Download or read book High Technology Exports and Growth written by Azmat Gani and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oversight on U S High Technology Exports written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on International Finance and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Determinants of High Technology Exports Volume written by Yunus Gökmen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High technology exports (HTX) are considered as an important factor for sustainable economic growth for a country. One of the most important prerequisite to high tech manufacturing and export is technology ownership. Technology ownership can be gained through technology transfer by the way of inward foreign direct investments (FDI). Although many scholars emphasize foreign direct investments as a cheap and easy way of technology transfer, the role of human capital of the host country is considered as an important factor in this process. Another important aspect is economic freedom level (EFL) of the host country which is associated with FDI attraction of the host country. Here, we hypothesize that HTX are a longitudinal function of a country's level of inward FDI, EFL and human development level (HDL). We examine the associations among above mentioned variables using a panel data of EU-15 countries for the period 1995-2010 and find that EFL, HDL and FDI aggregately have a statistically significant positive impact on HTX by conducting panel cointegration method. Additionally, we employ panel causality test and see that there is long-run Granger causality running from FDI, HDL and EFL to HTX, and similarly from HTX, FDI and EFL to HDL.
Download or read book Export Policy Oversight on U S high technology exports written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on International Finance and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technology Intensive Exports and Growth of Asian Economies written by Areej Aftab Siddiqui and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emphasis on enhancing and specialising in technology exports and altering policy environment in Asian economies has been dominant since 2000. The present study is an attempt to empirically investigate the effect of technology exports on enhancing growth of Asian economies during the period 2001 to 2018. To assess the linkages between growth, investments, labour productivity and technology exports, panel least squares with cross section weights is applied for the economies. To assess the relationship between the variables for each individual country ARDL technique is applied. The results indicate long run relationship between low, medium low and medium high technology exports and growth as well as domestic investment and growth. For individual nations, the results indicate varying intensity of technology exports have a different relationship with growth. The results also suggest the need for Government of each nation to enhance its effort on the development of policies which focus on attracting investments and further promoting exports of technology intensive sectors.
Download or read book Determinants of High Tech Export in Developing Countries Based on Bayesian Model Averaging written by Mohsen Mehrara and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the importance and role of high-tech exports in economic growth, it is necessary to identify variables affecting export. Accordingly, in this article we studied the determinants of export for 24 developing countries during the period 1996 to 2013 based on Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) and Weighted-Average Least Square (WALS) technique. The results show that rule of law as a proxy for Institutional quality, human capital, import (as a measure of openness) and GDP with posterior inclusion probability 100% are the most important variables influencing the high-technology export in developing countries.
Download or read book America s High tech Economy written by Ross C. DeVol and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Technology Development in Regional Economic Growth written by Byung-Rok Choi and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2003 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Korea has had considerable success in developing its high-technology industries and these have become significant employers in this region. By analyzing the situation in Korea, this book explores the effects of dynamic externalities on the growth of regional employment in the high-technology industries. It puts forward innovative simultaneous equation models to test three sets of hypotheses related to so-called 'Jacobs', and 'MAR' effects, differentiated by firm size, organizational type and product. Clear evidence is found for endogenous technological progress marked by positive feedback, especially for small firms in diversified high-technology enclaves. There are technological externalities associated with knowledge spillovers, and local employment has indirect effects on employment growth via dynamic externalities. The implications for local economic development policy are outlined in a concluding section.
Download or read book Changing Patterns of Global Trade written by Nagwa Riad and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-01-15 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changing Patterns of Global Trade outlines the factors underlying important shifts in global trade that have occurred in recent decades. The emergence of global supply chains and their increasing role in trade patterns allowed emerging market economies to boost their inputs in high-technology exports and is associated with increased trade interconnectedness.The analysis points to one important trend taking place over the last decade: the emergence of China as a major systemically important trading hub, reflecting not only the size of trade but also the increase in number of its significant trading partners.
Download or read book Assessment of the Contribution of High Technology Exports to the Economic Growth written by Yao Abidi and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Togo's Export diversification has improved during most of the 2000s, although Export Quality has been stagnant on Average. Relative commodity export quality has decreased steadily since the 1990s, although it is in trend with benchmark countries (IMF African Department, 2015). In this paper, I investigate the Contribution of High Technology Export to Economic Growth (GDP) of Togo in the period from 2008 to 2017. For this, Simple Regression Model has been applied to estimate the Contribution of High Technology Export to Economic Growth (GDP) in Togo. From the recently available data from the World Bank, the Contribution of High Technology Export to Economic Growth (GDP) is analyzed for the period of 2008 to 2017. The findings of the present study are quite interesting. The findings of the study reveals that High Technology Exports has the positive relationship with Economic Growth (GDP) in Togo for the period of 2007 to 2016. Which means that High Technology Exports had Significant Contribution to Economic Growth (GDP) of Togo for the period of 2008 to 2017.
