Download or read book High Performance Computing for the Optimization of Radiation Therapy Treatment Plans written by Felix Liu and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Graphics Processing Unit Based High Performance Computing in Radiation Therapy written by Xun Jia and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use the GPU Successfully in Your Radiotherapy Practice With its high processing power, cost-effectiveness, and easy deployment, access, and maintenance, the graphics processing unit (GPU) has increasingly been used to tackle problems in the medical physics field, ranging from computed tomography reconstruction to Monte Carlo radiation transport simulation. Graphics Processing Unit-Based High Performance Computing in Radiation Therapy collects state-of-the-art research on GPU computing and its applications to medical physics problems in radiation therapy. Tackle Problems in Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy The book first offers an introduction to the GPU technology and its current applications in radiotherapy. Most of the remaining chapters discuss a specific application of a GPU in a key radiotherapy problem. These chapters summarize advances and present technical details and insightful discussions on the use of GPU in addressing the problems. The book also examines two real systems developed with GPU as a core component to accomplish important clinical tasks in modern radiotherapy. Translate Research Developments to Clinical Practice Written by a team of international experts in radiation oncology, biomedical imaging, computing, and physics, this book gets clinical and research physicists, graduate students, and other scientists up to date on the latest in GPU computing for radiotherapy. It encourages you to bring this novel technology to routine clinical radiotherapy practice.

Download or read book Graphics Processing Unit Based High Performance Computing in Radiation Therapy written by Xun Jia and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use the GPU Successfully in Your Radiotherapy Practice With its high processing power, cost-effectiveness, and easy deployment, access, and maintenance, the graphics processing unit (GPU) has increasingly been used to tackle problems in the medical physics field, ranging from computed tomography reconstruction to Monte Carlo radiation transport simulation. Graphics Processing Unit-Based High Performance Computing in Radiation Therapy collects state-of-the-art research on GPU computing and its applications to medical physics problems in radiation therapy. Tackle Problems in Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy The book first offers an introduction to the GPU technology and its current applications in radiotherapy. Most of the remaining chapters discuss a specific application of a GPU in a key radiotherapy problem. These chapters summarize advances and present technical details and insightful discussions on the use of GPU in addressing the problems. The book also examines two real systems developed with GPU as a core component to accomplish important clinical tasks in modern radiotherapy. Translate Research Developments to Clinical Practice Written by a team of international experts in radiation oncology, biomedical imaging, computing, and physics, this book gets clinical and research physicists, graduate students, and other scientists up to date on the latest in GPU computing for radiotherapy. It encourages you to bring this novel technology to routine clinical radiotherapy practice.

