Download or read book High resolution ENDOR Studies on Vanadyl Porphyrins and Crude oil Petroporphyrins written by Donald D. Mannikko and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An open area of inquiry in chemistry research is the chemical environment surrounding vanadyl ions and particularly vanadyl porphyrins in crude oil. This is of interest due to the deleterious effect vanadyl has upon the catalytic efficiency of the chemical processes used to "upgrade" oil through contemporary refining practices. This dissertation describes the first steps towards developing a new method of non-destructive separation-free speciation of vanadyl porphyrins in crude oil through high-resolution electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy. The first two chapters describe the physical parameters of interest that are measured with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), and a review of the research into vanadyl in crude oil. The development of the new method begins in Chapter 3 with the introduction of chemically relevant vanadyl porphyrins, and the complete analysis of their experimentally determined magnetic parameters. Chapter 4 describes the effort of combining the high-resolution ENDOR spectra with a series of mathematical models that allow analysis of these complicated mixtures of vanadyl porphyrins in crude oil.
Download or read book Vanadyl Porphyrins in Boscan Crude Oil written by Raymond Earl Hoff and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metalloporphyrins Catalyzed Oxidations written by F. Montanari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative catalysis by metalloporphyrin systems occupies a prominent role in the current research in the fields of chemical and biological catalysis. Our particular interest and approach has been to collect in the same volume papers dealing with both the chemical and biological aspects of the reactivity of heme systems because of the realization that a better understanding of the complementary discipline can be extremely useful for the researchers from either field. The current progress of the research on synthetic metalloporphyrin catalysts has led to the development of several systems that are able to reproduce the heme-enzyme mediated oxygenation and oxidation reactions, at least in terms of reaction types, mechanisms and often rates. These achievements have stimulated the of creating metalloporphyrin catalysts which are both ambitious project efficient and stable enough to become competitive for large-scale industrial processes. Although this project is still far from being realized, the efforts in this direction parallel those aimed at the application of heme enzymes to chemical technologies, e. g. for the mild, selective oxidation of organics or the detoxification of pollutants. Both the two approaches will be advantageous because while the enzyme systems can achieve selectivities which are probably unattainable by synthetic catalysts, the latter can be active under experimental conditions that would readily inactivate the enzymes.
Download or read book Upgrading Petroleum Residues and Heavy Oils written by R. Murray Gray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-04-19 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This useful reference offers in-depth coverage of current techniques for converting heavy oils and residues into more valuable distillates.Examines the chemistry of heavy hydrocarbon feeds and their properties important to engineering design, including phase behavior, reaction kinetics, and thermodynamic and transport characteristics!"
Download or read book Crude Oil Fouling written by Francesco Coletti and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With production from unconventional rigs continuing to escalate and refineries grappling with the challenges of shale and heavier oil feedstocks, petroleum engineers and refinery managers must ensure that equipment used with today's crude oil is protected from fouling deposits Crude Oil Fouling addresses this overarching challenge for the petroleum community with clear explanations on what causes fouling, current models and new approaches to evaluate and study the formation of deposits, and how today's models could be applied from lab experiment to onsite field usability for not just the refinery, but for the rig, platform, or pipeline. Crude Oil Fouling is a must-have reference for every petroleum engineer's library that gives the basic framework needed to analyze, model, and integrate the best fouling strategies and operations for crude oil systems. - Defines the most critical variables and events that cause fouling - Explains the consequences of fouling and its impact on operations, safety, and economics - Provides the technical models available to better predict and eliminate the potential for fouling in any crude system
Download or read book Vanadium in Biological Systems written by N.D. Chasteen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past several decades, vanadium has increasingly attracted the interest of biologists and chemists. The discovery by Henze in 1911 that certain marine ascidians accumulate the metal in their blood cells in unusually large quantities has done much to stimulate research on the role of vanadium in biology. In the intervening years, a large number of studies have been carried out to investigate the toxicity of vanadium in higher animals and to determine whether it is an essential trace element. That vanadium is a required element for a few selected organisms is now well established. Whether vanadium is essential for humans remains unclear although evidence increasingly suggests that it probably is. The discovery by Cantley in 1977 that vanadate is a potent inhibitor of ATPases lead to numerous studies of the inhibitory and stimulatory effects of vanadium on phosphate metabolizing enzymes. As a consequence vanadates are now routinely used as probes to investigate the mechanisms of such enzymes. Our understanding of vanadium in these systems has been further enhanced by the work of Tracy and Gresser which has shown striking parallels between the chemistry of vanadates and phosphates and their biological compounds. The observation by Shechter and Karlish, and Dubyak and Kleinzeller in 1980 that vanadate is an insulin mimetic agent has opened a new area of research dealing with the hormonal effects of vanadium. The first vanadium containing enzyme, a bromoperoxidase from the marine alga Ascophyllum nodosum, was isolated in 1984 by Viltner.