Download or read book International Friction and Cooperation in High Technology Development and Trade written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-10-10 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of China s High technology Manufacturing Exports written by Meng-jie Li and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its Economic Reform in 1978 China has sustained high rates of economic growth that have translated into ongoing increases in income per capital. On almost any dimension China’s economic miracle has created gains that are remarkable relative to gains that have been observed in other countries and in other time periods. This dissertation seeks to analyze the trends and pattern of China’s high-tech exports as well as the drivers of growth in China’s high-tech export. The first chapter seeks to explain the determinants of China’s high tech exports through the use of a gravity model of trade. For this project, China’s high tech exports from five key sectors are measured between bilateral province exporters and destination country importers. For this reason, identification of the effects of R&D is facilitated by wide variation across provinces in the sector-emphasis of R&D as well as in the relative importance of firm-level R&D funding of R&D effort. To control for basic trade determinants, the new R&D variables are added to a gravity estimation that tracks high tech exports by firms distinguished by ownership type at the sector level for each bilateral province destination country pair. Consistent with traditional use of gravity estimation, the traditional gravity variable perform as expected. More important, the full panel results and estimates from the preferred sample of ordinary export firms all reveal a positive effect of R&D effort on provincial high tech exports. The estimated impact related to the R&D measure that denotes the percentage of firms raising their own R&D funds is stronger than the effect associated with the level of R&D investments at the sector province level. The regression estimates imply that a 1% increase in provincial total R&D investments will increase estimated ordinary exports by 0.24%, while a 1% increase in share of firm raised R&D funds will increase estimated ordinary exports by 1.161%. Moving beyond the full sample estimates, this chapter uncovers notable sources of heterogeneity in the responsiveness to R&D effort. On this dimension, the estimation reveals sizeable differences in the benefits of R&D across sectors as well as differences in the ability of private or domestic Chinese firms to generate high tech exports. To understand how the quality of China’s trade has changed, the second chapter seeks to understand the factors which influenced China’s trade prices, measured by unit values. To motivate this inquiry, the chapter highlights the notable features in China’s trade with an emphasis on export prices for China’s high-tech manufacturing sectors. We characterize trading data in light of China’s provinces and the income levels of income for the destination countries that purchased their exports. Generally, the rank of rich, medium and poor remained relatively stable during our sample period. Only a few importers and exporters changed from poor to medium or from medium to rich or reversed. After we characterize China’s trade with a focus on province exporter and destination importer income, we turn to estimation to look for the factors that explain trade unit values. If one adopts Schott’s (2004) interpretation of unit values as indicators of quality, the results robustly show that human capital, measured by changes in education across provinces and over time, is an important determinant of rising export prices. When we evaluate issues related to technology we arrive at two conclusions. First, China manages to sell products with higher unit values when it exports goods that are characterized as having longer R&D product life cycles through the use of a measure created by Bilir (2014). Second, increased spending on R&D, which is identified through differences in R&D expenditure across provinces and across time, confirms a positive association between R&D spending at the provincial level and the unit values of the provinces exports. In chapter three, we extend our empirical research on evolving path of export sophistication and market competition, and we attempt to draw some policy implication based on the results of our estimation. To implement this project we use comprehensive Chinese provincial data on trade and economic characteristics to investigate the effect of industrial policy instruments and foreign direct investment on three aspects of China’s economy– local economic growth, export sophistication, and market concentration. We find evidence that China’s industrial policy instruments facilitated local economic growth, and promoted export sophistication. However, these instruments did not appear to encourage market competition. Importantly, the results suggest that the efficacy of the policy instruments varied across firms as distinguished by ownership types. For the estimation period, the results show that the allocation of policy resources to local private firms had a stronger impact on the attainment of positive economic outcomes. Furthermore, in terms of policy instrument efficacy, the estimation results indicate that subsidized interest rates had stronger effects than did subsidies or and tax holidays. From a broader policy perspective, these results show how the level and form of policy interventions shape the effectiveness of interventions targeted at improving local economies or the quality of exports.