Download or read book Treatment Planning of High Dose Rate Brachytherapy Mathematical Modelling and Optimization written by Björn Morén and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer is a widespread class of diseases that each year affects millions of people. It is mostly treated with chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, or combinations thereof. High doserate (HDR) brachytherapy (BT) is one modality of radiation therapy, which is used to treat for example prostate cancer and gynecologic cancer. In BT, catheters (i.e., hollow needles) or applicators are used to place a single, small, but highly radioactive source of ionizing radiation close to or within a tumour, at dwell positions. An emerging technique for HDR BT treatment is intensity modulated brachytherapy (IMBT), in which static or dynamic shields are used to further shape the dose distribution, by hindering the radiation in certain directions. The topic of this thesis is the application of mathematical optimization to model and solve the treatment planning problem. The treatment planning includes decisions on catheter placement, that is, how many catheters to use and where to place them, as well as decisions for dwell times. Our focus is on the latter decisions. The primary treatment goals are to give the tumour a sufficiently high radiation dose while limiting the dose to the surrounding healthy organs, to avoid severe side effects. Because these aims are typically in conflict, optimization models of the treatment planning problem are inherently multiobjective. Compared to manual treatment planning, there are several advantages of using mathematical optimization for treatment planning. First, the optimization of treatment plans requires less time, compared to the time-consuming manual planning. Secondly, treatment plan quality can be improved by using optimization models and algorithms. Finally, with the use of sophisticated optimization models and algorithms the requirements of experience and skill level for the planners are lower. The use of optimization for treatment planning of IMBT is especially important because the degrees of freedom are too many for manual planning. The contributions of this thesis include the study of properties of treatment planning models, suggestions for extensions and improvements of proposed models, and the development of new optimization models that take clinically relevant, but uncustomary aspects, into account in the treatment planning. A common theme is the modelling of constraints on dosimetric indices, each of which is a restriction on the portion of a volume that receives at least a specified dose, or on the lowest dose that is received by a portion of a volume. Modelling dosimetric indices explicitly yields mixed-integer programs which are computationally demanding to solve. We have therefore investigated approximations of dosimetric indices, for example using smooth non-linear functions or convex functions. Contributions of this thesis are also a literature review of proposed treatment planning models for HDR BT, including mathematical analyses and comparisons of models, and a study of treatment planning for IMBT, which shows how robust optimization can be used to mitigate the risks from rotational errors in the shield placement. Cancer är en grupp av sjukdomar som varje år drabbar miljontals människor. De vanligaste behandlingsformerna är cellgifter, kirurgi, strålbehandling eller en kombination av dessa. I denna avhandling studeras högdosrat brachyterapi (HDR BT), vilket är en form av strålbehandling som till exempel används vid behandling av prostatacancer och gynekologisk cancer. Vid brachyterapibehandling används ihåliga nålar eller applikatorer för att placera en millimeterstor strålkälla antingen inuti eller intill en tumör. I varje nål finns det ett antal så kallade dröjpositioner där strålkällan kan stanna en viss tid för att bestråla den omkringliggande vävnaden, i alla riktningar. Genom att välja lämpliga tider för dröjpositionerna kan dosfördelningen formas efter patientens anatomi. Utöver HDR BT studeras också den nya tekniken intensitetsmodulerad brachyterapi (IMBT) vilket är en variation på HDR BT där skärmning används för att minska strålningen i vissa riktningar vilket gör det möjligt att forma dosfördelningen bättre. Planeringen av en behandling med HDR BT omfattar hur många nålar som ska användas, var de ska placeras samt hur länge strålkällan ska stanna i de olika dröjpositionerna. För HDR BT kan dessa vara flera hundra stycken medan det för IMBT snarare handlar om tusentals möjliga kombinationer av dröjpositioner och inställningar av skärmarna. Planeringen resulterar i en dosplan som beskriver hur hög stråldos som tumören och intilliggande frisk vävnad och riskorgan utsätts för. Dosplaneringen kan formuleras som ett matematiskt optimeringsproblem vilket är ämnet för avhandlingen. De övergripande målsättningarna för behandlingen är att ge en tillräckligt hög stråldos till tumören, för att döda alla cancerceller, samt att undvika att bestråla riskorgan eftersom det kan ge allvarliga biverkningar. Då alla målsättningarna inte samtidigt kan uppnås fullt ut så fås optimeringsproblem där flera målsättningar behöver prioriteras mot varandra. Utöver att dosplanen uppfyller kliniska behandlingsriktlinjer så är också tidsaspekten av planeringen viktig eftersom det är vanligt att den görs medan patienten är bedövad eller sövd. Vid utvärdering av en dosplan används dos-volymmått. För en tumör anger ett dosvolymmått hur stor andel av tumören som får en stråldos som är högre än en specificerad nivå. Dos-volymmått utgör en viktig del av målen för dosplaner som tas upp i kliniska behandlingsriktlinjer och ett exempel på ett sådant mål vid behandling av prostatacancer är att 95% av prostatans volym ska få en stråldos som är minst den föreskrivna dosen. Dos-volymmått utläses ur de kliniskt betydelsefulla dos-volym histogrammen som för varje stråldosnivå anger motsvarande volym som erhåller den dosen. En fördel med att använda matematisk optimering för dosplanering är att det kan spara tid jämfört med manuell planering. Med väl utvecklade modeller så finns det också möjlighet att skapa bättre dosplaner, till exempel genom att riskorganen nås av en lägre dos men med bibehållen dos till tumören. Vidare så finns det även fördelar med en process som inte är lika personberoende och som inte kräver erfarenhet i lika stor utsträckning som manuell dosplanering i dagsläget gör. Vid IMBT är det dessutom så många frihetsgrader att manuell planering i stort sett blir omöjligt. I avhandlingen ligger fokus på hur dos-volymmått kan användas och modelleras explicit i optimeringsmodeller, så kallade dos-volymmodeller. Detta omfattar såväl analys av egenskaper hos befintliga modeller, utvidgningar av tidigare använda modeller samt utveckling av nya optimeringsmodeller. Eftersom dos-volymmodeller modelleras som heltalsproblem, vilka är beräkningskrävande att lösa, så är det också viktigt att utveckla algoritmer som kan lösa dem tillräckligt snabbt för klinisk användning. Ett annat mål för modellutvecklingen är att kunna ta hänsyn till fler kriterier som är kliniskt relevanta men som inte ingår i dos-volymmodeller. En sådan kategori av mått är hur dosen är fördelad rumsligt, exempelvis att volymen av sammanhängande områden som får en alldeles för hög dos ska vara liten. Sådana områden går dock inte att undvika helt eftersom det är typiskt för dosplaner för brachyterapi att stråldosen fördelar sig ojämnt, med väldigt höga doser till små volymer precis intill strålkällorna. Vidare studeras hur små fel i inställningarna av skärmningen i IMBT påverkar dosplanens kvalitet och de olika utvärderingsmått som används kliniskt. Robust optimering har använts för att säkerställa att en dosplan tas fram som är robust sett till dessa möjliga fel i hur skärmningen är placerad. Slutligen ges en omfattande översikt över optimeringsmodeller för dosplanering av HDR BT och speciellt hur optimeringsmodellerna hanterar de motstridiga målsättningarna.