Download or read book NMR written by Rainer Kimmich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When I planned this book seven years ago I had my graduate students at the University of Ulm in mind, diploma as well as doctoral students, who often asked me what literature they should work with. I used to suggest a list of ten to twenty (for my taste: excellent) treatises on NMR. Apparently this did not make them entirely happy. The difficulty which newcomers to the field face is to practise and to apply theoretical formalisms from different sources while still learning the principles of NMR and being actively engaged in NMR research. Although the text presented here is largely based on my lecture notes, the result is a "working book" rather than an introduction. It is intended to provide direct access to the basic information one needs for NMR diffusometry, relaxometry, and tomography applications. A "working book" is certainly not suitable to be read starting on page one and then carrying on until the last page. Boldly extrapolating my own reading habits to those of the typical scientist I am sure that this is not the way in which monographs of this kind are read nowadays. So my aim was to produce a treatise that offers easy and quick access for the reader to relevant matters of interest. I tried hard to ease the comprehension of NMR principles by extensive cross-referencing among the sections and chapters. Tomography, diffusometry and relaxometry are fields based on common phys ical principles.
Download or read book Structure and Modeling of Complex Petroleum Mixtures written by Chunming Xu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical structure and bonding. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as nanostructures, molecular electronics, designed molecular solids, surfaces, metal clusters and supramolecular structures. Physical and spectroscopic techniques used to determine, examine and model structures fall within the purview of Structure and Bonding to the extent that the focus is on the scientific results obtained and not on specialist information concerning the techniques themselves. Issues associated with the development of bonding models and generalizations that illuminate the reactivity pathways and rates of chemical processes are also relevant. The individual volumes in the series are thematic. The goal of each volume is to give the reader, whether at a university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience.
Download or read book Refinery Feedstocks written by James G. Speight and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-20 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last several decades, the petroleum industry has experienced significant changes in resource availability, petro-politics, and technological advancements dictated by the changing quality of refinery feedstocks. However, the dependence on fossil fuels as the primary energy source has remained unchanged. Refinery Feedstocks addresses the problems of changing feedstock availability and properties; the refining process; and solids deposition during refining. This book will take the reader through the various steps that are necessary for crude oil evaluation and refining including the potential for the use of coal liquids, shale oil, and non-fossil fuel materials (biomass) as refinery feedstocks. Other features: Describes the various types of crude oil and includes a discussion of extra heavy oil and tar sand bitumen Includes basic properties and specifications of crude oil and the significance in refinery operations This book is a handy reference for engineers, scientists, and students who want an update on crude oil refining and on the direction the industry must take to assure the refinability of various feedstocks and the efficiency of the refining processes in the next fifty years. Non-technical readers, with help from the extensive glossary, will also benefit from reading this book.
Download or read book Power Plant Engineering written by Larry Drbal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume provides a complete, authoritative, up-to-date reference for all aspects of power plant engineering. Coverage ranges from engineering economics to coal and limestone handling, from design processes to plant thermal heat balances. Both theory and practical applications are covered, giving engineers the information needed to plan, design, construct, upgrade, and operate power plants. Power Plant Engineering is the culmination of experience of hundreds of engineers from Black & Veatch, a leading firm in the field for more than 80 years. The authors review all major power generating technologies, giving particular emphasis to current approaches. Special features of the book include: * More than 1000 figures and lines drawings that illustrate all aspects of the subject. * Coverage of related components and systems in power plants such as turbine-generators, feedwater heaters, condenser, and cooling towers. * Definitions and analyses of the features of various plant systems. * Discussions of promising future technologies. Power Plant Engineering will be the standard reference in the professional engineer's library as the source of information on steam power plant generation. In addition, the clear presentation of the material will make this book suitable for use by students preparing to enter the field.
Download or read book The Solvent Extraction of Metal Chelates written by Jiří Starý and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Solvent Extraction of Metal Chelates is a comprehensive account of the solvent extraction (liquid-liquid extraction) of metal chelate complexes. Topics covered include the composition and stability of metal chelates; analytical applications of the solvent extraction of metal chelates; and selective extraction procedures for metals. A theoretical treatment of the solvent extraction of metal chelates is also given. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins with an overview of solvent extraction and how it can be used to solve important theoretical problems concerning the composition and stability of soluble and insoluble metal complexes. The next chapter examines the composition and stability of metal chelates based on the assumption that only uncharged complexes are dissolved and extracted by the organic solvents. A theory of the solvent extraction of metal chelates is then described, paying particular attention to a variety of factors that influence the extraction of metal chelates, including acidity, solubility and instability of the metal chelate, and organic solvent. Some analytical applications of the solvent extraction of metal chelates are also considered. The last two chapters deal with systems and selective extraction procedures for metals. This monograph will be of particular value to inorganic and analytical chemists.
Download or read book Biological Markers in the Sedimentary Record written by R. B. Johns and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1986 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph has an emphasis on the identification of biological markers and the diverse range of sedimentary environments from which they can be isolated.
Download or read book An Essay on Egyptian Mummies written by Augustus Bozzi Granville and published by . This book was released on 1825 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction of Metal Complexes written by Y. Marcus and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1969 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Asphaltenes Heavy Oils and Petroleomics written by Oliver C. Mullins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-08 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With substantial contributions from experienced industrial scientists and engineers, this work will have real application towards improving process efficiency and improvement in the trillion-dollar global petroleum industry. It presents an overview of the emerging field of petroleomics, which endeavors to understand the fundamental components of crude oil. Petroleomics promises to revolutionize petroleum science in much the same way that genomics transformed the study of medicine not long ago. Asphaltenes are a particular focus, with many chapters devoted to the analysis of their structure and properties.
Download or read book The Boduszynski Continuum written by César Ovalles and published by . This book was released on 2018-12 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Coordination Chemistry written by Edward Lisic, Ph.D. and published by Infinity Publishing. This book was released on 2005-06 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