Download or read book Technological Characteristics of Industries and the Competitiveness of the U S and Its Multinational Firms written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The share of U.S. multinational firms in world exports of manufactures has remained almost constant at about 17 per cent for the last 20 years while that of the U.S. as a country has declined substantially. The composition of world manufactured exports shifted toward high-technology or R & D-intensive products during these years and away from low-technology products. The comparative advantage of the U.S., and even more that of U.S. multinationals, were in high-tech products throughout the period, as was that of Japan. However, the U.S. and its multinationals shifted even further toward such products during the period than did the world as a whole, and the Asian NIC's exports moved still faster in this direction. With respect to short-run fluctuations, we find that the export shares of U.S. multinationals have been less sensitive to exchange rate fluctuations than those of the U.S. And shares in high-tech exports have been less sensitive than those in low-tech exports. High R & D intensity was a factor raising the competitiveness of U.S. industries and particularly that of U.S. multinationals in those industries. High advertising intensity raised the competitiveness of U.S multinationals but not usually that of their industries. Higher growth in R & D-intensity also led to increase in multinationals' shares of world exports between 1977 and 1982.
Download or read book Mastering a New Role written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the changing character of commercial technology development and diffusion in an integrated global economy and its implications for U.S. public policies in support of technological innovation. The volume considers the history, current practice, and future prospects for national policies to encourage economic development through both direct and indirect government support of technological advance.
Download or read book Asian Development Outlook 2018 written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-04-01 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The annual Asian Development Outlook analyzes economic performance in the past year and offers forecasts for the next 2 years for the 45 economies in Asia and the Pacific that make up developing Asia. Growth prospects in the region are upbeat, buoyed by favorable demand at home and abroad. A strong performance in 2017 reflected a surge in exports, which will likely abate this year and next, and rapidly expanding domestic demand. While the outlook is for steady growth, risks to it are decidedly on the downside: Trade friction could weaken recently deepened trade links, tightening US monetary policy could diminish investment in developing Asia, and rising domestic private debt may hamper growth. New technologies drive higher productivity, the foundation for economic growth, better-paid jobs, and poverty reduction. The latest technologies in robotics and artificial intelligence may threaten some jobs, however, and leave less-skilled workers behind. To maximize gains in productivity while safeguarding social welfare, governments in developing Asia should protect workers but not preserve particular jobs. Meanwhile, they should facilitate the countervailing forces in new technologies that generate new jobs. Dealing with the downsides of new technology requires synchronized effort on skills development, labor regulation, social protection, and income redistribution.
Download or read book Decoding China s Export Miracle A Global Value Chain Analysis written by Yuqing Xing and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In less than three decades, China has emerged as the world's largest exporting nation with more than $2 trillion exports annually. China's quick rise as a leading exporter in the world is an unprecedented miracle. There are many theories explaining this miracle. This book adopts the global value chain (GVC) approach to analyze the Chinese export miracle over the last four decades. It focuses on the tasks rather than the gross export value and emphasizes the organizations of modern trade rather than the national comparative advantage. The GVC approach systematically explains how, in less than four decades China has evolved from a closed economy to the world's No. 1 exporting nation; why China, a developing country, has exported more high-technology products than labor-intensive products to the US; and why almost half of the US trade deficit has originated from China.The book identifies three spillover effects of GVCs that originated from brands, technology and product innovation, and distribution and retail networks of GVCs lead firms. It argues that China's deep integration with GVCs has been a decisive factor for China's emergence as the world's No.1 exporting nation and the champion of high-technology exports. In addition, this book uses iPhone trade and the operation of Apple, the largest factory-less American manufacturer, to explain how current trade statistics exaggerate China's exports to and its trade surplus with the US on the one hand, and underestimate US exports on the other hand.By using the experience of the Chinese mobile phone industry, the book argues that the GVC strategy can be a short-cut for developing countries to achieve industrialization and enable firms of developing countries to enter high-technology sectors despite their intrinsic disadvantages. At this end, the book also discusses the future trajectory of China-centered GVCs under the shadow of the US-China trade war and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Download or read book Globalization of Technology written by Proceedings of the Sixth Convocation of The Council of Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technological revolution has reached around the world, with important consequences for business, government, and the labor market. Computer-aided design, telecommunications, and other developments are allowing small players to compete with traditional giants in manufacturing and other fields. In this volume, 16 engineering and industrial experts representing eight countries discuss the growth of technological advances and their impact on specific industries and regions of the world. From various perspectives, these distinguished commentators describe the practical aspects of technology's reach into business and trade.
