knight and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-02-03 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the Central Sahara region, bringing together an unprecedented combination of diverse and often historic research published in different languages in order to describe its varied landscapes and landforms. The Central Sahara region consists of Libya, Algeria, Mali, Niger and Chad, countries that share similar landscape histories and common landscape traits, including massifs, sand seas, paleowater features and large depressions. Furthermore, human settlement of this region goes hand-in-hand with climate and environmental changes and landscape evolution during the Holocene and earlier; hence, Central Saharan landscapes and landforms provide valuable insights into landscape–human relationships over long timescales. The book offers a comprehensive yet accessible reference source, drawing on both past and present interdisciplinary research and gathering the insights of authors from many different countries to explore a region that has largely been overlooked in available literature.