Download or read book High Performance Computing in Biomedical Research written by Theo C. Pilkington and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading researchers have contributed state-of-the-art chapters to this overview of high-performance computing in biomedical research. The book includes over 30 pages of color illustrations. Some of the important topics featured in the book include the following:

Download or read book Euro Par 2023 Parallel Processing written by José Cano and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-23 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Euro-Par 2023, held in Limassol, Cyprus, in August/September 2023. The 49 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 164 submissions. They are covering the following topics: programming, compilers and performance; scheduling, resource management, cloud, edge computing, and workflows; architectures and accelerators; data analytics, AI, and computational science; theory and algorithms; multidisciplinary, and domain-specific and applied parallel and distributed computing.

Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS supported Research pt A Subject access A H written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 1398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book High Performance Computing and Communications written by Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology. Committee on Physical, Mathematical, and Engineering Sciences and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Emerging Technologies in Brachytherapy written by William Y. Song and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-05-19 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brachytherapy is continuously advancing. Years of accumulated experience have led to clinical evidence of its benefit in numerous clinical sites such as gynecological, prostate, breast, rectum, ocular, and many other cancers. Brachytherapy continues to expand in its scope of practice and complexity, driven by strong academic and commercial research, by advances in competing modalities, and due to the diversity in the political and economic landscape. It is a true challenge for practicing professionals and students to readily grasp the overarching trends of the field, especially of those technologies and innovative practices that are not yet established but are certainly on the rise. Addressing this challenge, Emerging Technologies in Brachytherapy presents a comprehensive collection of chapters on the latest trending/emerging technologies and expert opinions. It is divided into five broad sections: Section I: Physics of Brachytherapy Section II: Imaging for Brachytherapy Guidance Section III: Brachytherapy Suites Section IV: Is Brachytherapy a Competitive Modality? Section V: Vision 20/20: Industry Perspective Each section has a carefully selected collection of chapters, which covers the spectrum of topics in comprehensive detail. By drawing on recognized experts and key opinion leaders from academia and commercial sectors worldwide (100+ contributors), Emerging Technologies in Brachytherapy provides readers with a wealth of relevant information needed to comprehend the rapidly advancing technologies and trends of today and the prospects for the future.

Download or read book Radiation Therapy Physics written by Alfred R. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to provide a uniquely comprehensive source of information on the entire field of radiation therapy physics. The very significant advances in imaging, computational, and accelerator technologies receive full consideration, as do such topics as the dosimetry of radiolabeled antibodies and dose calculation models. The scope of the book and the expertise of the authors make it essential reading for interested physicians and physicists and for radiation dosimetrists.

Download or read book Systems Analysis Tools for Better Health Care Delivery written by Panos M. Pardalos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents some recent systems engineering and mathematical tools for health care along with their real-world applications by health care practitioners and engineers. Advanced approaches, tools, and algorithms used in operating room scheduling and patient flow are covered. State-of-the-art results from applications of data mining, business process modeling, and simulation in healthcare, together with optimization methods, form the core of the volume. Systems Analysis Tools for Better Health Care Delivery illustrates the increased need of partnership between engineers and health care professionals. This book will benefit researchers and practitioners in health care delivery institutions, staff members and professionals of specialized hospital units, and lecturers and graduate students in engineering, applied mathematics, business administration and health care.

