Download or read book High Risk Update public Safety Realignment and the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation written by California. State Auditor (2013- ) and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book California s Public Safety Realignment written by Julie Gerlinger and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: California's AB 109 and AB 117 (together known as "Realignment") made major changes to felony sentencing and supervision of released offenders as a response to a Supreme Court order to significantly reduce California's prison population. Together, these bills moved the responsibility of certain adult offenders from the state to the counties. Although it is too early to declare the end of the mass incarceration era, many states are beginning to reduce their prison populations by making "smart on crime" criminal justice decisions. California's Realignment, though successfully reducing the prison population, forgoes the evidence-based practice of risk assessment, relying almost entirely on the severity of the inmate's current offense to decide sentencing and supervision. This reliance on "stakes" rather than "risk" raises concerns for public safety, particularly because "low-stakes" offenders released to county-level supervision look quite similar to state parolees when criminal histories are considered. This study uses the California Department of Corrections (CDCR) 2005-2006 Recidivism Data to examine the potential effects of AB 109 and AB 117 on offender supervision groups. The distinction between `stakes'--perceived risk to public safety based on type of offense-- and `risk'--likelihood to recidivate--is analyzed by examining two proxy groups' (state parole and post-release community supervision) arrest and conviction rates, as well as the return status of returned offenders, and what this now means for the counties under Realignment. Policy implications for supervision--and ultimately, how to save the state and counties money in a time of looming debt--derive from the observed patterns of arrest and conviction and the pace at which the various parolee groups received a new violation.
Download or read book Why Are So Many Americans in Prison written by Steven Raphael and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2013-05-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1975 and 2007, the American incarceration rate increased nearly fivefold, a historic increase that puts the United States in a league of its own among advanced economies. We incarcerate more people today than we ever have, and we stand out as the nation that most frequently uses incarceration to punish those who break the law. What factors explain the dramatic rise in incarceration rates in such a short period of time? In Why Are So Many Americans in Prison? Steven Raphael and Michael A. Stoll analyze the shocking expansion of America’s prison system and illustrate the pressing need to rethink mass incarceration in this country. Raphael and Stoll carefully evaluate changes in crime patterns, enforcement practices and sentencing laws to reach a sobering conclusion: So many Americans are in prison today because we have chosen, through our public policies, to put them there. They dispel the notion that a rise in crime rates fueled the incarceration surge; in fact, crime rates have steadily declined to all-time lows. There is also little evidence for other factors commonly offered to explain the prison boom, such as the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill since the 1950s, changing demographics, or the crack-cocaine epidemic. By contrast, Raphael and Stoll demonstrate that legislative changes to a relatively small set of sentencing policies explain nearly all prison growth since the 1980s. So-called tough on crime laws, including mandatory minimum penalties and repeat offender statutes, have increased the propensity to punish more offenders with lengthier prison sentences. Raphael and Stoll argue that the high-incarceration regime has inflicted broad social costs, particularly among minority communities, who form a disproportionate share of the incarcerated population. Why Are So Many Americans in Prison? ends with a powerful plea to consider alternative crime control strategies, such as expanded policing, drug court programs, and sentencing law reform, which together can end our addiction to incarceration and still preserve public safety. As states confront the budgetary and social costs of the incarceration boom, Why Are So Many Americans in Prison? provides a revealing and accessible guide to the policies that created the era of mass incarceration and what we can do now to end it.
Download or read book High Risk written by California. Bureau of State Audits and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Public Safety Realignment and Crime Rates in California written by Magnus Lofstrom and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A New Correctional Policy for California written by National Council on Crime and Delinquency and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Instead of Prisons written by Prison Research Education Action Project and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published: Syracuse, N.Y.: Prison Research Education Action Project, 1976.
Download or read book Reducing California s Prison Population Recidivism Rate written by California. Legislature. Senate. Select Committee on Mental Health and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "California spends about $10 billion a year on its prison system. But for all that money it has failed to make our communities safer while producing an abysmal 70 percent recidivism rate ... a hearing to investigate how improving access to mental health and substance abuse services for parolees, probationers and at-risk groups can result in lower incarceration and recidivism rates"--Page 1.
Download or read book California Law Enforcement and Correctional Agencies written by California. Bureau of State Audits and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Risk written by California. State Auditor (2013- ) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Follow the Money written by Jeffrey Lin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The California correctional system is undergoing a dramatic transformation under Assembly Bill 109 (“Realignment”), a law that shifted responsibility from the state to the counties for tens of thousands of offenders. To help manage this change, the state will distribute $4.4 billion to the counties by 2016-2017. While the legislation directs counties to use these funds for community-based programs, counties retain a substantial amount of spending discretion. Some are expanding offender treatment capacities, while others are shoring up enforcement and control apparatuses. In this report we examine counties' AB 109 spending reports and budgets to determine which counties emphasize enforcement and which emphasize treatment. We also identify counties that continue to emphasize prior orientations toward punishment and counties that have shifted their priorities in response to Realignment. We then apply quantitative and comparative methods to county budget data to identify political, economic, and criminal justice-related factors that may explain higher AB 109 spending on enforcement or higher spending on treatment, relative to other counties. In short, our analysis shows that counties that elect to allocate more AB 109 funds to enforcement and control generally appear to be responding to local criminal justice needs, including high crime rates, a shortage of law enforcement personnel, and a historic preference for using prison to punish drug offenders. Counties that favor a greater investment in offender treatment and services, meanwhile, are typified by strong electoral support for the Sheriff and relatively under-funded district attorneys and probation departments.
Download or read book California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation and California Correctional Health Care Services written by California. Bureau of State Audits and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prison Violence in California written by California. Department of Finance. Program Evaluation Unit and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Freedom Never Rests written by James William Kilgore and published by Jacana Media. This book was released on 2011 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lying bare the political and personal intricacies of community struggles, this extraordinary story portrays the historical roots of the service delivery revolts that have swept South Africa in recent years. This novel centers around an engaging and tragic couple: an unemployed ex-shop steward and revolutionary, Monwabisi Radebe, and his wife, Constantia, a former nursery school aide turned local councilor in the fictional Eastern Cape township of Sivuyile. As the council implements an American-financed project of prepaid meters, water cut-offs are visited upon dozens of households. Idealistic Monwabisi faces the most difficult of choices: to remain loyal to the loving wife and mother of his children, who now represents an increasingly discredited council, or take to the streets with disenchanted residents. As Monwabisi and a host of other compelling characters face moral and economic dilemmas of street level organization, this narrative exposes the complexities of post-1994 politics in South Africa.
Download or read book Revoked written by Allison Frankel and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[The report] finds that supervision -– probation and parole -– drives high numbers of people, disproportionately those who are Black and brown, right back to jail or prison, while in large part failing to help them get needed services and resources. In states examined in the report, people are often incarcerated for violating the rules of their supervision or for low-level crimes, and receive disproportionate punishment following proceedings that fail to adequately protect their fair trial rights."--Publisher website.
Download or read book Punishment and Inequality in America written by Bruce Western and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2006-05-25 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last thirty years, the prison population in the United States has increased more than seven-fold to over two million people, including vastly disproportionate numbers of minorities and people with little education. For some racial and educational groups, incarceration has become a depressingly regular experience, and prison culture and influence pervade their communities. Almost 60 percent of black male high school drop-outs in their early thirties have spent time in prison. In Punishment and Inequality in America, sociologist Bruce Western explores the recent era of mass incarceration and the serious social and economic consequences it has wrought. Punishment and Inequality in America dispels many of the myths about the relationships among crime, imprisonment, and inequality. While many people support the increase in incarceration because of recent reductions in crime, Western shows that the decrease in crime rates in the 1990s was mostly fueled by growth in city police forces and the pacification of the drug trade. Getting "tough on crime" with longer sentences only explains about 10 percent of the fall in crime, but has come at a significant cost. Punishment and Inequality in America reveals a strong relationship between incarceration and severely dampened economic prospects for former inmates. Western finds that because of their involvement in the penal system, young black men hardly benefited from the economic boom of the 1990s. Those who spent time in prison had much lower wages and employment rates than did similar men without criminal records. The losses from mass incarceration spread to the social sphere as well, leaving one out of ten young black children with a father behind bars by the end of the 1990s, thereby helping perpetuate the damaging cycle of broken families, poverty, and crime. The recent explosion of imprisonment is exacting heavy costs on American society and exacerbating inequality. Whereas college or the military were once the formative institutions in young men's lives, prison has increasingly usurped that role in many communities. Punishment and Inequality in America profiles how the growth in incarceration came about and the toll it is taking on the social and economic fabric of many American communities.
Download or read book California s Experience with Prison Population Projections written by Marie Vida Ryan and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