Download or read book Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics written by Roman Wyrzykowski and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-27 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume set, LNCS 13826 and LNCS 13827, constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics, PPAM 2022, held in Gdansk, Poland, in September 2022. The 77 regular papers presented in these volumes were selected from 132 submissions. For regular tracks of the conference, 33 papers were selected from 62 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named as follows: Part I: numerical algorithms and parallel scientific computing; parallel non-numerical algorithms; GPU computing; performance analysis and prediction in HPC systems; scheduling for parallel computing; environments and frameworks for parallel/cloud computing; applications of parallel and distributed computing; soft computing with applications and special session on parallel EVD/SVD and its application in matrix computations. Part II: 9th Workshop on Language-Based Parallel Programming (WLPP 2022); 6th Workshop on Models, Algorithms and Methodologies for Hybrid Parallelism in New HPC Systems (MAMHYP 2022); first workshop on quantum computing and communication; First Workshop on Applications of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in High Performance Computing (WAML 2022); 4th workshop on applied high performance numerical algorithms for PDEs; 5th minisymposium on HPC applications in physical sciences; 8th minisymposium on high performance computing interval methods; 7th workshop on complex collective systems.

Download or read book Nanotechnology in Cancer Management written by Kamil Reza Khondakar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology in Cancer Management: Precise Diagnostics toward Personalized Health Care provides a well-focused and comprehensive overview of technologies involved in early stage cancer diagnostics via the detection of various cancer biomarkers, both in-vitro and in-vivo. The book briefly describes the advancement in cancer biomarker research relating to cancer diagnostics, covering fundamental aspects of various techniques, especially transduction methodologies, such as electrochemical, optical, magnetic, etc. In addition, it describes approaches on how to make options cost-effective, scalable for clinical application, and user-friendly. Advancements in technology related to device miniaturization, performance improvement and point-of-care applications round out discussions. Final sections cover future challenges, the prospects of various techniques, and how the introduction of nanotechnology in cancer management in a personalized manner is useful. Includes smart sensing materials such as smart electro-active nanomaterials, sensitive transducers development, nano-enabled advanced imaging, miniaturized analytical system, and device integration and interfacing for point-of-care applications Describes each component involved in the development of an efficient cancer diagnostics system Focuses on fundamental and applied concepts of the technologies, along with the related mechanisms proposed for diagnostics of cancer Enhances fundamental understandings of the concepts and development of nanotechnology based analytical tools and novel techniques for early stage cancer diagnostics and management

Download or read book Biologically Optimized Radiation Therapy written by Anders Brahme and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-03-21 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation therapy has developed and advanced dramatically in the last few decades. However, very little has been published or done in the area of biologically optimized treatment planning. Development of Biologically Optimized Radiation Therapy aims to fill and close an important gap in the literature with a well-focused and in-depth content. The book covers the biological, physical and clinical background of advanced biologically based radiation therapy optimization with focus on modern radiation therapy modalities such as electron, photon and light ion therapy. Highly recommended for its strong interdisciplinary profile, the book contains a meritorious compilation of previously unpublished materials in many areas of modern science. Undergraduates, researchers and practitioners such as oncologists, medical physicists and radiation biologists alike should find the book immensely informative and comprehensively thorough.

Download or read book Optimization of Human Cancer Radiotherapy written by G.W. Swan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mathematical models in this book are concerned with a variety of approaches to the manner in which the clinical radiologic treatment of human neoplasms can be improved. These improvements comprise ways of delivering radiation to the malignan cies so as to create considerable damage to tumor cells while sparing neighboring normal tissues. There is no unique way of dealing with these improvements. Accord ingly, in this book a number of different presentations are given. Each presentation has as its goal some aspect of the improvement, or optimization, of radiotherapy. This book is a collection of current ideas concerned with the optimization of human cancer radiotherapy. It is hoped that readers will build on this collection and develop superior approaches for the understanding of the ways to improve therapy. The author owes a special debt of thanks to Kathy Prindle who breezed through the typing of this book with considerable dexterity. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Introduction 1 1. 2 History of Cancer and its Treatment by Radiotherapy 8 1. 3 Some Mathematical Models of Tumor Growth 12 1. 4 Spatial Distribution of the Radiation Dose 20 Chapter 2 SURVIVAL CURVES FROM STATISTICAL MODELS 24 2. 1 Introduction 24 2. 2 The Target Model 26 2. 3 Single-hit-to-kill Model 27 2. 4 Multitarget, Single-hit Survival 29 2. 5 Multitarget, Multihit Survival 31 2. 6 Single-target, Multihit Survival 31 2.

Download or read book The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy written by Wolfgang Schlegel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computers have had and will continue to have a tremendous impact on professional activity in almost all areas. This applies to radiological medicine and in particular to radiation therapy. This book compiles the most recent developments and results of the application of computers and computer science as presented at the XIIIth International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy in Heidelberg, Germany. The text of both oral presentations and posters is included. The book is intended for computer sientists, medical physicists, engineers and physicians in the field of radiation therapy and provides a comprehensive survey of the entire field.